AbstractFrom 1st of July 2003 it is compulsory for companies with an average number of ten employees the latest two financial years to account sick Leave in the annual report.The government?s purpose with accounting of sick Leave was partly to evoke an action from the companies? side in terms of motion as an effect due to the awareness of the level of the sick Leave. The government was of the opinion that the companies had too deficient knowledge in sick Leave and that the knowledge about causes and costs had to increase.In this paper three companies affected by the compulsory accounting of sick Leave have been interviewed. The paper defines to only concern private companies. The companies were interviewed in purpose to form an opinion of whether the companies have changed their health promoting actions due to the application of the law.

The aim of the study was to examine whether parental Leave can serve as capacitating period in life. More specifically our aim was to get a deeper comprehension of the abilities and competencies developed through parental Leave and how these can be of use to the individual when at work. 12 semistructured interviews were conducted with employees from a large organization in the south of Sweden. The results were analyzed using a hermeneutic approach. The results of the study show that competencies and abilities such as effectiveness, organizing, multitasking, leader abilities, communication, sensitivity, limiting skills, mindfulness, acceptance, self-confidence and life balance were enhanced during parental Leave.

The essay?s purpose is to illustrate the topic of parental Leave and the distribution of the domestic work in the households. Furthermore this essay aims to investigate the following questions:§ Which factors will be of importance while considering how to divide the parental Leave?§ How do families with small children distribute the domestic work?§ What are the opinions regarding equal allocation of parental Leave quotas in families with small children?We have used a quantitative method to gather our empirical data. Surveys were handed out to parents visiting six ?Öppna förskolan? in Örebro.

The following paper looks into MaternityPaternity Leave and how the parents make use of it. The underlying reasons for the paper, is a pattern of unequal division of Leave between the mother and father.By using a qualitative in depth interview technique with couples that have children between 2 and 3 years old we have looked for reasons why the decisions, around the division of Leave, have been taken, and what factors influence the outcome.We have found that great importance is attached to, how, the negotiations are carried out between the parents, although these negotiations are influenced by a series of circumstances where the families economic situation influenced by the employment market are important factors.The results from the empiric part of the study showed a link between the childs age and which parent stayed home. Furthermore, the results show the families place in relationship to the structure of society also plays an important part in the concluding division of Leave..

The main intention with this study was to explore how parents, employed in three Swedish small- and medium-sized companies, experienced their combination of work and parental Leave. The investigation was carried out by a questionnaire, and the 21 participants estimated the attitude from and the treatment by mainly the management and the colleagues. The answers were analyzed both from a perspective of gender and in the aspect of high- and low utilizers of parental Leave. The results showed that although both men and women generally estimated the attitude from the management and the colleagues towards parental Leave to be positive, the parental Leave was divided traditionally and unequally between the parents..

The purpose with this essay was to analyse the view of parental Leave in the public and private labour market. How does the economical compensation affect the parent's use of parental Leave, with focus on the fathers "earmarked" months? Were there any differences in private companies and public organisations? We chose to look at past research and theories about father/men's usage of "60 day parental Leave" from a point of gender and equality perspective. In regard to our questions we preformed qualitative, semi structural interviews. We picked people at random to interview at both private companies and public organisations that had or had not extra economical compensations except what the social insurance office paid during parental Leave.

This bachelor thesis explores the conditions for a harmonized EU gender equality policy. Recently the maternity Leave directive has been introduced by the European commission and seeks to improve the conditions for pregnant workers. The controversial subject of this maternity Leave has illustrated many of the problems connected to the development of a social dimension in EU. First of all, the debate concerning the maternity Leave directive in the European Parliament has shown that both sides in the parliament seem positive towards creating legislation in this matter on EU level. However, parties at the right tend to disagree to many of the amendments in the proposal, such as the maximum entitlement.

The purpose of this paper is to create an understanding of the negotiation process behind the decision of who will stay at home with a sick child and to develop the knowledge of the mechanisms considered to affect the negotiation process, in particular, the mechanisms likely to contribute to an uneven use of care Leave. In the study six interviews were conducted with three sets of parents. These interviews were then analysed with Janet Finch?s (1989) definition of negotiation of family responsibilities. The study finds that the negotiation on care Leave is a result of the negotiation of the shared view of reality.

One purpose of our study was to investigate if equality in work time and parental Leave in a relationship affect the time that parents spend with their children. Our first hypothesis was that increased equality in work time and parental Leave leads to a reduction of the parents? total time with their children, ie the children spend more hours in pre-school and begin pre-school earlier. In order to test our hypothesis, we investigated the relationship between the woman?s and the man?s work time and parental Leave and the time that the children spend in pre-school as well as at what age they began pre-school by using two surveys.Our study showed a significant coherence between both working women?s work time and the children?s time in pre-school as well as women?s parental Leave and the children?s age at start in pre-school.

The main purpose of this essay is to study the Swedish labor law concerning employees who are, aspire to be, or are expected to become parents, both men and women. Thereby accomplishing a gender perspective on the issue at hand. The study also take in to account the laws issued by the European Union, and their impact on the Swedish law system, so as to gain an international perspective. The laws regarding parental Leave, both Swedish and European, involve protection for workers from being treated in a less favorable way than someone in a comparable situation, as employers are forbidden to disfavor any employee or job-seeker in basically all situations in the work place or in a recruiting context, if the disfavor is in any way related to the parental Leave. The only situation where an employer is allowed to disfavor an employee regarding his or her parental Leave, is if the disfavoring is a necessary consequent of the employee?s absence.

This Bachelor Thesis is entitled ?Swedish parental Leave and gender equality. Effects on women?s conditions on the labour market?. Through our empirical results in conjunction with economical and sociological theories, this Bachelor Thesis attempts to answer the questions: 1) Why are the claims for Swedish parental Leave unevenly distributed between men and women? 2) Does the uneven distribution result in discrimination of women on the labour market? 3) How do different designs of parental Leave scheme influence women?s conditions on the labour market and which possibilities are there to change these conditions through changes in the design? We make use of case studies from Denmark, Iceland and Great Britain, which work as basis for policy implications for the Swedish parental Leave scheme.

Rules on parental Leave have over the years been the subject of several gender debates. The big question has particularly been whether a further individualization of the days should be established. Sweden is a relatively equal country but differences still exist between men and women in the labor market, such as differences in wages. A fact that is considered encouraging for this is the uneven distribution of parental Leave between men and women. It has now been nearly 40 years since the introduction of the first parental insurance but we have still not achieved gender equality in working life which was the main purpose.The main purpose of this essay is to study the motives for the proposal of individualized parental Leave, and in addition examine how this change of rules could impact on gender equality in the work place.

Parenting and parental Leave in a career context is a highly topical subject in which discussions about gender equality and corporate discrimination against parents occur daily. Media has recently raised the theory of parenting and parental Leave as having positive impacts on personal development, such as creativity enhancement, which may promote the individual's work performance. Despite the subject's significant value for society and organizations, no scientific research is to be found. This paper examines how an individual's creativity at work is affected when becoming a parent and if parental Leave has any contributory effect. Furthermore, the paper identifies and scrutinizes four creativity theories that may help explain these changes in creativity.

Introduction: Although life expectancy had increased in Sweden for many decades and several health problems had diminished over time, there was no change in men's risk behaviour regarding for instance high alcohol and tobacco consumption. Many of the gender differences in health that existed in society explained were due to power structures and beliefs about behaviour based on gender; a social construction that resulted in the relatively high valuation of men with a more masculine behaviour. Aim: This literature review aimed to study and identify the scientific knowledge regarding paternity Leave and its impact on men's health. Method: A literature- based study design was used and the material consisted of peer-reviewed articles from which six themes were identified: alcohol, tobacco, stress, isolation, social support and mortality risk. Results: Divided into three parts, the results described the socioeconomic background of the men who took paternity Leave, as well as the impact of paternity Leave and masculinity as an impact on men's health.

Mothers and fathers in Sweden receive an earnings-related benefit of 80 percent of their income when they take parental Leave. There exists a ceiling in the allowance though, meaning that some people with high earnings don?t receive fully 80 percent of their ordinary salary. The length of the parental Leave varies between women and men and also among men and women. Various reasons are used to explain this; one of them is economical.