The singing-voice ? Differences and similarities between male and female singing-voices in a pedagogical perspectiveThe primary purpose of the present study is to create a basis for a deeper understanding of the male singing-voice. Within the above purpose the present study also aims at comparing differences and similarities between the male and the female singing-voice, and examining possible pedagogical differences in teaching male and female singing students.The study is partly a literature study where existing studies in the field of the singing-voice are examined, in which the male singing-voice is described in relation to the female one. The study also comprises an interview study where four professional singing-teachers, two male and two female, are being interviewed according to an interview guide (see appendix A) focusing on pedagogical aspects of the male and the female singing-voice.The results of the study show that the anatomical functions of the singing-voice are the same whether you are male or female. This also holds true for the basic singing-technique which is the same for both sexes.

Syftet med studien är att få fördjupad insikt i hur sångpedagoger arbetar med musikteori i enskild sångundervisning på gymnasiet. I bakgrundskapitlet presenteras de rådande betygskriterierna inom ämnet Instrument eller sång I samt tidigare forskning och litteratur som har anknytning till studiens syfte. Jag har använt mig av kvalitativa intervjuer och har sedan analyserat materialet ur ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. Samtliga informanter har utbildning från musikhögskola och arbetar vid gymnasieskolans estetiska program. De beskriver sin syn på musikteori ur ett sångperspektiv, berättar hur de arbetar med musikteori i sin undervisning samt ger exempel på hur eleverna kan motiveras till lärande. Resultatet visar att alla informanter anser att musikteori och notläsningsförmåga är viktigt för elevernas musikaliska helhetsbild.

The purpose of this paper is to examine preschool educators conceptions on gender pedagogy. Based on preschool teachers own words, we want to get an insight into the use of gender in the curriculum in preschool classes. We also examine the conditions and setbacks of conducting a gender-sensitive educational way of working the curriculum.In order to examine our research question, we choose the method of qualitative interview, and previous research in the theory of gender pedagogy from a sociocultural perspective, in which social interaction is very important. We have interviewed five educators in preschool classes, all with similar educational backgrounds.In the results and analyses section the educators' definition of gender pedagogy is presented and how they take part in gender educational theories strategies. The result of the survey show that the importance of the educator?s own approach to and further education in, the subject matter, makes it possible to really understand the gender norms.

Title: Belting in teaching. A study of views and teaching-procedure.The purpose of this study is to map how the singing teachers at a Swedish college of music describe and implement the vocal technique 'belting' in their curriculum. This study is based on watching and interviewing six different teachers. The theoretical part deals with voice physiology and four different theories surrounding belting. The results show that the descriptions of belting vary between teachers and experts alike.

A number of studies have been made to examine several aspects of voice production in individuals with different types of hearing impairments. Most of the studies were made to explore the impact that hearing aids have for people with severe or congenital hearing impairment. So far it has been confirmed that there are changes regarding voice production in these individuals. A group that has not been investigated regarding voice production to a larger extent are hearing aid users with an acquired hearing impairment. In the present study the voice production of seven individuals, four men and three women, with a moderate acquired hearing impairment is examined.

Denna studie syftar till att utveckla kunskap om hur professionella klassiska sångare förbereder sig och hanterar scenframträdanden. Studiens frågeställningar har varit hur klassiska sångare uppfattar vikten av mental förberedelse inför scenframträdanden och vilka funktioner de uppfattar att mental träning och scenisk beredskap har inom sångutbildning på olika nivåer. För att få svar på mina frågeställningar använde jag mig av kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra professionella klassiska sångare.Resultatet visar att informanterna lägger stor vikt på instuderingsprocessen i sin mentala förberedelse inför ett scenframträdande. Instuderingen ska påbörjas i god tid innan en konsert och genomföras metodiskt med fokus på teknik, text, musik och scenisk utformning. Studien visade också att informanterna hade tydliga rutiner under konsert-/föreställningsdagen.

The aim of this essay is to bring up and mediate a teacher?s life story and professional history to take part of her experience of an animated pedagogy. As a tool I use the life story method, which is a qualitative interview method which purpose is to put the narrative person?s life history in the centre.One of the goals for an animated pedagogy is to learn how to be. Animated pedagogy is about making teaching living and making it meaningful and exciting.

The discussion on whether the aesthetics or the pedagogy of children´s literature is the most important trait of the genre has been going on for quite some time. As children´s literature rose from a will to educate it is argued that pedagogy is forever imbued in the literature that addresses the child as its main reader. Literary scholars voices concern that the discussions about aesthetic expressions are being shunned in favor of that of educational values but does one exclude the other?In this essay I focus on two of Swedens most prominent authors of children´s literature, Lennart Hellsing and Ulf Stark. They are both part of the aesthetics/pedagogy debate, in their fictional works for children as well as with articles and essays on the subject.

Abstract The purpose of writing this thesis was to improve methods during requirements engineering phase. Usercentred system engineering has some problem areas, which are examined and verified to create a new guideline for developers. This guideline tends to make requirements engineering more effective and help developers create more concrete requirements. It is not uncommon that system development projects ends up with unsatisfied users or delay in deliveries. The reasons are different kinds of communication problems between users and developers during verification of requirements.

Syftet med denna studie är att få mer kunskap om hur man kan använda kroppen i sångundervisning. Jag undersöker vad ett urval av sångpedagoger anser om förhållandet mellan röstorganet och resten av kroppen och hur de tillämpar det praktiskt i sin undervisning. Metoden jag använder mig av är en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning och resultatet visar bland annat att pedagogerna använder kroppen i sångundervisningen genom övningar med rörelser, olika muskelspänning och avslappning. Några av slutsatserna är att det är viktigt med balans mellan anspänning och avspänning, att använda rätt sorts muskler och rörelser samt att använda dessa på rätt sätt.The purpose of this study is to get more knowledge of how you can use the body in voice-training. I examine what a selection of singing-teachers think about the connection between the vocal organ and the body and how they use that knowledge in their teaching.

Abstract The purpose of writing this thesis was to improve methods during requirements engineering phase. Usercentred system engineering has some problem areas, which are examined and verified to create a new guideline for developers. This guideline tends to make requirements engineering more effective and help developers create more concrete requirements. It is not uncommon that system development projects ends up with unsatisfied users or delay in deliveries. The reasons are different kinds of communication problems between users and developers during verification of requirements. There is a therapy model, called solution-focused therapy, used in family and individual therapy. The model focuses on solutions for the future instead of problems in the past.

The purpose of this study is through a teacher perspective gain insight to the knowledge former Sodertorn teacher students possess of intercultural pedagogy and if they use it at work. The studies main perspective is the intercultural perspective, which has been the study's lead perspective. This study also made use out of a sociocultural perspective as it fits with the intercultural perspective and puts its mark in the study.This study has used interviews for data collection. Five former Sodertorn teacher students were interviewed, the interview participants work as teachers. These five teachers? experiences and statements were the focus of this study, the teachers had to demonstrate their intercultural skills and how they use these skills in their classroom.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur sångpedagoger beskriver att de arbetar med röstregister i sin undervisning, vilka olika röstbegrepp informanterna använder sig av samt hur de förklarar dessa för eleverna. Med denna studie vill jag få en bild av hur terminologin påverkar undervisningen när samma register förklaras på olika sätt. Jag har utgått från kvalitativa intervjuer för att på så sätt få en mer utförlig bild av sångpedagogers uppfattningar och handlingar. Jag har intervjuat fyra sångpedagoger i olika genrer för att se om det finns någon skillnad i val av begrepp utifrån vilken genre de arbetar inom. För att kunna tolka och försöka förstå informanterna på ett djupare sätt har jag använt mig av ett hermeneutiskt förhållningssätt.

This report is the result of several interviews of employees within the field of pedagogy. The background behind this report is my period as a trainee in one of the daily activities in Malmo. In daily activities the employers gets training, education and guidance in Marte meo, which is funded by public finances. The method, which this study focuses upon is called Marte meo. It is a method of communicating and developing the means for the participants to evolve their skills in communicating and increase self esteem.

The population over 65 years of age is increasing and health in elderly has been a subject of research for decades but voice function and vocal health has not been prioritized. The purpose of this study is to obtain reference value for the Swedish version of Voice Handicap Index (RHI) and the Throat Scale among people over 65 years of age and assess voice function and vocal health for this age group. The questions were as followed:1) What is the reference value of RHI for people over 65 years of age? 2) What is the reference value of the Throat Scale for people over 65 years of age? 3) Is there a correlation between a self-rated VA-scale on the perceived degree of voice problems, and the self-rated RHI-/Throat Scale result? 4) Does age, gender or previous profession matter for the self-perceived voice?In total 100 individuals participated in the study, 50 women and 50 men, between 65 and 92 years old. The reference value of RHI for people over 65 years of age was 13,4 points and the reference value for the Throat Scale was 7,7 points.