Industries with energy costs as a large proportion of their total costs are greatly affected by the instruments deployed to cope with the Swedish climate and energy policy goals. With energy costs representing more than 30 % of the total costs, tomato cultivators are one of the affected industries. In order to remain competitive with other countries, a more resource- and cost-efficient cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses is desirable in Sweden. Based on the concept of industrial symbiosis, this study investigates the prerequisites for a resource-efficient production of locally grown tomatoes in Sweden through the utilization of low grade industrial Waste heat. The study is based on the foundry industry as the supplier of Waste heat.To investigate the environmental, technical and economic potential of the exchange of Waste heat, a comparative life cycle assessment, an inventory of the supply of industrial Waste heat in Sweden, a compilation of potential technologies for the recovery of low grade industrial Waste heat for heating greenhouses and a comparative life-cycle cost calculation were carried out.

The purpose of the thesis is to compare Sweden's and Great Britain's total costs for their systems regulating producer responsibility for Waste packages. Producer resonsibility is a strategy implying that producers are responsible for their Waste also after its use. Sweden and Great Britain introduced different systems systems after an EU directive was adopted in 1994 (94/62/EC), and they have resulted in entirely different recycling levels in the two countries. In the Swedish system, responsibility has been delegated to the industry who are responsible for reaching the determined goals. The economic instrument used is a fee, set and managed by the industry. The British system is more centrilised, and the economic instrument used to finance recycling of Waste is a system based on transferable permits. The thesis compares the four different alternatives: delegated and centralised methods, and fees and transferable permits analytically.

Hållbar utveckling är en vision som hela världen eftersträvar att uppnå. Hushållsavfallshanter-ing är ett sätt för att uppnå en hållbar samhällsutveckling. Bra kunskap, information och sam-verkan mellan olika aktörer är ytterst nödvändigt för att kunna uppnå en hållbar samhällsut-veckling. Syftet med fallstudiet är att kartlägga en del av stadsdelen Augustenborg i Malmö för att se över hur hushållsavfallshantering fortskrider. Det är även vårt syfte att identifiera möjligheter och hinder för en ökad källsortering i området.

People of the modern world consume more than they ever used to do. Because of the close correlation between consumption and the amount of Waste, the Waste volume is also expected to increase. The purpose of this study is to examine if some measures in the recycling process from Sweden could be implemented in Indonesia. In fact, Indonesia is one of the countries in which the Waste management system is struggling. Tetra Pak, one of the world leading producer of food packaging, is studied in this report.

The purpose of this report is to increase the awareness about the problem that occur when the Waste hierarchy is applied to management of contaminated land. The work with remediation of contaminated land in Sweden is part of the efforts towards reaching the national environmental objectives. Therefore a subsidiary aim is to analyze how this influences the prospects of reaching the objectives. The work consists of two parts; a case study and a comparative literature study that focus on England, the Netherlands and Sweden. The case study is intended to provide a practical perspective through a comparison of the climate impact from two methods.

Background: The demand for sending letters, in the traditional aspect, has decreased because of electronic sources which have replaced a big part of letter communication. The Postal Service constantly strives for lowering costs and due to the changeable demand, a greater awareness is required regarding recourses and their usage. The previously mentioned measures in combination with commonly occurring quality issues during the collective process at the letter terminal in Alvesta would be improved by applying a lean-perspective to the process. A first step towards saving of time is to apply the ?value stream mapping?-method on the collective process for small and large letters.Purpose: To map the process of collection for small and large letters to be able to identify Waste of recourses and furthermore give suggestions on how the Postal Service would be able to reduce the Waste of recourses identified.

As a small and land scarce country, effective Waste management is ofoutmost importance in Singapore. In this study the production of biogasthrough anaerobic digestion from the organic fraction of municipal solidWaste (OFMSW) was compared to incineration of the Waste. At the momentalmost all of the OFMSW in Singapore is incinerated. Three differentscenarios were compared to the reference scenario (incineration): one with alarge scale biogas plant that can treat half of all OFMSW in Singapore, onewith a medium scale biogas plant about 15 times smaller than the large oneand one with a small scale biogas plant that can treat Waste from e.g. ashopping center or a food center.By using life cycle assessment (LCA) the different scenarios were comparedin terms of global warming potential (GWP), acidification, eutrophication,energy use and land use.

The concept of sustainable development has been pervasive in recent years and many organizations choose to implement sustainability and adapt their activities accordingly. The purpose of this study have been to explore how a collaboration on the use of Waste materials may look to analyze what influences cooperation. A case study has been carried out examining a Swedish state regional project aimed at creating partnerships between actors and utilizing textile Waste with the help of design. The study was conducted using qualitative methods and the collection of data has been done through interviews and by examining documents. The results show that there are seven key factors that affect cooperation: expectations, commitment, internal communication, a strong non-profit actor, individual treatment, personal networks and the diversity of actors.

The aim of this essay is to examine the handling of plastic Waste on a local level in the three municipalities of Gothenburg, Malm? and Stockholm. This is achieved with the help of guidance within the theory of Multi-level Governance. By applying the EU directive 2019/904, about disposable plastic, and examining the global plastic problem, the efforts to promote sustainable use, and recycling of plastic, is analyzed. The method involves a qualitative content analysis, where the 2022 Waste plans of the three municipalities, ?Sveriges handlingsplan f?r plast? by the Government Office, and the 2019/904 EU directive constitutes the base of the study.

Detta arbete handlar om vad ett va?letablerat fo?retag skulle kunna go?ra med sitt restmaterial. Vi vet att det idag finns en ma?ngd fo?retag som jobbar fo?r att minska sitt restmaterial och ha?r presenteras fo?rslag pa? vad man kan go?ra med det som a?nda? uppkommer. I arbetet presenterar vi fo?rst hur vi ga?tt till va?ga fo?r att samla in va?r information, alltsa? hur va?r forskning gjorts.

Every year 67000 tons of food is Wasted by Swedish retail stores. The Waste implies financial losses for the retailer and it has a huge impact on the global environment. Reducing in-store food Waste is thus a win-win situation for both retailers and society. The most effective way to reduce Waste is primarily by optimizing the logistics of supply, but customers expect a store with a wide range of products and stuffed shelves. Thus there will always be products about to expire.

This thesis has identified and studied measures to allow for reduced use of electricity in a Waste incineration plant in western Sweden. The energy extracted from the Waste at the powerplant is utilized and sold in form of electricity and heat. Technical and environmentally the combined heat and power plant is by today's standards among the leading Waste incineration plants in the world. The owners are constantly striving to improve the efficiency of the Waste incineration plant. They have seen the opportunities for savings in reducing internal usage of electricity.

A variety of food is produced and passes the whole chain by processing, transport and trade and finally it ends up with the consumer. But in many cases, the food is disposed before it is eaten. Some of the produced food does not even pass the whole entire chain before it turns to Waste. The question about food Waste in debates is a case of access to food for every human beeing. It is question of consumption of the resources, Waste management and an issue of environmental impact.

The Waste of material is a big expense for manufacture companies caused by lack of quality. The cost by lack of quality often totaled to a big percentage share of the turnover when all cost related to lack of quality is included. New manufacturing systems like Lean production or Just In Time demands better internal quality for the manufacturer. To make those manufacturing system with small and none buffer stock successful the quality improvement continuously have to be developed.Measuring of Waste of material in Bubs Candy?s factory where not simple due to the products does not have a permanent weight during the manufacturing process.

Storage of biomass is often associated with problems such as heat development, dry matter losses and reduction of fuel quality. The rise in temperature can potentially cause a risk of self-ignition in the fuel storage. Moreover, emissions from storage piles can cause health problems in the surrounding. The dry matter losses and reduction of fuel quality can have economical effects. The aim of this thesis project is to develop guidelines on how to store large amount of biomass at Vattenfalls heat and power plants in an optimal way.