The thesis mission is to investigate whether the swiveling laser that Vectura (former Vägverket Konsult) has in use to measure the Road areas and straddle measuring can be used to detect differences in the reflective Road markings function. This is to increase use of the swiveling laser and get rid of the manual measurements performed today.Currently, the measurement of Road markings reflective function is performed with both mobile and handheld measuring instruments. The purpose of this thesis is to develop better methods for determination of Road markings? reflective function, in order to facilitate the description and suggestions for improvements of the maintenance of Road markings reflective function.The questions that the thesis has been to start with are:Can the swiveling laser detect differences in longitudinal and transverse Road markings reflective function?The accuracy of measurement has been sweeping the laser over the reference instrument (LTL-2000)Is it necessary with a conversion factor for swiveling laser data against the reference instrument data?To answer the question 2 and 3, there has been a field work in Värnamo where a Road stretch with longitudinal Road markings and zebra crossing (transverse Road markings) has been investigated with a swiveling laser and LTL-2000.The formulas and calculations contained in the thesis are drawn from scientific reports that are produced by VTI in Linköping. The same formula that was used to calculate the optical measurement data was also used for the swiveling laser data.

Road design with focus to safety has been extensively developed in last decades in Nordic and some other EU countries with the main aim to achieve a decrease in a number of accidents and fatalities on the Roads. These countries gained many valuable experiences, but they had to sacrifice great effort, expenses, and time to reach the present art-of-state. The purpose of the Master?s Thesis is to review some design approaches with focus to safety and discuss the general way that they may be applied. The Master?s Thesis studies safety in three levels: (i) general - design standards, national safety policies and Road hierarchy; (ii) local authority and Road administrator; and (iii) three specific safety countermeasures - junctions, pedestrian crossings and traffic calming.

When constructing a Road the risk of emission of substances from the used materials to the surrounding environment has to be evaluated. The aim of this study is to present a proposal for how to evaluate the risk of contamination as a result of emission from the materials in a Road construction. The study is based on literature studies, an inventory and a questionnaire that examines how experts in governmental agencies, industries and universities evaluate the risk of contamination. The inventory indicates that guidelines for evaluating the risk of emission from secondary materials in a Road construction do not exist. The conclusions from the questionnaire are: that there is no common way to evaluate the risk of contamination as a result of emission from materials in the Road construction, there is no uniform interpretation of the terms "minor" and "significant" risk of contamination and that the evaluation is subjective.

This thesis is an evaluation of the new traffic solution at ?Skvallertorget?. The innovative theory behind it is to increase traffic-safety by introducing insecurity feelings for Road-users. The conclusion of the evaluation is that the newtraffic solution is well adjusted according to guidelines for municipal traffic planning. The evaluation also illustrates the conflict between traffic planners deliberate attempt to avoid clear information and the Road users wish to get it.

Through previous studies during my education, I have experienced that chemical deicing Road salt is a known problem, mainly in southern Sweden. Road salt causes damage to the environment and also damage to vehicles and structures such as bridges, etc. Road salt causes vehicles and steel constructions to rust, leading to increased costs for repairs of damage to structures. Road salt also causes damage to the plants and the economy to suffer, when plant material and soil needs to be replaced. In order to get closer to a solution, I put up three questions.

The problems around and the planning of wood flow is some of the most complex issues in the forest-sector. The experience and overview of the single employees is crucial for the possibility of correct tactical and economical decision-making. The increasing demand of savings and shorter reaction-times with greater flexibility in the wood-supply-chain, makes solutions and aids for improved effectiveness in the work and processes according to wood-flow urgent. Holmen Skog is starting to develop a new forest-Road-management-system. The system will facilitate the work according to construction, improvements and updating the standard of Roads.

Through previous studies during my education, I have experienced that chemical deicing Road salt is a known problem, mainly in southern Sweden. Road salt causes damage to the environment and also damage to vehicles and structures such as bridges, etc. Road salt causes vehicles and steel constructions to rust, leading to increased costs for repairs of damage to structures. Road salt also causes damage to the plants and the economy to suffer, when plant material and soil needs to be replaced. In order to get closer to a solution, I put up three questions.

The interaction between the driver, the car and the Road is essential for the Road safety. This case study focuses on the Road condition and its effect regarding Road safety issues. By studying and isolating the Road condition aspect and its contributing role to the accident occurrence, the aim is to explore their relationship, as well as highlight the Road parameters that are commonly associated with accident occurrence. This result will be used to develop and increase awareness of the impact of poor Road alignment and poor Road surface conditions on traffic safety, in order to prevent these accidents from occurring. The Road parameters chosen for this study include side friction, cross slope and rut bottom cross slope, Road texture, curvature, drainage gradient and rutting.The case study was limited to lv 360 in Va?sterbotten, where all accidents with an unclear cause of the accident were studied, between 2003 and 2012 were carefully studied and assessed based on the condition of the Road at the time of the accident.

approaching Boden deals with the approaching of a city, both in a physical sense ? along the Road ? and in a spiritual sense ? in mind. The physical encounter with a city is represented by the experience of the Road and its surroundings, while the spiritual encounter is represented by the idea of the city that we already have, or will get, in our minds. We have in this degree project approached Boden through a thoroughly analysis of both the entrance Roads and the city itself. In this degree project we are looking for ways of how to create characteristic and interesting entrance Roads to a city, with Boden as an example. This demands knowledge about the problems involving entrance Roads as well as the distinctive features of the city.

This work derives from the question ?What is a beautiful Road??. The question is being discussed in interviews with two employees at the Swedish National Road Administration and two former members of the ?Council of environment and beauty? at the Swedish National Road Administration. The interviews are summarized in my own discussion about the concept of ?Beautiful Roads?.

During 2006 SNVDB (the national Road data base for forestry) is being introduced to Holmen Skog. This data base contains all information about Holmen Skogs Road systems. The information will then be used in different kinds of optimisation models which only produce correct and reliable results if the input data are of the adequate quality. Today there are reasons to believe that Road data is of various qualities. The forest Roads are often in a bad condition and have to be improved before a planned harvest. The cost of maintenance and construction of new Roads is a large part of the total harvesting cost.

Assessment of impacts on nature and reindeer husbandry by the considered mountain Road between Borgafjäll and Saxnäs- Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institutes method for assessment of damage to heritage assetsThere are plans regarding the building of a new Road from Borgafjäll/Båtas to Saxnäs, and two Road alternatives have been presented. The Road has been localized to an area which is protected as a nature reserve and listed as a Nature 2000 area. This report aims to determine the effects on the Nature 2000 area and reindeer husbandry, and to be a source of knowledge for future environmental impact assessment in that project. In order to assess the impact on nature values and reindeer husbandry a method from the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI) has been used. A literature review has been made to prescribe the effects and consequences.

The technical achievements that have occurred in recent years have led to a greater use of the Internet around the world. Today, more and more people are using virtual communities, a place where communication occurs with people who have similar interest. Due to the option of being an anonymous user, the concept of trust plays a big part in how virtual communities are working. It is therefore of interest to investigate how trust develops between users in virtual communities. This report asks the following question:"How is trust formed between users at a virtual community?"A qualitative and netnographical study was conducted to answer the question above.

The objective of this thesis was to develop a method for the planning of Road upgrading at Holmen Skog, a Swedish forest company. A critical issue for creating such plans is to identify Roads that are suitable to upgrade to a standard that can handle heavy traffic during spring thaw, since spring thaw is a bottle neck for transporting timber. The method was tested in a case study at a district. The work consisted of two parts. The first was to retrieve and prepare geographical data for the Roads.

The Swedish Transport Administration has, and manages, a database containing information of the status of Road condition on all paved and governmental operated Swedish Roads. The purpose of the database is to support the Pavement Management System (PMS). The PMS is used to identify sections of Roads where there is a need for treatment, how to allocate resources and to get a general picture of the state of the Road network condition. All major treatments should be reported which has not always been done.The Road condition is measured using a number of indicators on e.g. the Roads unevenness.