This report discusses questions concerning wear on forest Roads. The purpose of the work is to investigate if the wear on the Roads will decrease when the speed limit gets lower for the trucks that transport the wood. A normal forest Road, class B, was used in the study. In total 5000 m3f timber was transported on the Road. Data about the Road was measured with a profilograph car before and after the timber transport.

Sweden have 419 000 km Road in the country and about half of these Roads is forestRoads. The forest Road net most important mission is to make it possible to deliver wood from the forest to the industries. With a raw material that is spread over a large area the Road network is important. Each year has the forest Road network been extended with about 1 700 km new Roads. To decide if a new Road is to be built different forest Road cost estimation models has been used.

This thesis focuses on the driver?s experience of the Road and its surroundings. ?The view from the Road? takes place every day and a high-quality ?Road experience? is therefore a question of importance. Since cars made their breakthrough in the 1920-30, the approach to ?the driver experience? has varied notably.

The use of gabions means a reduced amount of filling material in the Road section and a more narrow construction. Also the use of limestone cement columns can be reduced. All together this results in lower costs. The columns stand for about 55% of the total costs for the Road. If gabions are used you can reduce the total costs with over 10%..

The forest industry is one of the most important industry branches in Sweden. Since the demand of high precision wood deliveries has increased, the demand on a well constructed forest Road net also has increased. A good Road net gives the wood-supplier competition advantages and also increases its service level towards its customers, lumber-mills and pulp-mills. In some parts of Norrbotten, the Road net is still insufficient and not yet built out enough, and that is why it is important to know how to act and where to improve the Road net in these areas. The purpose of this thesis was to create a work-model for long term Road planning in areas with no Road net or a not yet complete Road net. The model has been created in an ArcGis environment, where a long chain of tools has been tied together with the program ?Model builder?.

New method for measuring Road quality- A statisticalstudy of the relationship between Road quality andsocioeconomic development A new tool with implications for Road maintenance has the potential to yield statistical data for Road quality in a large number of regions. This thesis investigates the possibility to develop a method, from this data, for evaluating the effects of Road quality on socioeconomic development.The thesis is essentially divided into two parts. Part one looks to qualitatively establish the link between socioeconomic development and Road quality and the second part focuses on how to develop a method for evaluating the effects of Road quality on socioeconomic development. A method was devised using categorical data and a multinomial regression model. This method provides a comprehensive overview of the complex relationship between a variety of different variables.

Transportation constitutes a large part of the forest industry's raw material costs. Transport also contributes a significant proportion of the carbon dioxide emissions. In order to reduce both the cost and environmental impact different types of decision support are required. These, in turn, require extensive information about the Road network and correct information on Road path selection and transport distances. In the development of national Road data base for forestry (SNVDB) a Road selection application has been included.

A Road project?s frame is built up of a decision- and consultation process, where the results of the preparatory studies are being discussed. The aim with a consultation process is that all theopinions and knowledge from the operators' will be taken into count in the basis of information, that is needed in order to the different involved operators' to take a decision.The aim of the essay was to investigate how the decision- and consultation process for a Road project, the E4 section between Uppsala Läby, turned out. The aim is also to bring up how theprocess could have been done more correctly. The study was carried out through a qualitative method with an analysis of materials from the National Road Administration's archives, the associated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and through interviews of the different operators.My theoretical basis has been a Stakeholder Analysis and its principles, and theory about different executions of social planning.The result showed that the decision- and consultation process has been bursting in democracy and consideration taking of the different operators' opinions, has been poor from the developer?s, in this case the National Road Administration's, side.

This report is written in cooperation with the Swedish National Road Administration South-Eastern Region in Jönköping. The report is a result of the evaluation to give an answer to the question about how well the function contract has been carried out on the E4 in Östergötlands and Jönköpings län. The evaluation is divided in two hard parameters and one soft.The Swedish National Road Administration is interested in knowing how the standard on the Road have been changed during the functions period, which is the reason why the first hard parameter is considering Road standard. To evaluate the standard there have been a comparison of values from measures taken every year on the current Road stretch. The second hard parameter considers economy.

The increased travelling of today makes nodes along travelling routes more and more important. This is very much the case of petrol stations. They constitute important nodes in the Road network, filling up thirsty fuel tanks and hungry stomachs, guiding Road users and providing vehicle-services. In this thesis the role of the petrol station for Road users was investigated in order to find out if the petrol station was a potential hot spot. We performed an ethnographic field study at a petrol station and found that a great number of visitor activities took place at the petrol station.

Msc in Logistics and Transport Management.

The basis of Road investments is to minimize the transportation cost. The forest industry wants roundwood to be available during the whole year. One way of determine which Road to invest in is to do a cost/benefit calculation. SCA Forest lacks a uniform approach to determine the utility of a Road investment. The goal of this report is to describe how the organization works today and find areas of improvement. The data collection was done through interviews.

Abstract Road cycling is well established and has always been described as a highly endurance sport. To be able to compete in such a demanding sport the physiology of the athletes needs to be greatly developed. This review will focus on high intensity interval training and its impact on the physiological characteristics of competitive Road cyclists. The main difference between different levels of competitive Road cyclists seems to be the capacity to maintain a high sub maximal power output over a long period of time in order to succeed. High intensity interval training, from 30 seconds to 5 minutes, leads to improved VO2peak, aerobic peak power and time trial performance.

It?s a fact that the climate is affected by the vehicle that runs on the worlds Roads. But theconstruction of the Road itself is rarely thought of as a climate threat. Svevia and the Swedish Roadadministration have opposite views of how the construction of Roads should be carried thru. It?sthe difference between those two construction methods that is the base in our thesis.The amount of energy use or the emissions are not analyzed for neither the Swedish Roadadministrations nor Svevias construction models.

The study was conducted with an landscape approach with an subject related approach in the field of environmental psychology to investigate how Road design affects drivers' choice of speed. The purpose was to portray Road environments on thoroughfares in urban areas to motivate motorists to keep the speed limit and thus increase Road safety for vulnerable Road users. The task question was formulated, how can thoroughfares in suburban settings be portrayed to motivate motorists to reduce speed? The study was conducted throughout a literature review of motivational speed measures along with interviews with Road design experts at the Swedish Transport Administration. Case studies were conducted on three thoroughfares in the Stockholm suburbs Vallentuna, Upplands Väsby and Danderyd.