Uppsatsen unders?ker hur den aktiebolagsr?ttsliga separationsprincipen p?verkar konflikter mellan aktiebolagslagen och aktie?garavtal, s?rskilt i privata bolag d?r alla aktie?gare ?r bundna av samma avtal. Separationsprincipen inneb?r att avtal mellan aktie?gare inte kan f? bolagsr?ttslig verkan utan st?d i lagen, vilket s?kerst?ller bolagsorganens autonomi. Men i praktiken anv?nds aktie?garavtal f?r att reglera relationer mellan ?gare och hantera fr?gor som aktiebolagslagen inte t?cker.

Den 15 april 2013 presenterade regeringen ett fo?rslag till nya regler ga?llande beskattning av utdelning och kapitalvinst pa? kvalificerade andelar i fa?mansfo?retag. Dessa regler a?terfinns i IL 57 kap. och kallas fo?r 3:12-reglerna.

Ma?nga fo?retag i Sverige a?gs och kontrolleras av familjer. Familjer som a?gare skiljer sig fra?n andra a?gare och har ett mer la?ngsiktigt synsa?tt samt ett mindre risktagande. Syftet med arbetet a?r att underso?ka om och i sa? fall hur familjea?gda fo?retag skiljer sig mot icke familjea?gda fo?retag vad ga?ller internationaliseringsgrad och geografisk diversifiering.

Familjea?gda fo?retag har oftast en styrelse besta?ende av a?gare och i vissa fall, na?gon eller na?gra familjemedlemmar till a?garen. Detta kan bidra till att styrelsen inte na?r sin fulla potential. Ett flertal forskare inom verksamhetsstyrning och familjefo?retag argumenterar fo?r vikten av att tillsa?tta externa ledamo?ter till familjefo?retags styrelser.

Denna uppsats unders?ker de f?reslagna f?r?ndringarna av 3:12-reglerna i SOU 2024:36 och deras p?verkan p? beskattningen av f?mansf?retag. Reformf?rslaget syftar till att f?renkla regelverket och minska m?jligheterna till inkomstomvandling, men v?cker samtidigt fr?gor om vilka f?retagare som gynnas eller missgynnas av f?r?ndringarna. Analysen fokuserar p? hur reglerna p?verkar ?gare av sm?, medelstora och stora f?mansf?retag, med s?rskilt fokus p? gr?nsbeloppets ber?kning, utomst?enderegeln, karenstider och definitionen av n?rst?ende. Genom en granskning av lagstiftning, praxis och f?rarbeten identifierar uppsatsen reformens potentiella effekter. Resultaten visar att reformen kan leda till f?rdelar f?r b?de sm? och stora f?retag, medan ?gare av medelstora f?retag riskerar att hamna i en skattem?ssig mellanposition.

A?gare av aktier i privata bolag har sa?mre mo?jlighet att avyttra sina aktier a?n a?gare av aktier i publika bolag, allt annat lika. Da?rfo?r anva?nds en generell rabatt vid va?rdering av privata bolag, en privat bolagsrabatt, fo?r att kompensera ko?pare fo?r den reducerade mo?jligheten att avyttra sina aktier i ett senare skede. Underso?kningen a?mnade da?rfo?r underso?ka huruvida en generell rabatt a?r applicerbar pa? samtliga bolag genom att underso?ka skillnader i den privata bolagsrabatten mellan olika branscher i Norden.Genom att anva?nda publika aktietransaktioner skapades publika referensportfo?ljer som kunde ja?mfo?ras med privata bolagstransaktioner i Norden under perioden 2006- 2013.

De sto?rsta affa?rsjuridiska advokatbyra?erna i Sverige har genomga?tt stora fo?ra?ndringar de senaste decennierna och advokatens yrkesroll a?r i fo?ra?ndring. Byra?erna har blivit mer professionella i strukturen, men dess a?gandeform har la?nge fo?rblivit ofo?ra?ndrad. A?gandeformen besta?r av ett dela?garskap vilket inneba?r att advokatbyra?n a?gs av ett antal advokater som a?ven a?r ansta?llda pa? samma byra?.

The core process is responsible for internal business development and is the process that runs through the organization and the results which creates a value for the customer. Some research suggests that identification of the client's conscious or unconscious needs clarifying the so-called core process in the organization and operations can thus be more effective. The study aims to identify and analyze the experience of the core process within child health care. The method has been interviews with nine managers and 10 clinic nurses in a county. The results show a lack of knowledge regarding core process and process work.

The core process is responsible for internal business development and is the process that runs through the organization and the results which creates a value for the customer. Some research suggests that identification of the client's conscious or unconscious needs clarifying the so-called core process in the organization and operations can thus be more effective. The study aims to identify and analyze the experience of the core process within child health care. The method has been interviews with nine managers and 10 clinic nurses in a county. The results show a lack of knowledge regarding core process and process work.

Sammanslutningar bildas fo?r att minska transaktionskostnaderna pa? marknaden, i fo?rhoppning om o?kad produktivitet. Fo?retagets uppgift a?r att generera o?kad vinst och aktiea?garva?rde, men separationen av a?gandet och kontrollen ger upphov till avvikande egenintressen inom fo?retaget. Ersa?ttning till VD:n och ledande befattningshavare blir ett instrument fo?r att koordinera gemensamma la?ngsiktiga intressen med aktiea?garna.

The aim of this study is to examine the investment decision process for investments that arise due to strategic changes and are of strategic importance to the company. At the foundation of this study is the previous research in this area, done by King (1975) and Bower (1970), which examines the investment process on a more generic level. At the core is the investment decision process pertaining to Projekt X, an investment performed by NordiCorp. Having conducted a case study including six interviews with employees from various parts of the organization, combined with a large number of internal documents, the process regarding the investment decision was carefully illuminated. The results show that in many regards, this process follows the more generic investment process.

To implement an ERP-system is not an easy process. The success of the implementation depend on many different variables. The most important one is perhaps the requirement process, to define what the organization wants and expects from the system. In this study, the advantages of a process mapping are examined, in relation to the phase where the requirements are expressed in an ERP-implementation. The conclusion is that a process mapping generates an increased communication with the supplier of the ERP-system, hence the business knows their processes and thereby what they want from the system.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats a?r att identifiera vilka bootstrappingsmetoder som svenska sma?fo?retag tilla?mpar samt hur dessa tilla?mpas. Dessutom a?mnar studien att kartla?gga vilka av de identifierade bootstrappingskategorierna som anses vara mest effektiva pa? att tillfredssta?lla behovet av kapital.Teoretiskt perspektiv: Den teoretiska referensramen utgo?rs av teorier om det finansiella gapet samt asymmetrisk informationsfo?rdelning. Vidare behandlas entrepreno?rens preferensordning av kapital i Pecking Order Theory samt teorier om finansiell bootstrapping och dess olika metoder.Metod: Studien utga?r fra?n ett positivistiskt inslag och besitter en iterativ forskningsansats.

In this thesis we have examined why the establishment process of travel destination is essential for the tour operators and how the process can be influenced by different conditions. The thesis is written from the perspective of the tour operators and with the tour operator Ving as our case study, we have been able to create a picture of how the establishment process of travel destination may look like.We have chosen to deal with some different areas in this thesis that all are important for the creation of a holistic picture of the process. The overall segments listed in this thesis are the process itself, the tourist, marketing, the product creation and demand. By connecting our theoretical framework to the collected empirical data from our case study, we have analyzed the establishment process and drawn our conclusions..

The goal of this project was to make the requirement process at the Swedish Coastguard more effective. The first step to achieve this was done by locating bottle necks in the process with value stream mapping method. The result of this study showed that the biggest restriction in the requirement process was while examining older requirement documents to understand what elements were suitable for the particular project. This was followed by a study of literature, interviews and theory of Lean Production with the ambition to investigate how the requirement process was handled on other companies and how to improve the process on the Swedish coast guard. This led to a number of potential enhancements of the process which later was evaluated.