Mot bakgrund av Lipsets moderniseringsteori undersöker vi strukturella orsaker till varför Kuwait, Ryssland och Turkiet inte genomgått en transition till demokrati, trots en relativt hög grad av modernisering och ekonomisk utveckling efter kalla krigets slut. Vi problematiserar begreppet ekonomisk utveckling och diskuterar olika demokratidefinitioner och demokratiklassificeringar. Utifrån tidigare forskning formulerar vi åtta hypoteser som vi i vår analys prövar på våra analysobjekt. Vår analys resulterar i att Kuwait och Rysslands ekonomiska utveckling inte har bidragit med ökning av demokratisering men däremot har utvecklingen stabiliserat regimerna. Turkiets differentiella ekonomiska utveckling medförde att resultatetet för landet blev olika.

The aim of this work was to investigate how it is to move in hierarchy from crew toofficer within the seafaring profession and how to be affected by this. How you areperceived by the crew when going from to represent a part of a system to represent adifferent part of the same system and if you are ready to assume the responsibilities of thenew role entails?This is relevant and interesting as we will soon is facing at this transition. The work isbased on a qualitative approach. The choice of this method gave the information neededfor a perfect result.Interviews were conducted through personal meetings with active officers which alsoprovided the opportunity to ask follow-up questions and the respondents were given theopportunity to share their experiences.

The aim of this work was to investigate how it is to move in hierarchy from crew toofficer within the seafaring profession and how to be affected by this. How you areperceived by the crew when going from to represent a part of a system to represent adifferent part of the same system and if you are ready to assume the responsibilities of thenew role entails?This is relevant and interesting as we will soon is facing at this transition. The work isbased on a qualitative approach. The choice of this method gave the information neededfor a perfect result.Interviews were conducted through personal meetings with active officers which alsoprovided the opportunity to ask follow-up questions and the respondents were given theopportunity to share their experiences.

AbstractBachelor thesis in political science by Alexander Hassan, autumn 2008, ?Effects of external factors on a nations democratisation process during the transition from authoritarian to electoral democratic rule ? A categorical analysis?Supervisor: Tomas SedeliusIn recent years globalization has become a hot topic in understanding the world we live in today. Globalization has indeed had a great impact on international relations and with it a great influence on the domestic conditions that determine a nation?s possibilities. It is therefore rational to hold true that this also would apply to a nation?s democratic process.

The gap between practise and theory is often described in negative words in teachers? professional lives. Learning study is a model for teachers´ professional development where a theoretical framework is used to enhance practice. The theoretical framework used by teachers in learning study is variation theory. In this study the research object is variation theory and the aim is to present how variation theory becomes a guiding principle to understand teaching and learning processes.

This master thesis concerns whether Swedish non-financial listed firms act in accordance with the optimal capital structure theory and/or pecking order theory. The examined period is 1998-2004 and we discover that Swedish companies neither follow optimal capital structure theory nor pecking order theory. From our results we conclude that there exists no single point of the capital structure which is optimal. Rather it seems as if the optimal point lies in-between an interval from 0 to the industry average, where firms tend to be indifferent to their debt-ratios. Our results show that Swedish companies prefer internal financing followed by equity and as last choice debt issuance..

This text concerns itself with war, the just war theory, and the application of that doctrine on the ?war on terrorism?. I present different views on the theory's place in the discourse, its relevance for unconventional wars followed by the analyses of above mentioned empirical situation.Particular interest is given the criteria concerning proportionality, both ad bellum and in bello, due to in part its difficult nature, and the attention it has received from others. This paper asks the question: Is the just war theory adequate for analysis of modern war?There are few alternatives.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att det är mer stressfullt för familjen att ha ett barn med just autism, jämfört med andra kroniska sjukdomar. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att belysa hur föräldrar till barn med autism reagerar känslomässigt och vilka strategier som används för att hantera reaktionerna, samt relatera detta till teorierna kring transition och lidande. Metod: Studien gjordes genom en litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Resultatet visar att det väcks starka känslor hos föräldrarna till barn med autism. Dessa känslor kan uppträda som sorg och förtvivlan, förnekelse, oro, känsla av isolering, stress, skuld, förtvivlan, hopp och hopplöshet som fyller familjernas vardag.

Transition är ett socialpsykologiskt begrepp som innebär en förändring i livet och kan ske på flera olika plan. Att bli förälder beskrivs många gånger som den största transitionsprocessen en vuxen människa genomgår och att den för många är svår och omvälvande att hantera. Tidigare forskning visar att nyblivna föräldrar känner en naturlighet i att vända sig till sin BVC för råd och stöd i den praktiska omvårdnaden av barnet. För distriktssköterskan på BVC är det en viktig uppgift att stödja nyblivna föräldrar i den process det innebär att bli förälder. Stödet ger barnen förutsättningar för en god utveckling och uppväxt, och för att skapa en god vårdrelation.Syftet är att ta reda på hur förstagångs föräldrar upplever transitionen till föräldraskapet.Metoden som används är Evans analysmodell för en systematisk litteraturstudie.

Research issue: The transition from Basel II to Basel III becomes consuming for banks, financially. But Basel III should be profitably for financial market economy. Risks in the financial world is very complex. Is Basel III is sufficient to manage risk and future crisesPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of Basel II and the transition to Basel III in Sweden with the banking system in focus.Method: The study has a qualitative research methodology for the collection of empirical data. The study is based on interviews with four large banks of Sweden (Swedbank, SEB, Nordea, Handelsbanken) and with Finansinspektionen.

Sedan Ukrainas självständighetsförklaring 1991 har landet arbetat med att reformera sin ekonomi till ett mer marknadsekonomiskt system. Denna process innefattar en mängd olika aspekter att ta hänsyn till som har stora effekter på ekonomin. I denna uppsats har vi valt att analysera en del av de otaliga reformer som finns, nämligen hur väl Ukraina har lyckats med sina skattereformer i syfte att införa marknadsekonomi i landet. Dessutom ämnar vi besvarafrågan vilka effekter som skattereformerna har haft på landets ekonomi med fokus på hur statens intäkter förändrats samt utvecklingen av den makroekonomiska variabeln inflation ochlandets budgetunderskott. För att kunna besvara den förstnämnda frågan har vi använt oss av befintlig teori om den finanspolitiska transformationsprocessen samt analyserat skattebördan, skattestrukturen samt skattesatserna i Ukraina.

This essay captures the process toward a democratic transition in South Africa and tempts on analyzing the efforts made by civil society before the negotiation with the government in the beginning of the 90´s. The method used is a case study.By applying the theory of Elisabeth Jean Wood about the importance of continued mobilization, I try to answer the question: to what extend did civil society influence the democratization process. The focus of the study lies on the years of intensified popular mobilization, from the start of the 80´s until the beginning of the 90´s.The results following this study shows that COSATU, Congress of South African Trade Unions) and ANC(African National Congress) played both a crucial role for the democratization process in South Africa. UDF, however played a role in the process, but not in the same significant way that COSATU and ANC..

The main purpose of this examination paper has been to do a review of recent scientific and evaluated studies performed on children 0-15 years of age, treated with an animal as an assistant to the therapist/professional. The key term is Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT). Our focus has been to describe in what fields these kinds of studies have been performed, what the results are and how effective they have been. As a supplement to our study we have performed 8 short telephone interviews with professionals in the same field of occupation corresponding to the studies we have summarized. Our results concerning the studies show that there has been a positive outcome in the treatment of children and adolescents and AAT.

The aim of this paper was to describe hindering and facilitating factors in the transition from upper secondary school and employment for a person with Asperger?s syndrome. In the process we used general systems theory and made semi-structured interviews with five persons in the network of institutions and associations working with the individual. Our findings showed that the hindering and facilitating factors were basically the same depending of the environmental adjustments. The interviews highlighted the following factors: the recent general unemployment rate in Sweden, selfawareness of the individual and the surrounding environment?s knowledge of the individual?s impairment in relation to Asperger?s syndrome.

Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur en entreprenör/ kreatör produktplacerar i bästa mån för att överleva i modebranschen. Metod: Kvalitativ med intervjuer som bas för empirin. Slutsats: Med hjälp av en positioneringsmodell kan entreprenören/kreatören ta ställning till sina konkurrenter och placera sin produkt till den tänkta målgruppen. Teorin hjälper företagare att strukturera upp en annars komplex hantering som i nystartade företag ?bara sker?.