The aim of this masters thesis is to examine query Expansion. Query Expansion is the process of adding new terms to a query to improve the retrieval effectiveness. In this study the baseline query was expanded in five different modes. The first Expansion strategy was formulated by the inflected terms as the system does not allow truncation, I have inflected the terms, e. g.

The purpose of this thesis is to compare five different ranking algorithms for query Expansion. The algorithms compared are f4, f4mod, porter, wpq, and emim. This is done using a TREC collection, a selection of topics, and relevance judgements. Relative recall is measured before and after the Expansion of the query. The study shows that all of the algorithms manage to increase the relative recall, f4 being the one most successful..

This thesis deals with query formulation in full text retrieval. The variables studied were query Expansion and query structur[INS: e :INS , and the aim of the thesis is to study their co-effects on retrieval performance in a probabilistic system. The Expansion was made with synonyms, and the structure by expressing facets and phrases. The study was performed using QPA, Query Performance Analyzer, which includes InQuery retrieval system and a sub-collection of TREC documents with its topics. The measurement used was precision at 11 DCV points.

This thesis emphasizes the importance of understanding the employees? attitude and motivation towards their workplace at a company that works in the advertising business. An example company; thcommunication agency PS Communication in Stockholm, was used for the empirical part to investigate the purpose. The topic is interesting since the company works in a fast changing environment with new techniques,tools and professionals and the company is also going through an Expansion that include many new recruitments.The purpose in this thesis is as follows: ?the purpose of this study is to elucidate the fate of attitude and motivation of employees in relation to the workplace during business Expansion, if performance is reduced and competition increases.?The analysis and results shows that attitudes andmotivation among the employees in the workplace has deteriorated, the employees agree that it is due to Expansion the company is undergoing.

This thesis emphasizes the importance of understanding the employees? attitude and motivation towards their workplace at a company that works in the advertising business. An example company; thcommunication agency PS Communication in Stockholm, was used for the empirical part to investigate the purpose. The topic is interesting since the company works in a fast changing environment with new techniques,tools and professionals and the company is also going through an Expansion that include many new recruitments.The purpose in this thesis is as follows: ?the purpose of this study is to elucidate the fate of attitude and motivation of employees in relation to the workplace during business Expansion, if performance is reduced and competition increases.?The analysis and results shows that attitudes andmotivation among the employees in the workplace has deteriorated, the employees agree that it is due to Expansion the company is undergoing.

För ett tillverkande företag som har etablerat en verksamhet på en utländsk marknad kan en Expansion på marknaden vara ett realistiskt alternativ. Den lokale ledaren har stor betydelse för att genomföra en sådan ambition. Men Expansion på en utländsk marknad försvåras ofta av olika konkurrenshinder. För att övervinna sådana hinder kan företaget utveckla sin lokalakonkurrensstrategi och kunskap om den lokala marknaden. Denna studie ökar förståelsen av Expansion på utländska marknader genom att utveckla och tillämpa ett perspektiv som integrerar teori om konkurrensstrategi och marknadskunskap.

The purpose with this essay is to enlighten the small business´ existence at times of Expansion, identify threats and possibilities and also to try to find ways to encourage growth in the small business.To answer our purpose we carried out a literature study to later implement six interviews with small business leaders. We separated the companies into three categories; small business without employees, small business with 2-5 employees and small business with 6-10 employees.We confirm that the main reason why small business leaders think both once and twice before hireing new labour force are because of the high costs. The change in government has so far not given the small business what was promised, but there is still hope for improvement and simplification.The economic part of owning a company has been pointed out as the greatest threat in relation with Expansion and the big responsibility in another persons possibilities to earn his/her living is also burdensome. The possibility to take on more work increases with the number of workers, which is positive..

In query Expansion (QE) terms are added to an initial query in order to improve retrieval effectiveness. In this thesis we use QE in the sense that a reformulation of the query is done by deleting the terms in the initial query and instead replacing them with terms from the documents retrieved in the initial run. The aim of this thesis is to, in a experimental full text invironment, study and compare the retrieval result of two different query Expansion strategies in relation to each other. The following questions are addressed by the study: How do the two strategies perform in relation to each other regarding recall? What may be causing the result? Are the two strategies retrieving the same relevant documents? Two strategies are designed to simulate a searcher using automatic query Expansion (AQE) either with or without relevance feedback.

Denna uppsats behandlar svårigheter och möjligheter som finns när ett fastighetsmäklarföretag expanderar på en marknad med stor konkurrens. I de tre storstadsregionerna är konkurrensen mellan de olika fastighetsmäklarbyråerna mycket stor. Vad är det då som får nya aktörer att försöka slå sig in på dessa marknader..

The purpose of this report is to document the experiments carried out, methods used and results gained during research into how the silicon content of an aluminium alloy affects the coefficient of thermal Expansion (CTE).The goal of this paper is to better understand and to find a relation between silicon content and the coefficient of thermal Expansion.Experiments were carried out using carefully prepared samples of Al Si alloys (0, 7, 10 and 20% Si content). Using these alloys, the CTE could be measured using a dilatometer.Comparative analysis carried out could map the effects of silicon content on the coefficient of thermal Expansion and an equation was created. Using simple graphs and the rule of mixture method, the authors were able to build a simple tool for calculating the CTE of specific aluminum silicon alloys..

The purpose of this thesis is to make a comparative literary study of ten laboratory experiments with different kind of sources for query Expansion terms. The experiments are grouped according to categories of term sources, which are: search results, collection dependent knowledge structures, collection independent knowledge structures and one that combines the two last mentioned sources into one. To enable a comparison all other variables were held as constant as possible. There is the improvement measured in mean average precision, which is used to measure the various sources potential. The result from the study shows a strong connection between the kind of source for the Expansion term and improvement of the result.

In information retrieval there is a problem with ambiguous words. To solve this problem word sense disambiguation WSD is used. Few studies combining information retrieval and word sense disambiguation have been conducted with Swedish words. The purpose of this thesis has been divided in two. The first purpose was to examine Swedish information retrieval and disambiguation in the query phase.

This thesis examines the effects of proximity operators and query Expansion with synonyms on retrieval performance. The queries were expanded with synonyms and structured with proximity operators where the permitted distance between terms varied from 1 to 3. The Expansion terms were selected from the online lexical reference system WordNet. Initial query terms were selected from 28 topics that contained compound words and were chosen on the basis of their expandibility. The English morphological analyser ENGTWOL was used for normalization of query terms.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how thesauri constructed with latent semantic indexing LSI are performing when used for query Expansion. There is a well-known problem with synonymy in information retrieval and one solution to this problem is to use a thesaurus. In this thesis thesauri are created automatically to find statistically related words and not only synonyms. LSI is a method that uses singular value decomposition SVD to reduce dimensions in a matrix and find latent relationships between words. We constructed nine thesauri and used them for query Expansion in a Swedish database, GP_HDINF.

The first official Islamic bank was established in 1975. The characteristic of an Islamic bank is that the bank is based on an interest free system. The interest free system is a requirement for an Islamic bank. The Islamic bank system is based on Sharia laws which are laws that are followed by Muslims and it is based on the text from the Quran. The Islamic Banks had a rapid Expansion between 1993 and 2003, the Expansion was about 23 percent and since 2003 have the Expansion been about 20 percent.