Globalization has among other tendencies led to the emergence of new ways of doing business. One of the ways for organizations to meet the demands of a new competitive landscape has been through management accounting change, a field which has become increasingly popular in research. This paper builds on that research and seeks to investigate the case of the implementation of a new management accounting system in a Swedish company which was triggered by strategic change. Commonality through the interactive approach is by some researchers seen as a key to successful change. This approach is contrasted to the importance of symbolic constructs and change recipients? cognitive effort to understand the meaning of change for which Framing theory is applied.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between self-determination theory and its three basic needs: competence, autonomy and relatedness, and commitment to change in an organizational change. Another purpose was to examine if the quality of the communication and the effects on the organization and way to work can predict commitment to change. Considering that organizational changes is very common today there is an interest to ease and improve the change process. The survey contained the scales Commitment to change scale and Basic need satisfaction at work scale and the participants were 39 office-workers who recently had gone through an organizational change. The result indicated that it?s possible to predict commitment to change from self-determination theory, communication and effects on organization and way to work.

AbstractA prerequisite to be able to use semi-natural pastures in an optimal way is knowledge about their conditions and properties. One thing to consider is the amount of herbage mass that can be produced during one season on different types of semi-natural pastures. That knowledge makes it easier to choose which type of animals and how many you are able to have in each paddock to maintain a high biodiversity and achieve the desired production of the animals at the same time.This study was performed in nine different semi-natural pastures around Uppsala. The paddocks were already mapped with regard to different vegetation types. Exclosure cages were placed on previously fertilized, mesic, dry, shaded and wet vegetation.

Det här arbetet har undersökt huruvida konceptet reglerande ekosystemtjänster är möjligt att konkretisera och applicera i planerings-och gestaltningsarbeten. Målet med arbetet var att skapa ett gestaltningsförslag till Kloster Kyrkopark i Eskilstuna med fokus på partikel- och bullerreglering med vegetation. De frågeställningar som har besvarats i arbetet är: Hur kan man planera och gestalta med vegetation för ekosystemtjänsterna partikel- och bullerreglering och är den tillgängliga kunskapen om reglerande ekosystemtjänster idag tillräckligt konkret för att vara applicerbar i ett gestaltningsarbete? Metoden i arbetet har baserats på forskning för gestaltning. Genom en litteraturstudie, observationer, analys och samtal har allmänna gestaltningsprinciper för partikel- och bullerreducering, samt specifika krav och förutsättningar för projektet sammanställts. Resultaten från forskningen, de allmänna principerna och de specifika kraven och förutsättningarna, har sedan prövats i gestaltningsförslaget. Resultatet från gestaltningsarbetet visar att den tillgängliga kunskapen om reglerande ekosystemtjänster är tillräckligt konkret för att kunna appliceras i en gestaltning. Men det finns ett stort glapp mellan den konceptuella litteraturen som behandlar reglerande ekosystemtjänster och den litteratur som konkret beskriver hur man bör gå till väga vid luft- och bullerreglering med vegetation.

Steam was used as a site preparation method to eliminate unwanted bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in the boreal forest. The efficiency of steam to suppress bilberry was compared with prescribed burning and cutting the bilberry. Different combinations of steaming and/or cutting the bilberry were set up to investigate in which way steaming and cutting influenced the sprouting and regrowth of bilberry. The regrowth of the bilberry vegetation was monitored for 40 month. Steam was most efficient in suppressing bilberry.

Several studies have analysed the relationship between Normalised DifferenceVegetation Index (NDVI) and radiative surface temperature. A main goal for moststudies have been to find the best method for carrying out land cover classificationsand to study land cover changes, based on a combination between the twoparameters. Since atmospheric components have a significant influence on bothparameters, most applications were based on multi-temporal data. The quality of theindividual values in such a combination is improved, but the biophysical justificationis uncertain. This study presents a different method, based on only the combination ofvalues that have been registered the same day and about the same time of the day.125 daily images of NDVI and 250 images of radiometric temperature were used inorder to analyse the relationship between (1) NDVI and radiative temperature and (2)NDVI and relative temperature difference between early morning and mid-day.Results between NDVI and radiative temperature show a significant negativecorrelation on areas where a distinct growing season develops, and a strong positivcorrelation where vegetation is abscent throghout the season.

In 2003 the deciding political council in Bromölla municipality requested that an overhaul on the committee and public administration structure should be conducted. In the report Bromölla was characterized as a traditional organization with a low degree of change. This case study will examine why the organization previously has been reluctant to change its structure and why they are willing to do so now. In the pursuit of this objective I conducted document studies, interviews and observations. I have used theories on, institutional change and organizational culture to enlighten this.My findings shows that the traditionalists within the organization has greatly affected this reluctance towards change, in the deciding council 39 % of the representatives are 60 years or older.

In 2003 the deciding political council in Bromölla municipality requested that an overhaul on the committee and public administration structure should be conducted. In the report Bromölla was characterized as a traditional organization with a low degree of change. This case study will examine why the organization previously has been reluctant to change its structure and why they are willing to do so now. In the pursuit of this objective I conducted document studies, interviews and observations. I have used theories on, institutional change and organizational culture to enlighten this.My findings shows that the traditionalists within the organization has greatly affected this reluctance towards change, in the deciding council 39 % of the representatives are 60 years or older.

To regularly remove woody vegetation along the roadside of forest roads is an important part of the road maintenance, since the vegetation binds moisture in the road side and, thus, the removal makes the road drying faster with results in improved bearing capacity. Vegetation removal also makes it easier to upgrade the road by material recycling from the ditch and, moreover, the visibility along the road is maintained.The aim of the study was to evaluate what type of chain flail is the best and most cost-effective for removal of different kind of woody vegetation along forest roadsides.Time studies were made on two chain flails when removing woody vegetation in three different classes; easy-, middle- and heavy shrub removal. The studied flails were one light and rather simple flail named Optimal M160 and a heavier and more advanced flail named Slagkraft H210. The removal was made according to Holmen Skogs? specification and the quality of the cleaning was measured by objective belt inventory.The productivity was higher with the heavy flail within all cleaning classes.

When an organisation is going through a work of change, it is highly important that both management and employees has a healthy communication in order to make everybody feel involved. It is then important to be observant for both the managements and employees thoughts and ideas.This study has been performed on an upper secondary school which is performing a work of change. The change has divided the employees in three different groups. One, which thinks the change have evolved the organisation to something better. The second group of people means that it is preventing individual development of competence.

The UN has a goal to gender-mainstream all politics, but its politics in climate change is not gender-sensitive. The Swedish government has the same goal concerning gender mainstreaming, but does the Swedish politics of climate change reach this goal? The aim of this paper is to examine the relations between the Swedish politics of gender and climate change. In addition, the aim is also to investigate how gender is constructed in the climate politics. To reach these aims, an institutional, policy and gender analysis is used.

This thesis aims to describe and characterise the foreign policy change the United States has experienced towards Europe. This thesis claims that the United States is presenting a more supportive attitude today towards the development of the European Union. This more positive attitude has developed during successive U.S. administrations and has become visible since the end of the Cold War.Washington is today less ambiguous and less ambivalent towards the integration of Europe. The United States appreciate that a common foreign- and security policy in Europe is in accordance with American interests.

Litteraturstudien tar upp ämnet trygghet, där målet har varit att förklara vad det är som uppfattas som otryggt i de vegetativa miljöerna samt hur vi i dagens samhälle bäst kan arbeta med den angränsande vegetationen till gång- och cykelbanor för att öka tryggheten där. En empiriska studien som gjorts är baserad på tre gång- och cykelstråk i Lomma kommun. Platsernas vegetation har inventerats och problem ur ett trygghetsperspektiv har noterats, och utifrån det har förslag på åtgärder angetts. Den slutsats som kunnat dras är att kontinuerlig skötsel av vegetationen på en plats är ett krav för att kunna behålla en struktur och kvalité som inte upplevs som otrygg.

When an organisation is going through a work of change, it is highly important that both management and employees has a healthy communication in order to make everybody feel involved. It is then important to be observant for both the managements and employees thoughts and ideas.This study has been performed on an upper secondary school which is performing a work of change. The change has divided the employees in three different groups. One, which thinks the change have evolved the organisation to something better. The second group of people means that it is preventing individual development of competence.

SAMMANFATTNING Det här examensarbetet är inriktat på att se vilken betydelse vegetation har för barnets lek. Har det någon betydelse, eller inte? Hur påverkas leken av vegetation på en lekplats? Jag har fördjupat mig i litteratur om ämnet, utfört observationer av barns lek på utvalda lekplatser och intervjuat personer som arbetar med projektering av lekmiljöer för barn. Bakgrunden till arbetet är att jag under min utbildning till Landskapsingenjör genomgick kursen markprojektering. Vi fick där projektera en lekplats till en förskola. Vid ett tillfälle hade vi en föreläsning med miljöpsykolog Fredrika Mårtensson.