The study examines the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in the short- and long run in Sweden. The time period for the study is 17 years and covers the years 1996-2012. The results of the study shows that the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in the long run is higher than in the short run for the Swedish consumers, which is in line with previous studies in the area. The fact that the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes is higher in the long run, indicates that the substitution effect has a significant impact on the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in the long run. The study was conducted in two parts where the authors investigated the effect of cigarette tax on cigarette prices and in addition the cigarette prices impact on the demand for cigarettes in Sweden.

In this study we examine four Swedish newspapers? visual coverage of the Tunisian and Egyptian uprisings in 2010 and 2011 ? commonly known as the ?Arab Spring Revolution?, the ?Jasmine revolution? and in Sweden also the ?Women?s revolution? ? focusing on three main perspectives: news values and framing, postcolonialism, and gender.By means of a comprehensive content analysis and an in-depth semiotic analysis, the purpose of this study is to investigate how Swedish written media frames the revolution and its initiators and partakers through news photographs, headlines, lead paragraphs and photograph bylines, and to determine whether or not it reproduces earlier trends of media coverage and framing of non-Westerners and non-Western societies.The purpose of the extensive content analysis is to attain data for empirical research of the visual portrayal of the uprisings? first twelve weeks in Sweden?s four largest newspapers Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet and Expressen. The analysis reveals that episodic framing is regularly used in all four newspapers, and that media demonizes Tunisians and Egyptians by constructing them as a brutal, uncivilized and threatening group which almost exclusively consists of men, and whose members are neither quoted nor named. It also shows that women are symbolically annihilated by media and that the very few women who do occur are gender stereotyped in accordance with established media conventions and postcolonial tradition, with the interesting exception of women being quoted to a larger extent than men. The analysis furthermore confirms the low occurrence of female journalists in Swedish foreign reporting, as well as demonstrates that the gender of the journalists does not influence what types of stories are written or how they are framed.The variable frequencies obtained from the content analysis provide indicators which are subsequently explored in the semiotic analysis of four news photographs.

The report aims to show how outdoor environments have been shaped with the purpose of experiencing them from the inside of buildings, through an overview perspective. Two Danish gardens are used as examples. One is the Baroque garden in the garden of Frederiksborg castle in Hillerød. The Baroque garden is thus a part of a larger garden. The second garden is the Charlotte Garden, a relatively newly constructed garden within a housing complex in Østerbro in Copenhagen. Both gardens are analyzed on the basis of visual expression and structure. In the report, it is also discussed how the contemporary society have evoked the different ways of shaping the gardens.

Landscape architects has many ways of transforming our cities and landscapes. Traditionally, most attention has been put to visual qualities. Pen and paper are well established as the way to present proposals and to analyse in the landscape architects profession and training. But are we perhaps missing out on other ways of seeing the landscape? The purpose of this paper is to present sound as a tool of transformation. Sound in public spaces has long been treated just as noise and therefore unwanted.

Att sälja en journalist ? Hur dagstidningar marknadsför sina journalisterWritten by: Jonatan Fjelstad & Viktor MölneBachelor´s degree of JournalismDepartment of Journalism, Media & Communication.Autumn term 2013University of GothenburgThe purpose of this study is to determine if Swedish newspapers has increased the visibility of their own journalists between the years 2000 and 2012 and if that?s the case how they have done so. By doing so we hope to shed some light on how individual journalists are increasingly personalized and how this can be part of the newspapers branding strategy. The journalist?s personal brands have been the subject of more research lately.

Bakgrund: Pecking order-teorin är en av de viktigaste teorierna som används inom kapitalstruktur. Men vilken giltighet teorin har i det praktiska för företaget, är väldigt olika beroende på olika faktorer. En av dessa faktorer är företagets storlek. Tidigare forskning tyder på att pecking order förmågan varierar mellan företag av olika storlek. Vissa studier har kommit fram till att pecking order beteendet är mer giltigt hos små företag.

Syfte: Ingen kan hävda att de har missat den pågående klimatdebatten med ett fokus på den globala uppvärmningen. En ökad medvetenhet om miljömässig hållbarhet har bidragit till en integration av etisk beslutsfattning in i organisationer. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hypotesen att CSR leder till ett ökat fastighetsvärde. Vi ämnar även få en ökad förståelse för hur motivation påverkar etisk beslutsfattning och CSR.Metod: Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats inom ramen för en fallstudie. Empiriskt material har samlats in genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer med beslutsfattare inom den svenska fastighetsbranschen.

Based on the Migration Board's statistics report, the number of children that has gone missing within a time interval of 4 years (2010-2014) comprises 1331 children in total, of whom 146 are girls and 1185 are boys. A rising interest about what has happened to those children created a fundamental platform for this thesis. By reading Åkerman?s report from 2012, and the book De förlorade barnen: en rapport by Mikkelsen and Wagner (2013) the curiosity grew deeper. The research questions that were established were divided into three parts.

Uppsats för avläggande av filosofie kandidatexamen iKulturvård, Trädgårdens hantverk och design, 21 hp, 2012.

Abstract Title: A conjoint analysis of packaging attributes. How can the attributes of a product?s packaging best look like to attract the consumer? Authors: Linda Granberg & Helena Niklasson Supervisor: Jan Svanberg Department: School of Management, Blekinge Institute of Technology Course: Bachelor?s thesis in Business Administration, 15 credits Purpose: The purpose is to find out how visual and technical attributes on product packaging affects the consumers tendency to want to buy the product. Method: Conjoint analysis and a quantitative survey. Results: When developing a package for a food product we?ve reached the conclusion that it is most important to have clear product information on it. The consumer wants it to be simple and easy to use, the people under time pressure seeks product with new technology which can save them time..

I dag är konkurrensen stor inom ridsporten och kraven på att hästarna ska fungera och prestera på toppnivå ökar. För att den Svenska varmblodiga hästen (SWB) ska vara konkurrenskraftig krävs ett effektivt avelsarbete. Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka hur ägare av SWB uppfattar sina hästar vad gäller temperament, benställning, skador och prestation. Svaren analyserades för att undersöka effekten av olika faktorer på hästarnas prestation vid unghästbedömningar och tävling och kommer sen att användas i en genetisk associationsstudie. Hästarna kommer också att följas upp för att se om det finns någon genetisk korrelation till prestation och hållbarhet. En enkät skickades ut till alla som äger eller har ägt ett svenskt varmblod född 2006 och senare.

Color has been significant in visual arts for as long as the art-forms have existed. Still images and movies have long used colors and color grading effects to affect the viewer and characterize the work. In recent years attempts have been made to bring these techniques of stylizing also to interactive games. This dissertation aims to compare two different approaches of performing real-time color grading for games. Focus is put on examining the two ways from a number of different perspectives and from there draw conclusions on advantages and disadvantages of the approaches.

The aim of this paper is to investigate and analyze practices in multilingual classrooms of mathematics in a compulsory school in Sweden where immigrant students have been known to succeed. The school is situated in a suburban and segregated area outside a major city where pupils come from mainly limited socio-economic backgrounds. The rate of second language learners are 70% of all pupils in this school.By using ethnographic methods, mainly interviews and participant observation, data was collected in four mathematics classrooms which corresponded to consecutive ages of education. The data include field notes and observation of artifacts in the environment as well as interviews and informal conversations with teachers and school leadership. Information from the school website, the authority in charge of quality in Swedish schools (Skolverket) and the municipality were also used.The analysis is based on a socio-political viewpoint that power is relational and reflected within schools.

Denna studie behandlar begreppen kunskap och lärande, med utgångspunkt från Skolinspektionens (2012) kvalitetsgranskning av hur förskolan arbetar med det förstärkta pedagogiska uppdraget. I Skolinspektionens rapport menar man att studier pekar på den avgörande roll den pedagogiska ledningen har för hur verksamheten utformas och utvecklas för att bättre kunna arbeta med barns utveckling och lärande. Syftet med studien är att synliggöra och förstå fyra förskolechefers tolkning av begreppen kunskap och lärande samt hur de beskriver att de kommunicerar begreppen till personalen genom sitt pedagogiska ledarskap.Studien är kvalitativ med en hermeneutisk ansats och datainsamlingen består av intervjuer med fyra förskolechefer. Resultatet visar att förskolechefernas tolkning av begreppen kunskap och lärande bygger på individuella erfarenheter och att det finns ett behov av att reflektera över begreppen för att främja lärande i förskolan. Vi har uppmärksammat att det finns ett starkt engagemang hos förskolecheferna men att de har svårt att skilja begreppen åt, då deras tolkningar av begreppen går i varandra.

Christendom has under a long period of time in Swedish history been the central component in legitimating the monarchs' power, a continuous process than can be clearly observed through the customs of royal coronation and baptism rites. However, during the 20th century those close ties between the state and the church of Sweden have been dissolving at a steady rate, alongside a growing societal democratization and modernization process. Officially the monarch still had a clear constitutional power legitimated through the transcendent, but unofficially his power was in reality heavily reduced. How do the Swedish monarchy relate to a rapidly changing society and secularization process? This pilot study investigates this relation by analyzing the news reports of the royal coronation and baptism rites between 1858 and 2012 from two leading newspapers, Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter.