Övervikt och fetma bland barn är ett stort folkhälsoproblem. Sjuksköterskan möter barnet i primärvården och inom skolhälsovården. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vad som kan påverka sjuksköterskans preventiva arbete mot övervikt och fetma bland barn i åldern 6-12 år. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 10 vetenskapliga artiklar utgjorde underlaget för resultatet. I resultatet framkom fyra kategorier av redskap som kan påverka sjuksköterskans preventiva arbete mot övervikt och fetma bland barn.

The development of productivity in the construction industry has long been at a steady state compared to the manufacturing industry. Studies have shown that, amongst other things, waste on construction sites can reach up to one third of the total production cost. This has been observed from different aspects, and change is forthcoming.This thesis aims to provide a foundation for an increased productivity at production sites of building bridges. It is primarily based on a field study at Skanska, at a bridge construction site near Grängesberg. Via continuous interviews with the whole production crew, construction workers and management, information on interference and possibilities of improvement at the work site has been documented.

The purpose of this essay has been to examine how the city of Helsingborg´s prevention of alcohol and drug use among youths is laid out. It has been of special interest to examine the youth centers (after school programs) preventive work with youths and its effects on frequency of alcohol and narcotics use among youths.The people we have interviewed are all involved in the three organizations: the youth centers, schools, and social services. The results showed that the youth center staff does not think that they work actively preventive against alcohol and narcotics. On the other hand, the staff at the youth centers points out that just keeping the youths in the neighbourhood and making them involved in the activities at the youth center, is preventary work. The staff at the social services points out that it is not the facilities that is part of the preventive work but the activities and the skill of the staff that is improtant for the youths..

Every year, approximately 700 000 individuals´ visit an emergency ward in Sweden as a result of injuries and to the emergency ward at Umea University hospital (NUS) about 12 000 injured arrive every year. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study that surveys injuries caused by crashes among 153 pedestrians and 53 bicyclists, who have been injured in a geographically well defined area during the period January to June 2009. The aim of this study is to survey injuries among pedestrians and cyclists and to examine what preventive measures could reduce these injuries in the Umeå municipality. The results show that falls caused by slipper surface are common among both pedestrians (71 %; n = 109) and bicyclists (32 %; n = 17). Almost one third of the pedestrians (34 %; n = 43) were in the age of 65 or older.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva arbetsterapeuters kliniska resonemang i folkhälsoarbetet inom primärvården. Den undersökta gruppen bestod av tio arbetsterapeuter med 1- 26 års yrkeserfarenhet. Arbetsterapeuterna intervjuades med en öppen frågeställning samt fick även berätta om ett patientfall. Intervju utskrifterna analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehålls analys. Analysen utmynnade i tre kategorier.

We were commissioned by Bulten Stainless AB to identify and analyze their customer order flow. Because the company had problems with delays in the production and deliveries to the customer, the task also included investigation of how the company work with prevention and management of delays. The purpose of the project also included to identify critical factors for effective order flow in smaller workshop companies.The information about the flow and how the work takes place within the company were collected through observations on the company and interviews with the staff. This information was used to draw maps over the customer order flow and to write a description of the current situation within the company. Both strengths and weaknesses of the companies work could be identified through analysis of the present situation.

The purpose of this degree-project was to investigate the possibilities for primary air preheating into the two smallest waste incineration boilers of Halmstad Energy and Environment. The investigation is a pre-study which has the primary goal to evaluate technical and financial offers from companies that manufacture primary air preheater, and investigate if it is technically and financially profitable to do a purchase on primary air preheaters in the future.In the pre-study it is proposed that it is most efficient to have individual primary air preheater, one for each incineration boiler and the primary air are also proposed to be preheated by hot water in the pre-study. Further in the pre-study it is proposed that the heat-exchanger should have plain tubes instead of finned tubes, to avoid getting dirty fast. The space in the boiler-room is limited, and therefore the major problem was to fit in the primary air preheaters into the boiler-room. By comparing the different offers from the companies, the result in the pre-study shows that the offer from the company C.A.

Bakgrund: En förutsättning för människans hälsa och välbefinnande är ett adekvat näringsintag. Malnutrition har visat sig vara ett stort problem i vården. Syfte: Belysa faktorer som kan vara av betydelse för att förebygga malnutrition. Metod: Litteraturstudie som bygger på femton vetenskapliga artiklar som granskades och kvalitetsbedömdes. Resultat: Artiklarna visade att faktorer som kunde vara av betydelse var sjuksköterskans grad av kunskap, attityder till omvårdnadsåtgärder, tidsaspekten samt användandet av screeningmetoder.

Bakgrund: Hälsoutgifterna i förhållande till BNP har i flera länder ökat, samtidigt som vissa länder uttryckt oro över att fokus på utgiftsrestriktioner har skadat prestationerna inom hälsosystemet. Utvecklingen inom den isländska hälsosektorn är densamma.Syfte: Denna studie syftar till att beskriva och behandla de huvudsakliga problem som den isländska hälsosektorn står inför, redovisa åtgärder och reformer som har utförts med tyngdpunkt i privatiseringsplanerna samt diskutera möjliga alternativ för framtiden.Genomförande: Studien genomfördes parallellt med praktik på Sveriges ambassad i Reykjavik, Island. Det har bidragit till att författaren disponerat över ett stort informationsunderlag vilket underlättat förståelsen för specifika isländska faktorer, attityder och levnadssätt.Resultat: Det är viktigt att isländska staten har klara definitioner gällande vilken rättvisa som skall finnas i hälsosystemet. Fondering och ökad prevention samt införande av en resultatorienterad budget samt att staten utformar ett väl fungerande system för kvalitets- och kostnadskontroll för att få till stånd en effektiv privatisering..

Denna uppsats behandlar den nu gällande amerikanska säkerhetsdoktrinen (NSS). Uppsatsensmålsättning är att undersöka om den gällande amerikanska säkerhetsdoktrinen tjänar sompreventionsmedel och som ett uttryck för statlig tvångsdiplomati. Säkerhetsdoktrinenanalyseras för att komma åt den nya säkerhetspolitiska paradigmen. Vidare preciserarrespektive undersöker uppsatsen den utslagsgivande säkerhetspolitiska kalkylen för attsäkerställa amerikanska nationella intressen och överväganden ur ett geostrategiskt perspektiv.Som metod för att undersöka frågeställningarna respektive uppsatsämnet används härvid enkvalitativ textanalys. Analysverktyget som används har tagits fram för att granska utrikes- ochförsvarspolitiska doktriner och tjänar därför uppsatsens syfte väl.

Cancer mammae är den mest förekommande cancerformen hos kvinnor världen över. Etiologin är för närvarande relativt okänd. I decennier har det förts en diskussion huruvida kost har ett samband med denna fruktade cancerform. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att sammanställa litteratur rörande omega 3 och omega 6 för att undersöka om det finns ett samband med cancer mammae. Litteraturstudiens metod grundar sig på Forsberg & Wengström (2010).

The aim of this review is to assess the ethical implications of aquaculture, regarding fish welfare and environmental aspects. The aquaculture industry has grown substantially the last decades, both as a result of the over-fishing of wild fish populations, and because of the increasing consumer demand for fish meat. As the industry is growing, a significant amount of research on the subject is being conducted, monitoring the effects of aquaculture on the environment and on animal welfare. The areas of concern when it comes to animal welfare have here been divided into four different stages: breeding period; growth period; capturing and handling; and slaughter. Besides these stages, this report includes a chapter on the current evidence of fish sentience, since this issue is still being debated among biologists.

The purpose of this study is to search and analyze different logics that operators use in the work of helping juvenile delinquents to break their criminal behavior. New institutional theory is used in this study to analyze the results. The study was conducted through qualitative interviews of six professionals in two municipalities which work with juvenile delinquency. There are two questions that we want to address in this study. The first one is what methods the social workers are using in two middle large municipalities to help youth to brake there criminal behavior.

The purpose of this degree-project was to investigate the possibilities for primary air preheating into the two smallest waste incineration boilers of Halmstad Energy and Environment. The investigation is a pre-study which has the primary goal to evaluate technical and financial offers from companies that manufacture primary air preheater, and investigate if it is technically and financially profitable to do a purchase on primary air preheaters in the future.In the pre-study it is proposed that it is most efficient to have individual primary air preheater, one for each incineration boiler and the primary air are also proposed to be preheated by hot water in the pre-study. Further in the pre-study it is proposed that the heat-exchanger should have plain tubes instead of finned tubes, to avoid getting dirty fast. The space in the boiler-room is limited, and therefore the major problem was to fit in the primary air preheaters into the boiler-room. By comparing the different offers from the companies, the result in the pre-study shows that the offer from the company C.A.

For most pupils homework is a natural part of school and their education and there are several providers of homework assistance: the pupil's parents, sibblings, friends, Internet forums, hired private tutoring, non-profit organisations and at times even the pupil's school. This study has investigated the use of the school-based homework assistance programme at the Upper Secondary School of Psychology in Stockholm and why the programme is not more frequently used by its pupils. The school offers homework assistance two hours each Thursday afternoon, with at least two teachers being present to tender for the school's 127 pupils. The cost of the programme has been estimated to approximately 12 500 Swedish kronor per week. Through the main use of a questionnaire given to both the school's students and teachers, as well as an interview with the school's headmaster, this study will show that despite receiving the opportunity few pupils take part of the programme on a regular basis.