D för depression
Har D-vitamintillskott lindrande effekt på depressiva symptom? ? En systematisk översiktsartikel
Sahlgrenska AcademyAt University of GothenburgDepartment of internal medicine and clinical nutritionAbstractTitle: D for depression: Does vitamin D supplementation have apalliative effect on depressive symptoms? ? A systematic reviewAuthor: Emelie Nacksten and Lua Ferreira RangelSupervisor: Fredrik BertzExaminer: Ingrid LarssonProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 22th, 2013BackgroundDepression is one of the major diseases in the world and is ranked by the WHO as the leading causeof disability. Several studies suggest that there is a correlation between low s-25(OH)D levels and theoccurrence of depression. Current research has found enzymes required for synthesis of the active formof vitamin D and its receptors (VDR) in the brain. The potential role of the vitaminas a neuroactive steroid has resulted in an increased interest in investigating the role of vitamin D in thetreatment of depression.ObjectiveStudy the scientific evidence to determine if vitamin D supplementation can relieve depressive symptomsin adults.Search strategyThe literature search was conducted in the databases Scopus, Pubmed, Cochrane and PsychInfo. Thekeywords used were "vitamin D", "depression", "vitamin D supplementation" and"depressive disorder" in various combinations.Selection criteriaRCT studies, with a placebo control group, in Swedish/English that assesses depressive symptoms withBDI-II in adults (? 18 years). Studies that examined other mental disorders, had different study designs,or studies that used multivitamin as an intervention were excluded.Data collection and analysisThree RCT studies were included for review and assessment of study quality andrelevance using SBU?s "Granskningsmall för randomiserade studier". Furthermore grading of evidencewas conducted according to GRADE?s ?Sammanfattande evidensformulär?.Main resultsOne study showed a modest palliative effect of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms. Theother two studies found no significant difference between the placebo group and the intervention group.ConclusionsAfter evaluating the existing scientific literature, we believe that there is little evidence to recommendvitamin D supplements for alleviating depressive symptoms in adults. For relief of depressive symptomsmeasured by the BDI-II score, in cases of minimum depression or none at all, there is no clear effect ofvitamin D supplementation. The strength of evidence is low, however. For more severe degrees ofdepression, we found no scientific studies to assess the effect of vitamin D supplements in the literaturesearch. More research is needed on the subject that can confirm or reject vitamin D?s role in depressivedisorders.