Handelseffekter i Myanmar efter inträdet i ASEAN
Komparativa fördelarASEANMyanmarCEPTEconomicsEconometricsEconomic theoryEconomic systemsEconomic policyNationalekonomiEkonometriEkonomisk teoriEkonomiska systemEkonomisk politikBusiness and Economics
Myanmar?s entry in Association of South Eastern Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1997 brought about several economic and social changes. One important change is tariff reduction through the Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT-scheme), which increased Myanmar?s export to countries outside the ASEAN. The increase in exports facilitated trade creation and investment creation for Myanmar. Membership in ASEAN has improved Myanmar?s credibility in the global market, which has made them more attractive for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Increased foreign investment will have a spillover-effect into other sectors, further improving Myanmar economy as a whole. A Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis of Myanmar, utilizing the Balassa-method, reveals the country?s advantage in labour-intensive industries. Provided the capital-intensive advantages possessed by many of their ASEAN peers, foreign trade provides significant advantages for Myanmar, as will be shown through use of the Hecksher-Ohlin theorem. Despite the advantages and opportunities provided to Myanmar through its ASEAN membership, serious challenges remain as a result of military dictatorship still in place. Many Western countries cite human rights violations as reason for avoidance. With many of the world's economic superpowers located in the West, Myanmar's dictatorship is isolating itself from important growth opportunities. Still, evidence suggests that Myanmar's integration with ASEAN has created growth and benefits within its economy thus far, and will provide more opportunities for its future.