Med IP-telefoni innebär det att samtalet delas upp och transporteras till största del med hjälp av små IP-paket via Internet istället för via det fasta telefonnätet och tekniken har växt sig större och större bara under de senaste åren. Många företag och privatpersoner har redan valt att gå över från den fasta telefonin till IP-telefoni och i slutet av 2005 fanns det 210 000 stycken abonnemang för IP-baserad telefoni i Sverige, vilket motsvarar en ökning med 159 % jämfört mot 2004.Syftet med ett byte till en ny teknik handlar oftast om att det aktuella alternativet för med sig flera fördelar jämfört med det gamla, men för det mesta uppstår det även nackdelar som måste beaktas och så även för IP-telefoni. En stor fördel med IP-telefoni är att det kan bli billigare för privatpersoner att ringa med IP-telefoni än med det fasta telefonnätet medan en av de stora nackdelarna är att det inte går att ringa med IP-telefoni vid strömavbrott. På lång sikt kan detta innebära ett nätsäkerhetsproblem eftersom IP-telefoni troligtvis kommer att utgöra en större del av marknaden i framtiden.Trots en stor marknadsföring av IP-telefoni så har jag en hypotes som lyder att privatpersoner har hört talas om IP-telefoni men är inte medvetna om de fördelar respektive nackdelar som finns vid ett byte till IP-telefoni. Dessutom tror jag att IP-telefoni är mer ett alternativ för yngre privata telefonianvändare än äldre.Den nyaste formen av IP-telefoni fungerar som så att det analoga talet kodas om till digitalt format med hjälp av en Analog Telefon Adapter (ATA) som är kopplad till bredbandsanslutningen.

Swedish farmers have the possibility to be subsidized by EU rural development programme for grazing animals on pastures to promote the biodiversity of flora and fauna. The environmental remedy sometimes does not allow supplementary feed and at the same time the Swedish Animal Welfare Act and the Swedish Agricultural Board?s regulations for animal welfare and protection states that animals, in this case horses, shall be fed with food of good quality and adapted for the species. The regulations also state that they should have an individual feeding regime that enables them to maintain a normal body condition. The aim with this master thesis has been to investigate if it is possible to keep Gotland ponies on extensive pastures, during late spring and summer and still maintain animal welfare. The horses were assessed every fourth week using a welfare assessment protocol developed in line with the Welfare Quality® project (submitted, Viksten et al) where physical, behavioural and resourcebased parameters were observed. Twelve one-year old stallions of the breed Gotland ponies purchased from different breeders were used in the study.

ABSTRACT Introduction: During the past 40 years the ambulance service in Sweden has evolved from mainly being a source of transport to today?s high-tech caring facilities that enable qualified care to start already in the patient?s home. This first level of care is now provided by registered nurses and registered nurses with specialist training in pre hospital care.At the same time as the care provided is becoming more advanced, results from studies demonstrate that the amount of dispatches to patients that lack the need for ambulance care and transport is increasing. Nurses in pre-hospital care possess the knowledge, training and authority to perform an initial assessment of patients and also treat patients according to local and national guidelines. After the treatment it would sometimes be possible for the patients to remain at home without having to use ambulance transport to an emergency department or in other cases find other means of transport to hospital.

The aim of the study was to investigate whether the sedation method had an effect on the screening result for hip dysplasia (HD). Another aspect considered was if the dog?s weight had an impact on the results. This study was a follow up on the results from an earlier study of sedation routines in Swedish dogs. The breeds included in this study were the same as in the earlier one; German shepherd, Bernese mountain dog, Boxer, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Saint Bernard, Golden and Labrador Retriever.

The majority of all collie owners in Sweden are satisfied with their dog and choice of breed and may well consider having another one. This was found in a survey that collie owners who owned a collie between the years 1999-2009 had the opportunity to fill in from May to December 2010. In the questionnaire there were three questions included where the owners could answer whether they were satisfied or not with their dog. These questions were: * Do you think the temperament of your dog is well suited for your way of life and the goal you have with your dog? * Would you be willing to get another dog in the future? * If you were to get another dog, would you consider a rough collie? When the answer to these three questions were compared with the dogs behavior, as described in the other questions in the survey, it seemed that it was mainly the fearfulness of the dog that differed between owners who were satisfied with their dogs and those who were not.

The global wood pellet market has seen a rapid growth after the adoption of the Kyoto protocol and the renewable energy incentives created within the European Union. The global consumption of wood pellets reached 13,5 million tonnes in 2010 and several experts estimate the consumption to be between 35-50 million tonnes by 2020. These forescasts raise the questions which regions that can supply this vast amount of wood pellets and what the conditions are for producing it. This study evaluates the conditions for wood pellet production and export from British Columbia, on Canada?s west coast, focusing on existing industry structure, raw material supply and the distribution chain.

The purpose with this study was to analyze the possibilities to produce organic lambs and to hihglight the most common difficulties in such a production system. A description of current organic and conventional lamb production systems was conducted, both from Sweden and from some other countries. The Department of Animal Environment and Health at SLU in Skara performed the project together with The County Board of Agriculture in Västra Götaland and Värmland and The Swedish Animal Health Service. The project lasted from 2002 to 2004. The student report contains the years 2002 and 2003. In the year of 2003 there were 210 000 adult sheep in Sweden, of which 16 400 adult sheep were certified by KRAV. Of the different countries in Sweden, Västra Götaland and Gotland had the largest number of sheep, 14 and 13 per cent of the total number.