The aim of this study was to examine if it was possible to improve fitness and strength in young ice hockey players with help of a Training programme based on functional Training and aerobic Training. The Training programme was performed on Halmstad Hockey U-16 team where 17 boys participated in the study. We performed the Training in a period of sex weeks with three Training occasions each week. These consisted of two functional Training sessions and one fitness session. In the beginning we emphasized the importance of a correct performance and technique.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether gallop Training, rather than regular drive Training, is worthwhile for trotters race performance. Another aim of the study was to expand the author?s riding- and driving capacity, and get more practical experience on the impact of interval Training on trotters. The sample population in the study was two trotters, one Standardbred, and one cold-blood. Given the small sample population, the results of the study is only indicative on the effects of gallop Training on trotters, and not conclusive.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether gallop Training, rather than regular drive Training, is worthwhile for trotters race performance. Another aim of the study was to expand the author?s riding- and driving capacity, and get more practical experience on the impact of interval Training on trotters. The sample population in the study was two trotters, one Standardbred, and one cold-blood. Given the small sample population, the results of the study is only indicative on the effects of gallop Training on trotters, and not conclusive.

Instrumental conditioning, the use of reinforcement and punishment, is used when Training horses and these procedures may have different consequences regarding animal welfare. The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of reinforcers that are used in Training horses and when these reinforcers are used. This study has its focus on positive reinforcement and its advantages and disadvantages. Interviews of five A-level and B -level equestrian coaches about their Training methods were conducted to complement the literature search and give a greater understanding to why certain methods are used or not in Training horses. The results show that negative reinforcement seems to be the foundation of Training horses whereas positive reinforcement is used but not to the same extent.

The purpose of this study was to survey the occurrence of and obstacles to team Training inneonatal life support in Swedish hospitals and, accordingly, to compare university hospitalswith other hospitals. The study included all the managers in 37 pediatric wards whoparticipated in telephone interviews with the aid of a questionnaire. The results showed that81 % of the Swedish hospitals that have a paediatric ward train the staff in neonatal lifesupport. All of the university hospitals and 74 % of the other hospitals are running Training insome form. The methods of Training varied and so did the occurrence of Training.

Background: Practical blood flow restriction (pBFR) combined with resistance Training has been proven to facilitate muscle strength despite Training at low intensity. However, research investigating the effects of long-term pBFR-Training and its periodization with strength Training (ST) at a higher intensity is lacking, as well as the effects of occlusion Training on blood lactate levels (BLL) over time.Purpose: To compare the effects of 2 weeks of pBFR Training followed by 2 weeks of ST (BFR-ST) with 2 weeks of ST followed by 2 weeks of pBFR Training (ST-BFR) on anaerobic performace and BLL.Method: 5 adults (age 23 ± 2 years) with a minimum of 1 year of ST experience were recruited and randomized into BFR-ST (n=2) or ST-BFR (n=3). Anaerobic performance was measured using a 30-s Wingate-test and BLL samples were collected <1 and 5 minutes post-Wingate. Data and samples were collected before the intervention and after the 2 protocols.Results: No differences were seen between groups in anaerobic output or BLL after 4 weeks of Training (p>0,1 for all values). A decrease in time to peak power (tPP) were seen in both groups with an advantage for BFR-ST (-37 ± 8 %) over ST-BFR (-27 ± 22 %).

The aim of my thesis was to investigate in what grade teachers who work within special education make use any methods to train the working memory of their students to improve learning ability. I also wanted to examine the material used to train working memory and if any results were noticed. My choice of method was qualitative semi-structured interviews that were recorded during the interviews I conducted these in five different school with education for children with intellectual impairment. The result shows that the schools that are aware of recent research on working memory Training had methods for Training with their students. They could also see a result that shows that working memory can be improved with Training.

The aim of this essay is to describe the historical development of the intercultural teacher Training program at Södertörn University in Stockholm. I have also examined how the intercultural teacher Training program was started, how and why it became intercultural and how the people in charge of the development of the teacher Training program discussed intercultural science. The teacher Training program has been an active part of Södertörn University since 1998, but it became intercultural in 2002. I have studied these questions through documents from the Södertörn University archives and literature by the funders of the education. The study shows that the university profile, ambitions and motives have been a key factor in the decision to make the teacher Training program at Södertörn a multi-cultural one..

AbstractElderly people are going to be a growing number in Europe. Between one third are going to be 60 years or older at 2025. For Sweden the situation is going to be similar. A reduced muscle function could lead to complications for the individual to perform daily tasks and will lead to a higher rate for falling and getting bone fractures. The positive sides are that for men and women there are a possibility for maintaining physical function and strength even in older years.

Dogs have been held as pets for thousands of years. Dogs held today usually get some sort of Training some time during their life. You can train dogs for many different reasons such as general obedience or you can train them for competition. When Training a dog every behaviour is followed by a consequence. These consequences are positive reinforcement, positive punishment, negative punishment and negative reinforcement.

This study was aimed to investigate why team sport coaches use group Training as a part in their build-up Training. Issues covered in this study are: "What motives have coaches in team sports that use group exercise as part of the build-up Training?" and "What are the positive and negative aspects experienced trainers of using group exercise as part of build-up Training in team sports?". It was a qualitative study, seven interviews were made with team sport coaches that has used group Training as a type of exercise in their built-up Training in collaboration with Friskvårdskompaniet. The results showed that the reasons why group exercise were used was different from coach to coach for example one motive was to increase the players physically ability.

Physical exercise is a trend that continues to grow, especially at the gym, but there are still members that do not use their Training card in full. The overall aim of this study was therefore to investigate infrequent member?s experience of their Training card. To answer this, focus was on motives to card purchase and perceived opportunities and difficulties of using the Training card. The data was collected at IKSU trough a group interview with four managers within the organization, a questionnaire replied by 39 infrequent members and of those 11 individual interviews.

Introduction: Balance is a complicated term which includes a static, dynamic and functional part. These parts have, during a long period of time, been included into the existing Training programs through several different balance exercises, which aim to prevent sports injuries mostly focused on the knee and ankle. In floorball these injuries are common and a sports injury prevention program is required.Purpose: The purpose is to explain the balance term and relate it to injury prevention Training and the existing theories. A second purpose is to see whether five weeks of balance Training increases the balance ability in female floorball players and thereby increase the test values in the two tests.Method: Twenty female floorball players participated in the study and were divided into a Training group and a control group. They performed a Star excursion balance test (SEBT) and a Multiple single leg hop stabilization test (MSLHST) before and after a five week Training period, containing exercises of balance.Results: The Training group showed improvement after the Training period, however only one significant result was found.

This study examines how and why organizations evaluate Training and development within the organizations. The study has a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews, with office and organization development managers. The purpose of the study is to contribute with knowledge about how three large Swedish organizations evaluates Training and development programs for staff members. Another purpose is to describe why the organizations evaluate Training and development programs and to research if there is a further need to develop the organization evaluation methods. Therefore the research questions are Why and how do organizations evaluate Training programs? What further need is there to develop organizations evaluation methods?The conclusion of this study shows that evaluation of the Training and development programs are not a high priority among the selected organizations.

The industry of management Training programs is increasing rapidly. Every year numerous organizations sponsor expensive management Training programs for their managers, hoping that this will pay off and make the organizations more profitable. The companies that offer these management Training programs could be seen as important conveyers of conceptions of leadership. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to identify similarities between a number of management Training programs and see how they are related to different leadership theories , and based on this try to recognize the conceptions of leadership that are conveyed. The study is of qualitative nature and is based on interviews with representatives from five management Training companies in Sweden along with a text analysis of written material presented by the companies.