The aim of this study was to examine what impact restored and constructed pounds and wetlands have on waterfowls in the area of Linköping. The birdlife in five constructed wetlands werechosen to investigate if specific factors like age, size and vegetation affected the avian diversity in wetlands. Also, extra focus has been given to the threatened Horned Grebe (Podiceps Auritus), breeding in the studied area. The results showed that the number of species as well as individuals of waterfowl and Horned Grebe changed over time in what might be a result of succession in the wetlands. Comparing the number of birds to the size of the wetlands showed a clear correlation. Larger areas inhabited greater numbers of species and individuals.

The last hundred years humans have drastically changed the amount of available nitrogen in nature. Today human activities release twice as much available nitrogen as all natural processes are doing together. We also have degraded nature´s possibilities to take care of nitrogen through the draining of wetlands and straightening of rivers. In order to regain the potential of nitrogen retention in the water systems there now requires a reshape of the landscape we live in. A planned expansion of the mining activities in Garpenberg, Dalarna, would double the content of nitrogen in the waters below the mine.

Skred är en sluttningsprocess som orsakar stora materiella skador och som dödar många människor, runt om i världen. Med de svenska markförhållanden förekommer skred främst i lera, lågväxt vegetation och i sluttningar som överstiger 5.71 graders lutning. Syftet med denna studie är att ge en övergripande bild över skredproblematiken i Köpings kommun. Metoder som har använts är litteraturstudier, rumslig analys med geografiska informationssystem (GIS) och intervju med Köpings kommuns gatu- och parkchef.I Köpings kommun har det tidigare förekommit små skred som gett upphov till mindre omfattande konsekvenser. Det är sannolikt att skred kommer att inträffa vid slänter mot vattendrag i Köping och Kolsva.

That ecological and evolutionary processes can take place on the same time scale is a recent insight. Today we also know that they are directly linked to each other. In the lake TÃ¥kern, in year 2000, there was a structural change when phytoplankton declined and submerged vegetation, mainly stoneworts began to spread. This led to evolutionary changes in the aquatic sowbug, Asellus aquaticus which had previously been limited to the reed, most likely feeding on detritus. But then, sowbugs could exploit the new habitat in stoneworts and a new food resource in terms of periphyton.

Kuriska näset är en krumudde som delas av Litauen och Ryssland, området är en nationalpark och sedan år 2000 upptaget på UNESCOs världsarvslista över skyddsvärda natur- och kulturområden.Syftet med det här arbetet är att kartlägga potentiella hot mot Kuriska näsets fortsatta existens. Undersökningen har baserats på teorier utifrån ett hållbart perspektiv för ett bevarande för framtiden, det har också studerats huruvida dessa teorier eftersträvas i Litauen respektive Ryssland. Med hållbar utveckling eftersträvas att inte tära på naturens resurser utan att se till att de finns kvar för framtiden. För att kunna kartlägga hoten har en jämförelse mellan Kuriska näset och Gotska sandön genomförts.Naturen på Kuriska näset är varierande, stora skogsområden, öppna vidsträckta sandområden, sanddyner med eller utan vegetation är de mest förekommande landskapstyperna. Här återfinns också några av Europas högsta sanddyner.

The objective of this work was to compare the environmentally gentle soil scarification technique Huminmix (with possibilities to do track-grinding/HMMspår, long-scraping/HMMlångfläck and mounding/HMMhög) with conventional disc trencher, concerning seedling establishment and growth of direct seeded and planted Scots pine seedlings. Inventories were made during June and July 2005, in 34 seeded and 6 planted stands from 2000 ? 2004 (1- 5 years old) of lichen- and myrtillus/vaccinum-type in Holmen Skog AB´s district Norsjö in Västerbotten. The Huminmix-technique had been used for HMMspår in the seeded stands and for HMMhög in the planted stands (HMMlångfläck has been used from the year 2006 for direct seeding). The studied stands had been seeded with the same amount of seeds according to stand data.

The amount of various phosphorus (P) fractions in the sediment and the relationship between the amount of P and sediment particle size were investigated in a constructed wetland southwest of Linköping. Furthermore, the possible correlation between clay content in the sediment and distance from the inlet was investigated. Sediment samples were collected along three transects from the inlet to the outlet, with six samples in each transect. In order to measure the soluble P, an NH4Cl extraction was done. This was also analysed for total soluble P after oxidation with peroxodisulphate.

An organism that is transferred from one place to another, causing major problems to the native species is termed invasive. Its natural dispersal across barriers may have been prevented but as man has turned able to rapidly travel all over the world organisms are brought to sites where they were never before observed. Adding the increasing global warming organisms may find it necessary to move around even further. This might cause major disturbance to the biological diversity, and hybridization and homogenization is one of many scenarios that could disturb the native diversity. In Sweden more that 2/3 of all alien plant species have been introduced to disturbed areas and the major introduction mechanism is gardening.

The amount of various phosphorus (P) fractions in the sediment and the relationship between the amount of P and sediment particle size were investigated in a constructed wetland southwest of Linköping. Furthermore, the possible correlation between clay content in the sediment and distance from the inlet was investigated. Sediment samples were collected along three transects from the inlet to the outlet, with six samples in each transect. In order to measure the soluble P, an NH4Cl extraction was done. This was also analysed for total soluble P after oxidation with peroxodisulphate.

SUMMARY Establish a pasture There is many valuable nature and culture landscapes in Sweden that has developed during a long period of time, throw natural processes or human use. Unfortunately lot of these are disappearing. My thought with this work is to explore the possibility to establish new areas with similar qualities. The motive for this is that attractive countryside biotopes are well worth to use as model to enrich the urban landscape. Another thought has concerned the people that establish, build and manage landscapes and parks. They often have varied views, both coming from a difference in background and previous experiences.

The Savi?s Warbler (Locustella luscinioides) is a recently established bird species in a few reedy shallow lakes of southern Sweden and has only been found nesting for the last twenty years. Little is known about the species' habitat preferences, breeding biology and demands for specific territory structures at breeding sites in Sweden. Knowledge of a newly established species? habitat requirements is essential to maintain a viable population and design action plans.

To create multifunctional buffer strips along a watercourse in an economically sustainable way requires consideration of many different factors. In this plan we have selected pollutant reduction as the main purpose of the buffer strip. We have also strived to achieve minimal income loss due to reduced production, increased biological diversity, good game preservation that leads to higher income from hunting, aesthetical satisfaction and possibility to profit from available subsidies. This is done mainly to make landowners/farmers more interested in creating buffer strips along water courses.As sand is the dominant type of soil in the area, the water course is less affected by surface runoff compared to if the soil would be clay or some other finer texture. Game preservation and subsidies have therefore been the main factors when establishing the width of the strip, because these require wider buffer strips in some cases.

Well-functioning bicycle paths are relevant issues in today´s society as a way to increase active transport. Active transport means working for a better global climate, urban environment and public health. What we experience on a bicycle affects the choice of a bicycle path and is a subject where there is much left to explore. This essay examines methods in environmental psychology literature that measure the experiences of landscape. The aim is to find and apply methods to measure the experience of two bicycle paths in the Skåne plains.

To create multifunctional buffer strips along a watercourse in an economically sustainable way requires consideration of many different factors. In this plan we have selected pollutant reduction as the main purpose of the buffer strip. We have also strived to achieve minimal income loss due to reduced production, increased biological diversity, good game preservation that leads to higher income from hunting, aesthetical satisfaction and possibility to profit from available subsidies. This is done mainly to make landowners/farmers more interested in creating buffer strips along water courses. As sand is the dominant type of soil in the area, the water course is less affected by surface runoff compared to if the soil would be clay or some other finer texture. Game preservation and subsidies have therefore been the main factors when establishing the width of the strip, because these require wider buffer strips in some cases.

Vad för markmaterial som ligger på marken har stor inverkan på om ett barn med rörelsehinder kan medverka i leken eller inte. Detta arbete bygger på intervjuer från Ulriksbergskolan i Växjö. Intervjuerna har gjorts med barn, skolpersonal, föräldrar samt verksamma tjänstemän som har någon sorts anknytning till skolan eller utemiljö i allmänhet. Studien handlar om rörelsehindrade barns framkomlighet på olika markmaterial. Studien har genomförts i Växjö stad, mitt i Småland.