Riskfaktorer för förlossningsdepression samt förebyggande åtgärder ? En litteraturbaserad studie
FörlossningsdepressionSocioekonomisk statusRiskfaktorerEPDSPostpartum depressionSocioeconomic statusRisk factorsEPDS
Introduction: Approximately one in eight women suffer from postpartum depression, which can affect them for a period of weeks or even years. Postpartum depression does not only affect the mother, it also has a negative influence on the rest of the family. Postpartum depression can also lead to negative consequences for the development of the infant. It is an illness that is still considered a taboo, a fact that makes it hard to identify among women who are affected. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine cases where there is a connection between social economic status (SES) and the presence of postpartum depression. The study also aims to investigate whether the EPDS model was an effective method of preventing postpartum depression. Method: The report has made use of literary sources and is based on 13 quality-scrutinising articles. The articles, all of them based on quantitative data, were chosen from different scientific magazines available in the databases Pubmed, Scopus and Cinahl. Results: The result was divided into three parts according to the three questions; Social economic status, Other risk factors and EPDS as a screening method for postpartum depression. The result showed that the mother?s social economic status influences the development of depressive symptoms in connection to giving birth. A vulnerable economic situation was identified as the biggest risk factor. To be a young mother, be an immigrant or belong to an ethnic minority and have lack of a social support network were also seen to be contributing factors. Other risk factors included earlier stressful life conditions and depression, before or during the pregnancy. EPDS proved to be a good method with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. There were, however, some deficiencies with the method, one being that it worked less effectively when the aim was to distinguish depressive symptoms in teenage mothers. The result also showed that EPDS needs to be used in different ways depending on the cultural and social economic background of the mother. Discussion/Conclusion: Social economic status plays a contributing role in the development of postpartum depression in women. EPDS is considered a good method, one that should be used continuously within the health-care system in order to prevent and discover depression during or after pregnancy.