Consumer generated advertising is a new phenomenon in the landscape of communication. Tools such as the Internet enable the consumer to create and spread messages for brands without the permission or control of the brand owner. We carried out a quantitative experiment to investigate the effects of how companies choose to handle these activities as well as how expectations of these consumer generated ads differ from traditional advertising. The findings show that strong brands may benefit from these activities if handled the right way and the brand owner adapts it?s reaction to the content of the ad.

The environment became an established issue on the international political agenda after World War 2. How to preserve natural resources became an issue that concerned several powerful participants, affected by changed conditions in the environmental legislation. This paper is a study of the growing environmental work within the multinational Swedish corporations Boliden, IKEA and SAS and how it was affected by the globalization. The material studied is environmentally related information produced by the companies and also interviews with the Environmental Managers. The information provided has been analyzed and compared with well-known opinions of globalization, trying to find out how the process of globalization has affected the handling of environmental work within the companies.

Syftet med studien är att belysa barns åsikter och tankar kring kamratstödjarrollen. I studien har intervjuer med kamratstödjare i årskurs 1-6 genomförts och elever från årskurs 6 har besvarat en enkät. Materialet har sammanställts och utifrån litteratur och tidigare forskning analyserats. För att beskriva det sociala klimatet på skolan används socialpsykologi som en viktig hörnsten. Det som lyfts fram är barnens perspektiv vilket genomsyrar hela studien.

På grund av en ökad befolkningsmängd och nya tekniker som gör fler sjuka går att bota ställs nya krav på svensk sjukvård. Sjukvården måste möta de nya kraven med ett bättre effektivare resursanvändande och där till krävs nya förbättringsmetoder. Med influenser från industriell tillverkning har sjukvården omarbetat lean production för att skapa ett universellt förbättringsverktyg som lämpar sig för vårdorganisationer. Verktyget kallas lean healthcare och är omdiskuterat och dess effekter tvetydiga. Att undersöka om och hur värdeflöden i en akutmottagnings triage, som innebär en prioritering efter patienters allvarlighetsgrad, kan effektiviseras med hjälp av ett flödesorienterat arbetssätt som lean.

The Individual Program (within the continuation school) in Sweden is the third largest. Its purpose is that the students, who for some reason haven?t been able to be admitted to a National Program, shall get the chance to improve their possibilities to attend one. The difficulties the students, who are admitted to the Individual Program are carriers of, have a wide range. The purpose of the Individual Program is that no one should be excluded from any continuation school.

Femsjö is a small parish situated in Hylte municipality, Växjö diocese. The parish has a total area of 8230 ha of which 5000 ha are covered with forest. There have not been any large industries in the parish offering work opportunities for the inhabitants, so they have had to generate income from their land and the forest. Instead of going to the bank to get a bank loan the people of Femsjö parish went out in to the forest and harvested trees for timber and extra cash revenue. Production of pine tar and potash were two other ways that the residents of Femsjö parish could earn extra money for the household in order to keep starvation away.

Detta kandidatarbete utgår ifrån två stycken frågeställningar kopplade till feminism: ?Hur kan Simone de Beauvoirs feminism gestaltas i digitala spel?? och ?Vad finns det för typiska könsroller i dagens digitala spel??. För att svara på dess frågeställningar studerade vi de Beauvoirs bok ?Det Andra Könet?, utförde spelanalyser samt delade ut skriftliga intervjuer till spelare. Resultaten blev en prototyp till ett digitalt spel vars handling är en direkt inspiration ifrån utvalda kapitel från Simone De Beauvoirs bok ?Det Andra Könet?.

Discharge of inadequately treated waste water containing nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen as well as organic matter and bacteria is associated with a risk of eutrophication and contamination. The Swedish government has decided upon several Environmental Quality Objectives aiming to reduce the emissions of nutrients to water bodies.In Sweden, there are between 675 000 to 1 000 000 on-site sewage systems. Recent studies have shown that the function of small sewage treatment plants is in many cases insufficient. To prevent this regular service and supervision by a professional is needed. The focus of this study are small sewage treatment plants which use a technique where mechanical, chemical and/or biological reduction of pollutants is being used in the same facility to reduce nutrients in household wastewater.The aim of the study is to investigate how different municipalities ensure that small sewage treatment plants fulfill the requirements and reduce pollutants as efficient as the manufacturers claim.

Denna kvalitativa studie undersöker hur bildlärare arbetar med bildanalys i kursen Bild i gymnasieskolan. I målen för kursen Bild står det klart och tydligt att eleverna skall ha kunskaper i analys och tolkning av olika bilder. Jag har inte funnit någon tidigare forskning om hur bildlärare arbetar med bildanalys i bildundervisning överhuvudtaget och anser det vara av vikt att undersöka hur målen realiseras ute på skolorna. De metoder som används är litteraturstudier och strukturerade intervjuer med bildlärare verksamma vid det estetiska programmet. Studien visar på att det finns såväl likheter som skillnader i hur bildanalys brukas i bildundervisningen.

A new build in the Swedish nuclear power system would entail increased re-quirements for the proposed repository, which is adapted after the reactors of today. With a fast reactor, capable of burning nuclear waste, operating in parallel with the light water reactors, the increased requirements on the repository could be reduced.In this thesis, simulations of a light water reactor and a fast reactor have been performed by using the Monte Carlo code Serpent to investigate the changes in the fuel inventory. The light water reactor in the study is a boiling water reactor and the fast reactor of the type sodium-cooled fast reactor and they have been used for three different operation scenarios.By studying the fuel composition and the results from the simulations of the three scenarios conclusions can be drawn. Conclusions regarding the change of the fuel inventory and decay heat in Clab as well as the interim storage facility and in the repository. Depending on the operation alternative the changes dif-fered significantly and especially regarding the mass of burned actinides for different fuels in the fast reactor.The lowest increase of fuel assemblies was meet when using 50 years old fuel with 20MWd/kg U burnout and 2,0 % enrichment for start up of the fast reactor and 30 years old fuel assemblies with 50MWd/kg U burnout and 4,7 % enrichment for the further operation of the reactor.The increase of the number of fuel assemblies was 3174, which is equivalent to 641tons of heavy metal.

In Sweden, the eutrophication of lakes, water courses and the coastal areas is considered the major threat to aquatic ecosystems and therefore actions taken to reduce the nutrient load to aquatic system including the Baltic Sea has high priority. There are many different sources of phosphorous and nitrogen and domestic wastewater is one contributing factor to the high load. Especially waste water from households that is not connected to municipal sewage treatment or a local small scale plant with appropriate nutrient removal efficiency is considered a problem. These types of households are quite common in rural areas in Sweden and in areas where summer houses has been converted to permanent living. Swedish legislation now permit the municipalities to decide in which areas within the municipality higher demands of the local small scale treatment facility should be met by the households (i.e.

Hur arbetar regissörer och dramapedagoger med barn med ?personregi? - alltså med feedbacken som hjälper till att ett barn hittar ett uttryckssätt som är trovärdigt, ett sätt att spela som är livligt. Hur gör man och varför? Vad är det för en typ av handling, interaktion? Syftet med arbetet är att förstå och tydliggöra en ganska dold och mystisk verksamhet; att inspirera alla intresserade till utvecklat egen verksamhet; att lyfta fram en interaktion där barnen blir hjälpt till och värdesatt i deras spontana tillvaro.Arbetets metodik är inspirerad av ?grundad teori? och närmar sig den konkreta sociala interaktionen genom att föra öppen strukturerade samtal med regissörer och dramapedagoger som är verksamma i stora mest kommunala barn/ungdomsteater: Vår Teater/Kulturskolan, Enskedespelet, Sagateatern Lidingö, Ung teater Täby, Skara Skolscen samt Stockholms Stadsteater och Dramaten. Utifrån det material föreslås en systematisering av de olika metoder hur man arbetar som regissör med just personregi.

Deposited waste material degrades within a short period in anaerobic environments. The methane gas that is formed provides a harmful contribute to the greenhouse effect, 23 times larger impact than carbon dioxide. It is therefore desirable to minimize the emissions of methane gas from landfills. This may be achieved by drain the landfill of gas. In this thesis the amount of produced methane gas at the landfill at Örebro has been calculated. Estimations have also been made of the amount of methane gas that might be produced in the landfill in the future.

Denna kandidatuppsats utgör en komparativ studie av två vampyrkaraktärer, greve Dracula och Edward Cullen, utifrån Bram Stokers Dracula (1993) och Stephenie Meyers första roman i Twilightsagan, Twilight (2007). Jag vill försöka klargöra förändringar i skildringarna av vampyrkaraktärerna genom att jämföra hur dem skildras när det gäller utseende, liv samt beteende och handling och därefter finna likheter och skillnader vampyrkaraktärerna emellan utifrån dessa aspekter. Den komparativa studien bygger huvudsakligen på närläsning av romanerna eftersom jag endast ägnar mig åt att studera hur vampyrkaraktärerna skildras. Resultatet visar att det finns såväl likheter som skillnader när det gäller skildringarna av greve Dracula och Edward. Skildringarna av Dracula som en monstervampyr har förändrats, gått förlorade och likaledes bevarats när det gäller skildringarna av Edward som humanvampyr..

The essay discusses how to look at a equality plan of a academic department experiences the, gender equality in general and how power is portrayed from a gender perspective in the academic department. Through the use of qualitative interviews and a short survey the results have shown that few of the staff members have knowledge about the equality plan and few are familiar with its contents. Furthermore results show that the academic department is run hierarchyilly and that both vertical and horizontal gender segregation exists.The climate at the academic department is characterized by the will to work with gender equality but so far there have only been few exercised or planned efforts to do so. The gap between theory and practise is wide, the will to be seen as an equal academic department concerning equality of men and women seems important. The conscious or unconscious strategy of covering up the real gender equality seems to be done by focusing on the numerical equality..