Since the 1990s, when the number of transnational companies increased, it has created challenges regarding the responsibility of human rights. As a response to these challenges the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) unanimously endorsed the new policy UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP) in 2011. UNGP does not have the status av international law, yet simply as guidelines and its implementation is based on good will and voluntary efforts. Now, 10 years later, this study aims to get understanding regarding if UNGP is considered as norm by the Swedish Government, Volvo and Gothenburg Municipality. The material of the study consists of sustainability reports, annual reports and governmental documents with focus on human rights in relation to business published between the year of 2011, when UNGP was endorsed, until 2020.

Köpenhamns cykelvägnät har anor så långt som 100 år tillbaka i tiden och på 1980-talet genomförde stadens cyklister stora demonstrationer för att få politikers och planerares uppmärksamhet, som man ansåg hade förlorat fokus på cykeln i planeringen (Jensen, muntligen, 2011-05-02). I detta arbete presenteras siffror som visar att det idag är fler än en tredjedel av Köpenhamns invånare som cyklar till och från sitt dagliga arbete. Köpenhamns kommun vill öka det antalet och målet idag är att bli världens bästa cykelstad år 2015 (Köpenhamns kommun 2007). För snart tio år sedan upprättade man på Köpenhamns kommun ett dokument, Cycle Policy 2002-2012, innehållandes mål för att förbättra förhållanden för stadens cyklister till år 2012. Detta dokument har studerats närmre i denna uppsats.Som blivande landskapsarkitekt blir jag nyfiken på hur de gått till väga.

Migration and giving birth are crucial decisions for animals during their life cycle, which may have lasting consequences on their population demography and fitness. Migration can entail a variety of possible effects for an individual, such as access to high quality food and reduced risk for predation. The moose (Alces alces) in northern Sweden is partially migratory and moose females are known to give birth to one or two calves. The synchrony between time of calving and timing of migration has not been compared before, especially in terms of energy maximizing and time minimizing perspectives, which may provide vital cues for fitness benefits of migration. I investigated effect of timing of birth and individual life history on distance, timing, stopovers and duration of 190 individually marked female moose that have been tracked for multiple years in ten different areas in northern Sweden.

SummaryAt the summer festivals and it?s campsites there are each year thousands of tents left behind. Last year, at the Peace and Love festival in Borlänge, 220 tons of garbage was left behind at the festival area, much of which is tents. 69% of festival goers have at some point left behind a tent on a festival campsite. Many of these tents is purchased very cheaply, for a single festival.

This essay is about the market of traditional rental movie stores, which today are on a mature stage of the marketing cycle. The technique is constantly accelerating and contributes to evaluation of new ways to watch movie. New competitors are such as bigger chain of stores that can offer, in addition to their wide range of other goods, rental movies as a secondary selling. The substitute is of most part Internet based services from where you can watch movie online or download film legally as well as illegally.These different sorts of new competitors or substitutes become a big threat on the traditional rental movie stores as these substitutes can offer the same prices or even lower.With these new ways of watching film this will on turn change the behaviours of the customers that likes to watch movies. The problem for the traditional rental movie stores is trying to keep their existing customers and try keeping them loyal to their store, so that they won?t loose them to the competitors and substitutes.

Emhart Glass is the world?s leading manufacturer of equipment, controls and components to the glass container industry. The goal of this project has been to identify improvements and propose cost saving solutions when moving one of Emhart Glass work cells in Sundsvall. The changes shall result in improved work environment and increased product quality. The method contains value stream mapping, concept selection and P-FMEA and complies with Emhart Glass goal to become a more Lean focused business.

On today?s competitive market, it is difficult to achieve profitability trough high prices on manufactured products. Profitability must be obtained through low manufacturing costs, high quality and short lead times. One of the companies on the market is Sandvik Coromant, manufacturer of tools and chips for metal cutting. This master thesis investigates the methods of manufacturing for boring bars at the manufacturing unit GVH4 at Sandvik Coromant in Gimo, Sweden.

Disinfection methods for drinking-water produced at the two water works of Stockholm Water Co are compared in this study. Three different nethods are compared; disinfection with chlorine gas, disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and disinfection with UV-light and monochloramine. The method used is Life cycle assessment, LCA. LCA is defined as the compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and potential environmental impact of a product system shroughout its life cycle. The environmental burden is compared for the three different disinfection methods.

The freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) is a large freshwater mussel. Because of its sensitivity to human impact, such as eutrophication, acidification and alterations of hydromorphology, the species is considered as a robust indicator of stream water quality and biodiversity. Moreover, due to the species complex life cycle, including a larval stage on the gills of salmon and trout, and sensitivity of early life stages, regeneration is often used as an indicator. The freshwater pearl mussel is also used in the expert judgement of status classification of benthic invertebrates according to the European Water Framework Directive. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the freshwater pearl mussel as an indicator for Swedish streams. It was made with two types of association analyses.

Rapporten beskriver ett utredningsuppdrag för Lantmännen Unibake, Korvbrödsbagarn, där lösningar för en automatiserad iläggning av påsar i kartonger skall ersätta den nuvarande manuella hanteringen.Metoden för att hitta en passande lösning genomfördes enligt PDCA-cykeln (Plan-Do-Check-Act), där fyra olika faser går igenom för att få en förståelse för nuläget och önskemål, utforska tillgängliga alternativ genom kontakt med agenter för maskinföretag, utvärdering av lösningsförslag och till sist en slutsats och förslag till fortsatt arbete..

Oestrus in dairy cattle has changed over the last decades; the intensity of oestrus has declined and the duration decreased. Several studies have shown that not all dairy cows stand to be mounted, and that oestrus expression in many cases may be characterized by other behaviours. The aim of this study was to investigate oestrus behaviour in a herd of todays? high producing dairy cattle. The study was carried out at Jälla naturbruksgymnasium in Uppsala during one week in January 2011.

During the period 2009-2013, investments in the Swedish national grid increase by a factor of ten compared to previous years. In order to fulfil their mission to manage the national grid in a safe, efficient and environmentally sound way, Svenska Kraftnät (Swedish National Grid) needs to take all these perspectives into account while planning new investments. To compare and relate perspectives of technology, economy and environment the same yard stick must be used. That yard stick is commonly money. A problem arises however as environmental issues are difficult to price.The purpose of this master?s degree project was to develop a tool for evaluation of environmental impact related to investments in the Swedish national grid.

Författarna har haft ett samarbete med Panduro Hobby i samband med deras årliga miljökampanj. Syftet med examensarbetet har varit att med hjälp av befintliga produktutvecklingsprocesser och livscykelanalyser (LCA) ta fram en hållbar textil produkt med växtfärgning. Tanken var att konsumenter sedan själva skall kunna ta fram och växtfärga denna hållbara textilprodukt. Miljömedvetenhet och hållbarhet inom textilindustrin är ett aktuellt ämne. Trots det saknar dagens konsumenter förståelse för textilindustrins påverkan på miljön och har bristande kunskap om textila material för att kunna göra miljövänliga val ute i handeln.

Today dairy farmers in Sweden are obligated to have lights turned on during night time in addition to the mandatory daylight inlet. This presents a cost for the production but many argue that it can be economically beneficial, especially in loose housing of dairy cows. In loose housing and even more so in herds with automatic milking, well functioning cow traffic during all hours of the day is crucial to optimise production. In order to keep the cow traffic flowing, lights may be an important management tool. It is also perceived among farmers with tied up stall that night light decreases the incidents of cows accidental stepping on their own or neighbours udders.

Cykling f?r transport har potential att vara en del av h?llbara st?der och samh?llen genom att bidra till h?llbara transporter och fr?mja fysisk aktivitet. F?r att ?ka transportcyklandet arbetar planeringsakt?rer med att vidareutveckla utvalda cykelv?gar till s? kallade supercykelv?gar. Vidareutvecklingen best?r dels av upprustning av cykelv?garnas standard och av att synligg?ra dem genom gestaltning bland annat i form av enhetlig v?gvisning.