The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

Stora materialmängder omsätts i byggsektorn, men en stor del restprodukter från byggande ochrivning hamnar på avfallsdeponi idag. Bygg- och rivningsavfallet är besvärligt att hantera och sorterapå grund av att mängden är stor, sammansättningen komplex och den innehåller många miljöfarliga ämnen.Syfte med examensarbetet är att ta reda på hur hanteringen av bygg- och rivningsavfall går till, vad som händer med avfallet efter att det har slängts, vilka olika faktorer som förekommer och hur avfallet kan återvinnas, återbrukas och på vilket sätt kan man förbättra hanteringen av avfallet på ett miljömässigt sätt.Examensarbetet består av två huvuddelar. Den teoretiska delen går igenom relevanta teorier ochinformation från litteratur och olika rapporter. I undersökningen tillämpas informationen från litteraturen och appliceras på de byggarbetsplatser och miljöföretag som valts att besökas.När det kommer till bygg- och rivningsavfall från olika företag kan det skiljas markant beroende påvar bygget ligger och vilket typ av arbete utförs. Det medför också hur stora massor som man slänger i olika containrar och om man har plast till alla containrar på det området som man befinner sig på..

Uppsatsen undersöker inledningsvis om FOI:s principer för kravformulering kan anses behöva kompletteras mot bakgrund av Försvarsmaktens behov och undersöker därefter kvalitén i några av flygvapnets kravunderlag relativt principerna för kravformulering. Av resultatet framgår att principerna kan behöva kompletteras med principerna prioritering och kontextuell beskrivning. Av fallstudiernas resultat framgår att kvalitén i flygvapnets kravunderlag relativt principerna för kravformulering generellt är låg, att den varierar mellan underlagen och att den i vissa fall är mycket låg i fråga om uppfyllnad av principerna. Uppsatsen rekommenderar att FOI:s principer för kravformulering utökas med principerna prioritering och kontextuell beskrivning. Vidare rekommenderas flygvapnet att öka kvalitén i framtida kravformuleringarna så att den militära nyttan av arbete med kravformulering även kan öka.

AbstractThe future of ethanol is depending on good solutions for the production. ENA energy power plant produces electrical power and district heating by heating biofuel. By building an integrated bioenergy plant surplus steam could be used to produce ethanol as fuel to vehicle.This would mean that ethanol is produced renewable energy and the energy for the process derives from the surplus of power.  ENA energy, MDH (the University of Mälardalen) and the energy authority has initiated a research project were different bioenergy combinations integrate with existing power plant.  As a part of the project which size an integrated factory should be to gain the best efficiency for the plant was investigated. Consideration will be taken to the cost of the production in order to be competitive to the price of imported ethanol.  Etanolens framtid vilar på bra lösningar för framställning.  I ENA energi kraftverk i Enköping produceras el och fjärrvärme genom eldning av biobränsle.  Genom att bygga ett integrerat bioenergikraftverk där skulle man kunna använda överskottsånga till att framställa etanol som fordonsbränsle.

 With the increases in fuel costs due to the depletion of the world oil reserves and the increase of greenhouse gasses as a consequence to using oil as a fuel many companies are looking to new and innovative ways to power their aircraft. One of these new ways to power an aircraft is using fuel cells powered using hydrogen and oxygen, thus producing nothing but water vapour and small amounts of nitrogen dioxide as well as trace amounts of other emissions. Both Boeing (1) and Politecnico di Torino (2) have shown that it is possible to build an all-electric aircraft powered by fuel cells. Both flights used small, two-seater aircraft and a constant between them was the loss of the co-pilot seat due to weight and lack of space. As this paper will deal with a commercial aircraft a primary concern is the cargo and passenger capacity and whatever impact switching propulsion system has on these.

By immersion in the situation of the food production today and a historical study of how past development has led us to this point, one goal of this essay is to discuss whether the current way of farming can be applied in a sustainable future. Another objective of the essay is to study the vision Vertical farming as an alternative approach, and to focus on different aspects of this phenomenon in order to provide as comprehensive a picture as possible.The paper, thus, seeks to broaden the views for alternative approaches regarding a well-established method which we often take for granted. The aim is also to initiate a discussion around the need to also take radical ideas in regard if we want to face the future in a sustainable manner. The method is a qualitative literary study where scientific articles and papers have been used to discuss the issues: why has the idea of Vertical farming arisen, what is Vertical farming and how is the Vertical Farm meant to operate? Does Vertical farming have a place in the sustainable city of the future? For a long time us humans lived as one with nature, in a symbiotic relationship in which we gave and took as a functioning part of an ecosystem.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

AbstractThe future of ethanol is depending on good solutions for the production. ENA energy power plant produces electrical power and district heating by heating biofuel. By building an integrated bioenergy plant surplus steam could be used to produce ethanol as fuel to vehicle.This would mean that ethanol is produced renewable energy and the energy for the process derives from the surplus of power.  ENA energy, MDH (the University of Mälardalen) and the energy authority has initiated a research project were different bioenergy combinations integrate with existing power plant.  As a part of the project which size an integrated factory should be to gain the best efficiency for the plant was investigated. Consideration will be taken to the cost of the production in order to be competitive to the price of imported ethanol.  Etanolens framtid vilar på bra lösningar för framställning.  I ENA energi kraftverk i Enköping produceras el och fjärrvärme genom eldning av biobränsle.  Genom att bygga ett integrerat bioenergikraftverk där skulle man kunna använda överskottsånga till att framställa etanol som fordonsbränsle.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

Equestrian sports and the interest in horses have existed for hundreds of years. It is only in the last thirty years the technological development have enabled closer studies of equine locomotion. The production of both soft- and hardware that manages to capture and analyze the fast movement of the horse has resulted in a large increase in locomotion research. Even though the interest in horses and the different disciplines they compete in is great, there is a small understanding in how the rider influences the movement of the horse in different types of training. There are several studies available where horses moving freely without the influence of a rider have been studied. What happens with locomotion and ground reaction forces when a rider and equipment are added is not well studied. The objective of this study was to investigate if there are any differences in the ground reaction forces between sitting and rising trot. The study contained seven horses. Six Grand Prix dressage horses and one dressage horse competing at intermediate level.

Sepsis (blodförgiftning) är ett allvarligt tillstånd och behöver en snabb diagnos som fastställs genom blodprov. Blodprov från hela Stockholms Län skickas till Karolinska Universitetslaboratoriet (KUL) för analys, där biomedicinska analytiker och läkare fastställer arten på infektionen och beslutar vilken antibiotikabehandling är optimal.Målet med arbetet var att identifiera eventuella problem som skapar flaskhalsar hos Klinisk Mikrobiologi i Solna som är en del av KUL. Därefter skulle lösningsförslag framföras och möjligheten att införa blodprover i ett nytt automatiskt system, BD Kiestra Total Lab Automation undersökas.Verksamhetskedjan för laboratoriet analyserades genom observationer och läsning av metodbeskrivningar. Utifrån verksamhetsanalysen identifierades sedan problem. En utbildning med BD Kiestra TLA gav en översikt av hur systemet fungerar samt fördelarna med att använda det.Genom litteraturstudier samt öppna intervjuer kunde förslag på lösningar och förbättringar framföras. Resultaten behandlar de lösningsförslagen för de identifierade problemen, och sammanfattas i en tabell. BD Kiestra TLA behandlades separat med en systembeskrivning, följt av de problem som finns för införandet av blodprov och hur dessa problem kan lösas..

This work has been carried out at a company in the region which has about 30000 employeeswith about 400 sites all over the world. The company outsources their network including theLAN refresh and the WAN migration. They needed help with an upgrade of their LAN at theirScandinavian headquarters and to find a new solution for their WAN. The reason why the upgradeof the LAN was needed was that the equipment was too old and did not pass the securityrequirements. They also required a solution to segment their LAN, which consisted of a singlelarge VLAN with 1,300 employees.