Pupil achievement and behaviour in schools was earlier seen as given by socioeconomic and biological factors. But since the late 1970s the school Effectiveness research has come to give school factors a much greater role for pupils? attainments. Research has shown that schools´ pedagogical and social climate, which is to be seen as a complex product of deeply felt values and norms held by school principals and teachers and developed through practical actions, can explain variations in Effectiveness between schools. Effectiveness is here to be seen as a higher mean cognitive and non cognitive student outcome than is expected with regard to initial attainment or family background.

Previous research about contextual effects on advertising has mainly focused on the editorial context, while advertisements' broader context has been overlooked. This paper aims to take a broader perspective on advertisement context. Its purpose is to get an understanding on how physical exercise influence the Effectiveness of print advertisements, and furthermore to look at the effects of thematic incongruence between ad and the physical environment. We hypothesize that physical exercise increase ad Effectiveness through affective priming and that thematic incongruence is beneficial for ads' Effectiveness, especially after training when awareness about the environment is higher. A 2×2 experiment was conducted in a gym, where each respondent was exposed to either an incongruent or less incongruent ad, before or after physical exercise.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the music downloading service Musikwebb regarding its indexing and retrieval Effectiveness. This was done by performing various kinds of search in the system. The outcome of these searches were then analysed according to the criteria specificity, precision, recall, exclusivity and authority control. The study showed that Musikwebb had several flaws regarding its retrieval Effectiveness. The most prominent cases were the criteria exclusivity and specificity.

The study examines how efficiency and Effectiveness are measured in charity organizations in Sweden. The rules of Svensk Insamlingskontroll, Årsredovisningslagen and Bokföringslagen make up the accounting framework upon which efficiency and Effectiveness are measured in charity organizations. The study is based upon interviews with the sector's main actors: Svensk Insamlingskontroll, Frivilligorganisationernas insamlingsråd, auditors and the charity organizations themselves. The interviews are supplemented by studies of the guidelines issued by Svensk Insamlingskontroll. Today's measure of efficiency is the percentage of a charity organization's income that benefits their goals, called nyckeltalet.

The purpose of this study was to collect Swedish normative datafor Lundamaterialet for children aged 3:0-4:5 years. Another aim was toexamine the Effectiveness of the test; if it elicits adequate responses fordeciding if a child has acquired a specific language structure or not.Normative data was collected for 195 children with typical languagedevelopment. Participants were recruited from pre-schools in themunicipalities of Göteborg, Mölndal, Härryda and Skövde. This studypresents normative data for 79 children constituting the three youngest halfyeargroups. Results show that the children had acquired more than half ofthe investigated phonological and grammatical structures and that the olderchildren had acquired more structures than the younger ones.

Inspired by the current debate over the Effectiveness of Public Relations (PR), the authors of the following thesis have sought to analyze how PR and advertising differ in terms of how they affect consumers. The subject of the thesis was chosen due to the lacking knowledge of how PR shapes consumer attitudes and intentions. The authors wish to upset the institutionalized myths which dominate in the PR-business. One example of such a myth is that the Effectiveness of PR can be measured by the number of press releases an activity produces and that PR?s superiority over advertising is due to its higher trustworthiness.

The aim of this paper is to examine, by means of a quantitative method, whether using a Swedish athlete endorser in a sports advertisement will increase its Effectiveness. We examine which characteristics an athlete endorser needs to be able to make people form a positive attitude towards the athlete endorser and thereby make him or her successful in advertising. We also look into whether an interest in sports can affect the advertisement Effectiveness when using a Swedish athlete endorser. The results show that a well-liked Swedish athlete endorser generates highest ad Effectiveness and that the most important characteristics that contribute to form a positive attitude towards an athlete endorser are trustworthy, physical attractiveness, success in sports and ?successful in respondent?s mind?.

Private state aid enforcement with respect to below market value transactions carried out by Swedish municipalities ? A study on the conformity of Swedish procedural and substantial rules with the principle of Effectiveness of EC law Recently in Sweden, several local governmental entities (municipalities) have engaged in commercial transactions that, essentially, have been aimed at transferring the ownership of public services ? for example schools and local medical care centers ? to private undertakings. A few of these transactions have been declared by Swedish administrative courts to constitute illegal below market value transfers of public resources. The essay seeks to determine whether the Swedish national provisions that govern legal claims based on the directly effective Art. 88(3) of the EC Treaty, are compatible with the principle of Effectiveness, i.e.

En Effectiveness-studie undersökte effekten av Dugas och Robichauds (2007) behandlingsmodell för GAD på en specialistmottagning för patienter med komplicerade ångest och eller depressionstillstånd. Utöver detta undersöktes vilka övriga KBT-behandlingar för GAD som förmedlats på mottagningen. Alla patienter behandlades som en del av klinikens ordinarie verksamhet. Huvudutfallsmått var Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) som mättes före och efter behandling. Därutöver mättes även grad av depressiva besvär med PHQ-9 samt grad av klinisk remission efter behandling.

Although English is commonly used in Swedish advertising, little is known about its effects. The purpose of this paper was to investigate how a Swedish or English language choice in product advertisements affects the Effectiveness of the ad. Further, a local/global dimension of the advertisement was created to investigate how the results differ for local and global brands. Subsequently, an experiment was conducted where the effect of language choice on several well-established measures of ad Effectiveness such as awareness, comprehension of the ad message, credibility, attitude and buying intentions was analyzed. In line with previous research, English in product advertisements is not completely comprehended since English is not the local language in Sweden.

The idea of bringing mindfulness into organizations has become increasingly popular. While previous research has shown positive effects of mindfulness practice in individuals, consequences of introducing mindfulness in organizations remain largely unexplored. This thesis examines those consequences through a qualitative study. We conducted semi-structured interviews with members of two case companies. Based on the effects which mindfulness has been shown to have on individuals, our analysis was especially focused on the areas of efficiency, Effectiveness and organizational culture.

Despite narrative advertising being an increasingly popular strategy among brands today, little research has examined the different expressions of repetition variation strategy in comparison to its alternative, argumentative advertising. Still unexplained is whether the appreciation and recognition created from successful storytelling-based commercial campaigns is a result of execution or the format itself. This study aims to investigate four repetition variation strategies, three narratives and one argumentative, to determine which one is the most effective and also which one that generates the highest advertising equity. An experiment was conducted through exposing four groups of Swedish High School students to text-based advertising manuscripts customized after format, where each group was exposed to ads on two separate occasions. The result showed evidence of narrative advertising being easier to comprehend, which according to theory should lead to higher advertising Effectiveness.

The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors that drive efficiency and Effectiveness in technical development projects performed at A?F?s department of product development. In addition to identifying and analyzing these factors, the thesis also analyzes what needs to be taken in to account in order to implement a measurement system that is able to both monitor and control the identified factors.The thesis has been performed in a qualitative manner. It is based on interviews with people from several different technological companies, within different lines of business, all of which are customers to A?F?s department of product development.The results show that there are seven critical factors for project efficiency and Effectiveness.

The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors that drive efficiency and Effectiveness in technical development projects performed at A?F?s department of product development. In addition to identifying and analyzing these factors, the thesis also analyzes what needs to be taken in to account in order to implement a measurement system that is able to both monitor and control the identified factors.The thesis has been performed in a qualitative manner. It is based on interviews with people from several different technological companies, within different lines of business, all of which are customers to A?F?s department of product development.The results show that there are seven critical factors for project efficiency and Effectiveness.

The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors that drive efficiency and Effectiveness in technical development projects performed at A?F?s department of product development. In addition to identifying and analyzing these factors, the thesis also analyzes what needs to be taken in to account in order to implement a measurement system that is able to both monitor and control the identified factors.The thesis has been performed in a qualitative manner. It is based on interviews with people from several different technological companies, within different lines of business, all of which are customers to A?F?s department of product development.The results show that there are seven critical factors for project efficiency and Effectiveness.