Background Calprotectin is a protein expressed in the cytoplasm inside the neutrophile granulocytes. During inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the neutrophile granulocytes are involved in a complex interaction at the inflammatory area where they die and release their content into the intestinal lumen. Therefore, calprotectin in stool is a suitable marker for diagnosis and measurement of the disease-activity in patients with IBD. The most commonly used method to detect calprotectin in stool is ELISA, but the process of manual preparation of stool samples is time-consuming.Aim The objective of the study was to evaluate an extraction method that could replace manual preparation of fecal samples and to compare different methods for measuring Calprotectin in stool using two ELISA-methods from two manufacturers and one rapidtest.Methods For extraction of calprotectin from stool samples we used sample collector tubes from Epitope Diagnostics and fecal preparation kits from Roche. Two different ELISA-kits for measuring calprotectin concentration in stool were compared.

The aim of our thesis was to describe how the connection between co-dependent relatives and the alcohol-dependent influences the family into changes in their teamwork.Our purpose was also to answer the following questions: How is it living with an alcoholic? Are there any differences in how men and women feel and behave in their relationship with an alcoholic? Are factors like cultural belonging, genre or social class important for how the co-dependent relatives feels and behaves and handle their co-dependency?To answer these questions we made twelve thematic qualitative interviews with six adult children to alcoholics and six people married to alcoholics. We compared the results of these interviews with earlier research. We also applied System Theory and Goffman's Role Theory, as well as Bourdieu´s Capital and Habitus concept.We believe that co-dependency is a family divergence that is very similar to family disease, but that a change in attitude can trigger recovery. According to the interviews many spouses stand by their alcoholic husbands and do actions that perpetuate the alcoholic dependence and thereby hold back any recovery.

This essay examines a small selection of Swedish newsreel and documentary short films, primarily travelogues, produced shortly before and after the second world war. The general aim is to expose differences in the representation of ?The Other? and the ?ethnic Swede? by applying a critical discourse analysis. The purpose is to illuminate how the material positions the latter as the norm and then contextualize this with xenophobic currents that had developed up until the middle of the twentieth century. Theoretical and methodological framework is drawn from the field of cultural studies as well as the nonfiction film.

Idag, nästan 40 år efter att Miljonprogrammet stod klart, är renovering och ombyggnation av fastigheterna högaktuellt. White Arkitekter har som ett led i detta tilldelats ett renoverings- och ombyggnadsprojekt i Norra Stockholm som innefattar två fastigheter uppförda under Miljonprogrammet.Detta examensarbete behandlar återvinning av de befintliga plåtfasaderna på ovannämnda fastigheter. White Arkitekter vill undersöka möjligheterna att genom återvinning använda ursprungsmassan för tillverkning av nya fasader i perforerad plåt till samma fastigheter. Syftet är att redovisa materialets livscykel med hänsyn till miljön samtidigt som anknytningen till Miljonprogrammet bevaras.För att besvara frågeställning har en bit av fasadplåten undersökts i syfte att identifiera plåtmaterialet. Genom att ta reda på plåtens densitet har aluminium fastställts som material.

Abstract The IT- business is a fast growing business trade. This expansive line of business continuously demands flexibility both economically and legally. It is, today, of great importance to have knowledge about your own trade especially when it comes to new agreements. Laws and regulations are seldom flexible and adaptable tools, this is due to the fact it takes time to create new laws and, above all, it takes time to create laws with the right effect. This is where standard agreements enter the scene.

This study has been conducted with the purpose to examine the marketing effects of waiting lines on the customer- and brand experience. Our ambition has been to describe how the waiting line can be used to heighten the positive experiences. The study has had a qualitative, as well as an inductive approach towards the subject. The study is mainly based on nine interviews with a total of ten respondents employed at nine different companies relevant to the subject. In the final chapter of this study we present our results and conclusions..

The empirical data that lies behind this survey comes from field work between 1992 and 1995. This field work represents work I made myself as a sales-man for the company, Malmberg Original Water. The task was to implement the Malmberg mineral water brand on the restaurant market of the South-Swedish area. Our aim was to reach the upper-scale, premium market of restaurants. The mission was successfully completed, and at 1996 we had completed the position as the most exclusively positioned mineral water brand in Skåne (Southernmost Sweden).

Stena Line är ett av världens största färjerederier och de har ett stort internationellt samarbete.Den här uppsatsen syftar till att skapa bättre förståelse för sociala effekter av Stena Lines etablering i hamnstaden Gdynia. För att uppnå vårt syfte lade vi fokus på följande sociala effekter: lokal stolthet och gemenskap, samhällets värderingar och tradition och interkulturell förståelse.För att kunna ta reda på vilka sociala effekter som Stena Lines närvaro skapar i Gdynia har vi i föreliggande uppsats valt att undersöka olika institutioner som är förknippade med turism. Vi valde de platser som ofta besöks av skandinaviska turister. Studien har genomförts genom kvalitativa intervjuer. Den belyser olika intressenters perspektiv på staden Gdynia.

The virus-mediated disease Rift Valley fever (RVF) was discovered during an outbreak in Kenya in the 1930s. Since then it has spread to most parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, and in the last decades several outbreaks have caused economic and health issues in Africa, Yemen and Saudi-Arabia. The disease mainly affects domestic livestock, causing abortions, but is also a zoonosis. To be able to control the spread of the disease it is important with surveillance for better knowledge about the distribution and virus circulation even in inter-epidemic/epizootic periods. The human population is growing, and people and their livestock constantly move closer to areas with wild animals which act as reservoirs for different viruses. Also, humans and their animals often get within reach for arthropod vectors, hosting or carrying viruses.

High quality within a Lean production system begins with standardised work, which creates stable processes able to generate predictable output. If nonconformity from the standard procedures occurs, routines are needed to analyse, correct and prevent the nonconformity from occurring again. In that way, the nonconformity can be a trigger for continuous improvements toward more stable processes. In takted production lines, where the operator follows a standard sequence with tasks set to be completed within the takt time, a nonconformity leads to downtime in the operator?s sequence, and no value is added.

The objective of this study is to understand how people with psychiatric diseases who are enrolled at a psychiatric clinic experience the recovery process and which internal motivations and external factors influence the process. The study is based on interviews with five people who have been enrolled at a psychiatric clinic. Another aim of the study is to understand how the importance of the outpatient care for the personal recovery and the improvement opportunities of the support from the rehabilitation unit that the interviewees see. The study is qualitative and abductive approach was chosen. This means that the study is based on empirical data supported by established theories.

As a part of the fight against the global warming the energy production needs to be more efficient and redirected towards sustainable options. One alternative is cogeneration, which means that electricity and heat is produced in one plant. The purpose with this survey is to examine if there are any commercial available combined heat and power techniques, based on combustion of solid moist biomass, which are suitable to small-scale applications. The technique must be able to produce between 2 and 10 MW thermal and the heat demand is a Swedish district-heating system. When already published reports had been studied, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) was chosen as the most suitable technique.

The aim of this Master?s Thesis is to find out whether bibliotherapy, in an unspokenform, is practiced in already existing group formations to be able to determine how practicalbibliotherapy can be seen in a Swedish context and thereby open the possibility for development.To fulfil this purpose I decided to do a case study on a nearby book reading circle for adultchildren of drug addicts. I made three qualitative interviews; two of the mentioned book readingcircle?s leaders and one participant/help leader. I used the following set of questions: What isincluded in the concept Bibliotherapy and how does that relate to practice? How has the bookreading circle examined in this case study proceeded, which methods were used and what kind ofliterature has been used and also what kind of effects did this reading circle have on itsparticipants.

During the autumn of 2010 a group of parents met together with two therapist at Mini Maria Hisingen. These parents did have children who had experience of using drugs. This study purpose´s to describe, analyze and understand what has been effective in the work together with this group of parents.The interrogative sentence is; Did we use a narrative approach and what impact did this approach had on the groupprocess? What did the group sessions contribute to the parents and would they recommend other parents to participate in similar sessions? All the sessions were recorded in video. The work was highly inspired by Michael White and his book Maps (2007).

Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att utforska hur andningsmuskelträning har studerats hos vuxna personer med KOL, stadium 1-4, avseende använda effektmått, teoretiskt perspektiv och metodologi. Detta för att få en ökad förståelse för hur andningsmuskelträning kan användas i det kliniska arbetet, samt att vid framtida forskning kunna genomföra studier av god metodologiska kvalitet som kan ge generaliserbara resultat och ökad säkerhet kring behandlingens användningsområden.Metod: Litteraturöversikten inkluderade studier som var publicerade efter att litteratursökningen till Cochrane-rapporten ?Breathing exercises för chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? stängdes (april 2012). Elva studier inkluderades från databaserna PubMed, Cinahl, Pedro, AMED, SweMed+ och PSYCInfo med sökorden: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, breathing exercises och respiratory muscle training.Resultat: Studierna visar att andningsmuskelträning i kombination med fysisk aktivitet har ett positivt värde för personer med KOL. Detta med avseende på funktionell fysisk kapacitet, lungfunktion, hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, samt minskning av antalet exacerbationer.