Every organization goes through the same lifecycle. Through every step in the transformation to a better organization the communication Structure changes. In this report there are examples of the communicational disadvantages that is connected to the communicational Structure.By choosing to not have a formal communicational design, the manager takes a risk in spreading the information, the interaction, the control and the balance in creativity and constraint.This case organizations problem is that some parts of the organization has made more progress in the communicational Structure than other parts. In this case the Collectivity Structure has met the Formalized Structure.Tha structural differences has came to affect the way of sharing information and it has become a situation where the information about the products is not stored in a safe way from a quality point of view. There is a gap between the two different ways of communicate.In this report I have created a model to identify problems in the communication Structure.

The purpose of this thesis is to ascertain the main determinable factors of Swedish SMEs capital Structure decisions and to investigate whether existing capital Structure theories are applicable on Swedish SME financing. We have used panel data to run regressions of various capital Structure determinants on three measures of capital Structure; short- term debt, long-term debt and total debt. We found that growth opportunities, profitability and age are the most important capitalStructures determinants for our sample. Firm size shows a small explanatory result but the effective tax rate and the asset tangibility do not seem to explain the capital Structure at all. Thematurity matching principle is considered significant..

In industry applications, such as power supply plants, the issue of interaction between fluid and Structure is always presented. More precisely, the fluid flow affects the Structure by applying force(s) on it and vice versa. As a result, the Structure can move (vibrate) or deform. A good understanding of this problem can help to design the system in term of safety, stability and efficiency.This project aims to optimize and test the Unicorn FSI solver from the FEniCS project [1] to simulate the interaction of fluid and Structure in an experiment, which was carried out at Vattenfall Research and Development. The target is to improve the Unicorn FSI solver to cope with a real industrial problem.

During the past year it has been made possible to buy back a company?s outstanding stock. This is done in order to change the capital Structure towards a situation with less equity. A change in capital Structure means a change in the cost of capital for a company and by that a change in the value for the stockholder. This Master Thesis studies the relation between capital Structure and business risk.

The objective of this thesis is to examine the capital Structure of Swedish small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Accounting data from Swedish game developers, combined with the result from a survey, is used to examine their financial conditions and capital Structure decisions. We find that non-debt tax shield, firm size, growth opportunities and age are, to various extents, the determinants of capital Structure in the game industry, while effective tax rate and asset Structure have marginal effects. Our study also implicates that most of the existing capital Structure theories can explain SMEs leverage decisions to some extent; however, some adaptation is needed to fit these theories into the SME context. Additionally, we find the existence of a financial gap in the game industry which might need efforts from both demand side and supply side to eliminate..

The relational database model was defined in the 1970?s and is the dominating database type today.  The main difference between data from a relational database and a hierarchical data Structure is that the relational database stores records in tables. The records have no particular order, but can include links in terms of relationships with other records. A hierarchical Structure organizes data in the form of a tree Structure  and  can for an example be found in organizational Structures in which different levels involves different responsibilities. If the data stored in a relational database is to be presented in a hierarchically, a conversion of the data Structure is required. The intention of this paper is to describe how such a conversion can be performed.  To investigate the conversion methods, case studies has been conducted on the basis of a specific organization?s hierarchical Structure.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate which the main determinants of capital Structure in Swedish listed firms are and to identify which incentives lies behind managers choice of capital Structure determinants. Further, the study investigates whether the Post Keynesian theory and theories which incorporate behavioral aspects can be used to explain the capital Structure decisions or if the traditional Neoclassical theory give an better explanation. We have used a qualitative method to analyze the determinants of capital Structure and the managers incentives behind capital Structure decision. We conducted a survey which was sent to 83 Chief Financial Managers and financial executives in Swedish firms listed on Mid Cap or Large Cap. The questionnaire was on-line which enabled for the respondents to quickly and convenient respond.

The purpose of this thesis is to test whether firms have target capital Structure, and if so with what speed they adjust toward this target. Findings that support this purpose are also in line with the trade off theory. One of the key elements of this thesis is the method used, which successfully enables fulfilling the purpose. The panel data method captures the data characteristics of the cross sectional and time series dimension. By using this approach the dynamic effects of capital Structure can be studied, thus if there actually is an adjustment towards a target the speed can be estimated.

During the autumn of 2008 I obtained office experience by working at the local government of Örnsköldsvik. I started working on the district green plan of the green Structure and that led to the work of this exam paper. The purpose of this exam paper has been to define some standpoints for the green Structure of the local government district of Örnsköldsvik. I have used both a larger and a smaller scale to obtain a wide a perspective as possible of the green Structure. The larger scale gives an overall view of the whole municipality while the smaller scale is found in the study of the two local areas Centrum and Domsjö. For the local government planning to be able to obtain an agreeable level of verdure to the residents it is necessary that the green Structure is brought up on the agenda.

This master thesis concerns whether Swedish non-financial listed firms act in accordance with the optimal capital Structure theory and/or pecking order theory. The examined period is 1998-2004 and we discover that Swedish companies neither follow optimal capital Structure theory nor pecking order theory. From our results we conclude that there exists no single point of the capital Structure which is optimal. Rather it seems as if the optimal point lies in-between an interval from 0 to the industry average, where firms tend to be indifferent to their debt-ratios. Our results show that Swedish companies prefer internal financing followed by equity and as last choice debt issuance..

Background: A company?s choice of capital Structure is influenced by the access to internal and external capital but also by the opportunities and threats that the management perceives in the environment and the management?s attitude towards risk. How an individual perceives and interpret the environment depends on the cognitive Structures, which are shaped by personality, background and earlier experiences. Accordingly cognitive Structures can be expected to influence the choice of capital Structure. Purpose: Out of a cognitive perspective we intend to study the relationship between the way a company views it?s environment and what capital Structure it chooses to have, in order to contribute to an increased understanding about what lies behind a company?s capital Structure policy.

The change of the Real property index map has met a lot of resistance in Dalarna.This is the reason that the parcel?s reform has not had the same impact in Dalarnaas in the rest of Sweden. In addition, even ?Laga skifte? (the reformation on propertyStructure) was never effected in most areas of Dalarna. This has lead to thatDalarna has a unique property Structure with many small and narrow parcels.Some argue, however, that the property Structure has been the same for many centuries.The purpose of this thesis is therefore to study how the property Structurelooked before ?storskifte? (the reformation on property Structure) was done, howit was when äganderättsutredningen (the adjudication), in the 1970s, was accomplished,and finally how the Structure looks when land consolidation has been implemented.For the template of the studies, seven different villages were chosen.The basis for the study was comprised of acts for each stage and each village.The study showed that change in property Structure has occurred.

The objective of this thesis was to present a design proposal on a modular mechanicalStructure for a nanosatellite. The size of the Structure should follow the CubeSatstandards. This standard divides satellites in units (U), where 1U is equivalent to acube where sides measure 100 mm. 2U corresponds to the same volume and size as2 assembled 1U Structures, and so on. The focus was to develop a Structure in theorder of 3U and 6U.At the integration in the satellite launch rocket, there are a couple of differentinterfaces, where the Structure is adapted to common ones; P-POD and CSD.

This paper describes a case study of the largest film production ever conducted in Scandinavia. The study aims at explaining the complex relationships in the network Structure in which the project took place. Coordination of creative projects carried out in a network context, includes handling conflicting interest and contradictions. Creativity needs space and freedom while projects need Structure and coordination, whereby controlling these projects becomes complex. Adding to the complexity, does the loose form of organization that the network Structure represents, without any long term Structure.

This thesis examines the subject of change in public administration from an instrumental and an institutional Structure perspective. The purpose of the thesis is to examine whether institutional Structures affect the development of instrumental Structures and if it in turn is possible to affect institutional Structures by changing the instrumental Structures. This case study is primarily based on a series of deep interviews with senior administrators and politicians within two new administrations in the municipality Karlstad, both which have been created by merging several smaller administrations, but also thorough analysis of several official document such as protocols from the municipal council meetings, Tja?nsterskrivelser and internal PMs.   The result of the analysis indicates that both institutional Structures and the forming instrumental Structures affect each other and  that their ability to affect each other depends on the dominance over the organization each Structure has.  In my specific research case we can see that the institutional Structure of the city-technical and housing administration has affected the outcome but the institutional Structure of the cultural and tourism administration hasn?t.  While the structural change of the city-technical and housing administration hasn?t effected the institutional Structure but the structural change of the cultural and tourism administration has affected the institutional Structure of this specific administration..