Alternativa drivmedel i den svenska vägtrafiken år 2030
En utvärdering av den svenska regeringens målbilder
The Swedish government has set up the overall goal that no net emissions of greenhouse gases can occur after 2050. A sub-target has been developed for road transports which states that the use of fossil fuels must be reduced with 80% to 2030 in order to be completely abolished to 2050. A public inquiry mapping how this can be achieved was handed in to the government late in 2013. The use of alternative fuels for road transport, both biofuels and electricity, is expected to give the biggest contribution to the reduction of the use of fossil fuels. The inquiry sets up a number of goals for how much the use of alternative fuels must increase to 2030 in order to reach the overall goal and which instruments that are needed in order to do so.The aim of this thesis is to evaluate how these goals can be reached and what the most likely obstacles that may hinder the reaching of these goals may be. The thesis also evaluates the instruments that the inquiry proposes.The results show that the possibilities for reaching the different goals vary greatly. The goal for the use of electricity as a fuel may be reached for passenger cars but is considerably harder to reach for heavier vehicles since the electrification of these are not yet commercialized. The use of biofuels has better technical conditions for reaching the necessary level that the inquiry presents. This demands however the implementations of generous instruments since biofuels often are significantly more expensive than fossil fuels to produce. The inquiry presents a set of instruments that are well suited for increasing the use and production of biofuels but the conditions for implementing these instruments are limited.