The purpose of this essay is to examine the origin of generalized trust. We compare existing theories on trust to determine what approach is more fruitful in explaining the prevalence, or absence, of trust. Our conviction is that trust should be viewed as an interaction, rather than a disposition or a rational choice. The sample is based on the countries of the OECD. In total, five different hypotheses are tested: i) that generalized trust is created by equal distribution of income, ii) that generalized trust is created through monitoring of the state, iii) that generalized trust is created through rule by law; iv) that generalized trust is created when the welfare apparatus is guided by principles of universalism; or iv) that generalized trust is created when the state integrates trust networks.

The intention with the study is to describe the home and life conditions for boys at the age range between 13 to 18 year, who has been under custody according to the § 2 LVU.The empiric is 21 real court cases, judged in Stockholm and to Stockholm counted surround-ings 2006, in which the range of the boys were representative.A text analyze method is used to execute the study. The study penetrates the life situation of the caregiver and how their situation affects the boy and the boys actions.The total conclusion of the study, based on an ecological evolution perspective, is that life-situation of the caregiver affects the boys and the boys actions.The boys are affected negatively by the situation of their caregivers, and according to the study, the boys have established own problems, like difficulties in school, criminality, or other psychological diagnoses. They are also often exposed to physical or psychological violence by the caregiver. Additionally the conclusion is that the caregiver neglect the boys in many other ways, prior themselves and their needs before the boys..

Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med studien var att undersöka omgivningens påverkan gällande den totala upplevelsen vid gång och löpning. Detta besvaras genom frågorna; finns det någon skillnad i puls, ansträngningsgrad och positiva känslor vid samma hastighet gällande gång och löpning utomhus jämfört med inomhus? Samt, upplever testpersonerna någon skillnad fysiskt och psykiskt efter gång och löpning utomhus jämfört med inomhus? MetodDetta är en experimentell studie med kvantitativ metod. Tre olika tester har genomförts i studien. Det första testet var ett kontrolltest som avsåg att få fram den hastighet som motsvarade testpersonens Borg RPE20 på nivå 11, 13 och 15.

Denna uppsats behandlar ledarskap och organisationsförändring. I rapporten undersöks hur fyra chefer har handskats med de svårigheter och utmaningar som uppstått då organisationen de verkar i ska driva igenom förändringsprojekt. De undersökta organisationerna är Försvarsmakten Visby garnison, Scania AB Falun, Apoteket AB och Nacka kommun. I de två förstnämnda består förändringsprocessen av mer eller mindre total avveckling och i de andra två rör det sig om omfattande förändringar i struktur eller arbetssätt. Undersökningen är baserad på djupintervjuer med dessa chefer och svaren har analyserats utifrån existerande modeller för förändring.

This is a qualitative study based on two focus group interviews with a total of six social workers who work with assessing financial aid in two municipalities. The study aims to examine how the social workers experience and handle their ambiguous professional role, on the basis that they are expected to support and control the client. The theoretical framework is the theory about discretion and role theory. The results show that social workers find it difficult to combine these different approaches. Two different groups of strategies that social workers use to manage their professional role have been distinguished, the first is used to combine the different approaches (combination strategies), which are: empathy, to be distinct and to "blame" the organization.

This project was about the creation of a shorter computer animated film. Thegoal of the project was to explore a different technique of the visual outcomethat should not rely on photorealistic rendering and how to find new interestingways to use 3d-graphic for visuals. A big part of the project was also toincorporate music to create a chosen atmosphere and impact on the viewer butalso to help the story forward and questions such as; ?How can you create anexpression for the feeling you want to transmit?? were formulated. The scenewas built up in a 3d-application consisting of a house and surrounding garden,which within an character was animated to tell the plot.

I vårt examensarbete har vi fördjupat oss i hur några lärare och förskollärare uppfattar vilka barn är i behov av särskilt stöd samt hur de arbetar praktiskt i den dagliga verksamheten med barn i behov av särskilt stöd. En kvalitativ undersökningsmetod användes i examensarbetet med semistrukturerade intervjufrågor. Undersökningen visade oss att benämningen av vilka barn som är i behov av särskilt stöd varierar och är beroende av den aktuella rollen som lärare och förskollärare.  Genom vår undersökning kunde vi se följande uppdelning av begreppet: barn i socioemotionella svårigheter och barn i kunskapsrelaterade svårigheter.I resultatet togs även upp inkluderings begrepp och det framkom att samtliga respondenter har en positiv inställning till inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd i den dagliga verksamheten. Men att trots den viljan till total inkludering som finns är det fortfarande vanligt med särskiljande undervisning i skolans värld..

How does a corporation work during the recruitment phase to entice and motivate younger members to work for their organization?The aim is to examine in which grade corporations and organizations? recruitment needs to adapt to encounter Generation Y on the labour market.The base in our method is abduction and our research is based on a qualitative method. We have fulfilled interviews with corporations such as Scania, Skatteverket, Swedbank and Appelqvist & Ottoson HR AB.Corporations need in a sense change their recruitment and emphasis their resources to sell the whole corporation and its image to the young job applicant. The younger members demand a total impression of the corporation to implement an interest and to get motivated to work there. Together with our respondents we have realized that Generation Y has higher demands on their workplace than earlier generations..

The purpose of this study is to examine the difference between three query strategies with respect to retrieval effectiveness. The thesis aims at examining how two types of noun phrases containing a modifier to the head word, which is a noun affect the retrieval performance with regard to recall and precision. The noun phrases in the thesis are of two types: 1) noun phrases containing a modifier to the head word (which is a noun) and which are not dictionary phrases (NF) and 2) dictionary phrases. Both types of noun phrases in this thesis contain at least two words. The queries were executed in Query Performance Analyser, QPA, containing the InQuery system and a sub collection of TREC-Uta documents with its topics.

How do gender and socioeconomic backgrounds affect students? academic performance, educational choices and attitudes towards education? Moreover, does class play the same role for girls and boys? In order to find this out, I surveyed students in a small province located in the northern inlands of Sweden. The survey was answered by nearly every student in the ninth grade of that year, a total of 160 people. The results revealed that girls in this area have less faith in their capabilities than boys, despite getting much better grades. Many more girls than boys want to go onto college or university studies.

The interest in building low energy houses has increased along with the rising engagement inthe climate questions. With the advancing energy prices it is highly suitably for those whobuild and administer their buildings in long-term to build energy-saving houses. 40 % ofSweden?s total energy consumption constitutes of the energy in residences, therefore it iscrucial to take advantage of all the free energy as we possibly can. With crucial questions likequality of living and profit low energy building is a subject that concerns us all.Three proposals for apartment blocks are presented in this work on a real estate in Stockholm.Each proposal is developed through unique processes of design with the purpose to displaypossibilities to deal with the energy requirements of today and tomorrow through energybased architecture.The first proposal is an apartment block based on a traditional design process, the demands ofthe property owner and it?s affected by opinions from architects.

In this study the author will search on how, co-operation between teachers and guidance counse-lors in school works. The study was too looking for if guidance counselors experiencing if they can feel cooperation in school, when they work by themselves in their profession, and if the guidance counselors feel a part of the whole school.Total interviewed four guidance counselors in elementary school, in a medium sized town somewhere in Sweden. The author have used qualitative methods for allow guidance counselors to answer free and not influence from other parametric.The result demonstrates that all guidance counselors believe that it is important to have coopera-tion with teachers in schools. Most of the guidance counselors believe that neither the directors nor teachers really know what skills guidance counselors possess. The respondents describe that they often turns to teachers who believe that guidance is an important part of the school's work for students..

Tidigare studier har visat en korrelation mellan muskelgrupper, särskilt gällande styrka mellan olika muskelgrupper i samma extremitet. Syftet med den här studien var att se om maximal isokinetisk muskelstyrka i låret korrelerar med maximal isometrisk handgreppstyrka hos friska individer >60 år. Exklusionskriterier var muskuloskeletala besvär, hjärt? kärlsjukdom, KOL, RA, Gonartros eller pågående infektion. Isokinetisk benstyrka mättes på 25 försökspersoner >60 år i Biodex System 3 och isometrisk handgreppstyrka mättes med Grip-D.

The aim of the present study is to describe the experiences of high school students as regards the effects of their activities, in and out of lessons, being published on the web. In addition, a further purpose is to acquire knowledge about whether a website could be used as means of increasing the students level of attention, and focus, to their activities in school; and, furthermore, how such a website should be designed to correspond with the students requests.The implemented methods are interviews with students, school administrators and teachers. A survey was conducted covering the student?s personal experiences and opinions. Furthermore, an interface test of the website was performed.

Föreliggande rapport utgör underlag för Länsstyrelsen i Gotlands läns skogsvårdsfunktions skogliga länsprogram för perioden 2000-2010. Det skogliga länsprogrammet avser att belysa frågor som rör skogen och skogsnäringen i länet. En betydande del skall ägnas åt att beskriva skogsbrukets förutsättningar som sedan kommer att ligga till grund för formulering av ett antal målsättningar för den skogliga verksamheten. Gotland skiljer sig från övriga Sverige i många avseenden. Ur skoglig synvinkel är det främst det extremt maritima klimatet, den kalkrika berggnmden, det tunna jordtäcket och den låga mängden nederbörd under vegetationsperioden som drar till sig uppmärksamheten.