The purpose of this study is to compare the energy related and environmental consequences of implementing optical sorting as a means of Waste collection with those of reducing food Waste. In addition to studying the possibility of implementing optical sorting in downtown Stockholm, the yielded amounts of energy from Waste collection and reduced wastage will be calculated. This is done by way of literature reviews and interviews. The amount of energy that can be generated through optical sorting and biogas production via anaerobic digestion in downtown Stockholm is 29-44 TJ/year, compared to 118 TJ/year saved by completely eliminating food Waste. The generated biogas can replace fossil fuels, but the required food Waste contributes to increased greenhouse gas emissions as well as reduced bio diversity and eutrophication during the Wasted food?s lifecycle.

Abstract (in English)During the last fifty years, the Waste in an average Swedish household has increased by about five hundred percent. In order to manage (eller take care of) all of this new Waste, Swedes need a method of facilitating the handling process. In this report, both the habits and needs among private households across Sweden are investigated, followed by a pertinent solution to the Waste problem. This solution is a container with two compartments, using the standarddimensions of a grocery store paper bag..

The purpose of this study has been to make an inventory of combustible Waste in the region around Norrköping and to investigate the composition of domestic Waste, industrial Waste and two different types of sludge. The work was performed at the request of Norrköping Miljö & Energi, due to the planning of an incineration plant. The inventory of the Waste was performed through inspection of environmental impact reports, from Waste disposal plants in a number of local government areas in the region. The quantities were also compared to another inventory, carried out in a different way. The characterisation of the Wastes was compared to the fuel specification determined by Norrköping Miljö & Energi.

This report deals with issues related to construction Waste. Building material that has not been built into the project is defined as construction Waste. Cost of construction Waste amounts to 4-12 % of the total cost of the project. Moreover, cost of construction Waste is 1-3 % of the production cost. The aim of this study is to increase knowledge about the main causes of Waste within the construction industry.

In the low-income countries of the world, rapid urbanization and decaying infrastructure results in an increasingly unsustainable situation when it comes to solid Waste management. Often, the solution tends to focus on introducing technical advanced interventions based on the conditions of the high-income world. However, this thesis aims to ?nd site-speci?c solutions on solid Waste management at a local scale. By taking in consideration of local conditions a customized approach is possible where the solution is not dependent on expensive structural changes.

The subject of this master level thesis in historical osteology, is a study of Waste management in the medieval town of Lund. The aims of the study is achieved through looking at the taphonomic aspects of bonefragments from the quarter Blekhagen. The study is divided in two separate sections, one that is a litterature study of what is known about Waste management, and another one that contains a taphonomic and spatial analysis. Through examination of the taphonomic variables weathering, average weight and trampling and a spatial analysis, I am able to deduce that there are signs of controlled Waste management in the material. It is not possible to draw any general conclusions about Waste management in the medieval town however.

Environment and sustainable development are very current topics in today's society, bothnational and international. The government's bill 2004/05:150 ?Swedish environment objectives - a common commission? contains several environmental quality objectives, that in turn is divided up in smaller secondary objectives. One of the secondary objectives says: ?Latest year 2010 shall at least 35% of the food Waste from households, restaurants, largescale kitchens and shops be recycled through biological treatment.

Food Waste from grocery stores - An analysis of municipal management inSweden and a detailed study of the situation in Umeå municipalityThe objective of this thesis was to analyze the municipal management of food Waste fromgrocery stores in Sweden in general and in Umeå municipality in particular. Furthermore theobjective was to account for the different Waste treatment methods that can be used and toevaluate them from an environmental perspective. In order to analyze the municipalmanagement a survey was sent to all of the municipalities/municipal Waste companies inSweden. A general comparison of treatment methods was carried out on the basis of ascientific review and a system analysis was performed in order to compare three differenttreatment alternatives for the food Waste generated in grocery stores in Umeå. The surveyshowed that the legal definition of food Waste from grocery stores is unclear and variesbetween municipalities.

This thesis was conducted at Mälardalen University in Västerås and Härjeåns Nät AB, mainly in Sveg. Härjeåns Nät AB is a network company that delivers electricity in Härjedalen municipality, Ånge Municipality, Ragunda and Bräcke municipality. The maintenance and dismantling of electricity and broadband networks generates a lot of Waste. The purpose of this work is to present proposals on the management of the Waste. The goal is that all of Härjeåns offices should have equal management for the Waste and an overview of how to manage the various Wastes.

This project operate an environmental assessment of total Waste was conducted by using a life cycle assessment (LCA), that examines the environmental benefits of recycling production Waste from Atlas Copco at Stena recycling. Atlas Copco is a company engaged in the development and production of rig-mounted hydraulic breakers and handheld air breakers and handheld motorized rotisserie. Stena recycling is a recycling company engaged in recycling, processing and refining of metals, paper, electronics Waste and hazardous Waste.The purpose of this study is to focus on Stena customer Atlas Copco and evaluate environmental benefits between to recycle and not to do it. The result shows that the total energy gain, resulting from the recycling of Waste fractions, lands at 6 990 089 MJ, corresponding to drive 3 times around the Equator with a truck (40 t). The result shows that recycling 3040 kg paper provides an energy gain of (38 600 MJ) compared with burning paper (19 500 MJ) is 19 100 MJ, which corresponds to heat a house for 11 weeks.

This thesis in social anthropology is based on a field study on the Internet exploring Tibetan identity. With a post-modern approach the thesis explores the possibility fora non-tibetan to create a Tibetan Internet identity and become a part of the Tibetan community that exist on the Internet..

Waste management is a major challenge for several countries around the world. Sweden and the Philippines have similar Waste management legalization but different potentials to effectively achieve the goal of sustainable Waste management. Education is the key to sustainable development and both countries promote the subject environment in the curriculum. Based on scientific articles, reports and personal meetings, a survey was conducted among 510 students from Gothenburg, Sweden and Iloilo City, Philippines. The survey aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding Waste management and was analyzed to answer questions of possible reasons to differences and also, linkages to sustainable development.

In October 2010 it was discovered that leach water had been released from a Waste deposit directly into a ditch during a period from March until October 2010. The river Dalhemsån runs close to the Waste deposit, just about 10 meters from the ditch. By studying the benthic fauna it was discovered that the environmental status of Dalhemsån is bad in this part of the river, but the discharges of leachate from the Waste deposit does not seem to have deteriorated the water further since May 2010..

One of the most common ways to produce heat and electricity in Europe today is by the incineration of Waste or combustion of coal. These materials can be very sulfurous and during combustion sulfur dioxide is produced. This is an environmental and health related toxic substance which is why power plants have strict regulations on removing it from the flue gas. Sulfur dioxide is removed from the flue gas by adding a limestone reagent. The sulfur dioxide reacts with the limestone and the synthetic product obtained is ?Flue Gas Desulfurization gypsum?.

The smelting process at Sapa Profiler AB in Sjunnen generates large quantities of Waste heat which is absorbed by the cooling water when the aluminum is cooled down. This paper is the result of a Master?s Degree Project aiming to present the conditions for recycling the Waste heat. The cooling water absorbs the heat from the aluminum at an average rate of 600 kW and the paper shows that it can be used to replace electrical power consumption for heating the production plant?s facilities.