This final thesis is initiated by the wood fuel department at the Swedish forest company Sveaskog as part of a project which also involves two other final thesises. The overall goal of the project is to investigate Sveaskog´s possibilities to produce and sell different wood fuel assortments in Västerbotten and the southern parts of Norrland. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how much wood fuel Sveaskog can produce in the area during the next five years and what that would cost. Furthermore the thesis will investigate the total possible supply of wood fuel from all other possible producers in the area. Treated assortments are forest residues from final fellings, whole trees from direct wood fuel thinnings, non industrial wood and industrial by-products from sawmills. The main effort to investigate Sveaskog´s production possibilities has been made to calculate the possible annual amount of forest residues and fuel from wood fuel thinnings that can be produced.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and describe what factors are most important to students when choosing training center, and how these factors affect the choice of each training center. We investigated this by performing a qualitative research and a quantitative survey of students at Karlstad University that trains at Friskis & Svettis and Sats in Karlstad. The results show that there are a number of important factors in the total customer experience that affects a student's choice of training center and that they also differ between a premium center and basic center. Our conclusion is that when a total customer experience concept consists of a core, core experience and peripheral experiences well linked into each other competitive advantages is created, resulting in more satisfied and loyal customers. .

In this essay the author has studied teachers work with order and measure in the classroom. The empirical survey method has been collected through interviews of focus groups from three different schools located in three different municipalities consisting nine participating teachers in total. The aim with the study is to understand the complexity of creating order in the classrooms by the existing means of control and finding an answer to teachers reasoning around the two articles ?We need to inform how the situation are in school when it is at its worst? and ?Stop defaming school?.The analysis is structured by my questions at issue which are;How does the teachers' work with the means of control which exists in the curriculum to maintain the order in the classroom; how does the teachers concure to the concept of order in relation to the media and the political statements that exists regarding the order issues at school; are there any alternative measures and methods to maintain the order in the classroom.The result shows a unanimous view about what order is among the teachers. Order is a necessity for the pupils to have a good studying climate.

Ämnet ledarskap och ledarskapsstilar kan vid en första anblick ses som ett klart och tydligt begrepp som är enkelt att förstå. När man sedan applicerar dessa begrepp inom ramen för ideell verksamhet kan det också verka enkelt. Detta är dock inte fallet när man fördjupar sig i ämnet och börjar inse att ledarskap är ett komplext begrepp som innefattar en mängd olika saker och skilda teorier kring ledarskapsstilar som anpassar sig bäst i olika situationer. Röda Korset är en av många ideella verksamheter i Sverige och är en av det få ideella organisationer i landet som har en egen ledarskapsutbildning, där ledarskapet utifrån deras vision sprids och lärs ut. Intresset fångade oss när vi inom ramen för ledarskap, ledarskapsstilar samt ideell verksamhet ville se hur Röda Korsets ledarskapsutbildning utformats samt vilken ledarskapsstil de förmedlar.

Uppsatsen beskriver upplevelseproduktion med fokus på skapandet av meningsfulla arbetsupplevelser och ledarskap. Denna uppsats har skrivits under vår utbildning på Institutionen för Konst, kommunikation och lärande vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att undersöka om upplevelsemodellen Total Experience Management och ett exempel på ledarskap från verkligheten kan kombineras för att skapa en teori för upplevelsebaserat ledarskap.Genom ett induktivt arbetssätt och med Grundad Teori som forskningsmetod har vi tagit fram ett exempel från verkligheten av ledarskap. Vi har genomfört kvalitativa intervjuer med företaget Liveside Safety för att skapa detta exempel. Med hjälp av exemplet har vi modifierat modellen Total Experience Management och anpassat denna för Upplevelsebaserat Ledarskap.

Stress is part of everyday life and in the working conditions of the social services in Sweden. Thus each and every person has resources and strategies to cope with those stressors that construct the assumption of stress. The aim of this study was to understand how persons in leading positions of the LSS of Social Services in Kalmar experience and cope with stressors in their leadership and organization and to investigate what factors during working and non-working hours promote health. Influenced by the theoretical approach of Aaron Antonovsky´s Sense of Coherence seven qualitative interviews were conducted with persons in leading positions. They were asked about stressors, coping strategies, resources and health promoting factors that help to cope with stressors.

Syfte: Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka hur erkänt skickliga lärare beskriver sitt lärarledarskap och vilka uppgifter och ledarskapshandlingar som formar lärarledarskapet. I vilka sammanhang och situationer utövas lärarledarskapet? Syftet har varit att undersöka hur erkänt skickliga lärare formats i möte med elever, verksamheter, skola och ledning och hur detta kan beskrivas och diskuteras i förhållande till förordningen och litteratur om teacher leadershipTeori och metod: Studien vilar på inspiration av livshistorieforskning och den variant som kallas för tematisk yrkeslivshistoria. Studien är genomförd som en kvalitativ studie med fyra ?erkänt? skickliga lärare? som utnämnts till förstelärare och genom livshistorieintervjuer.

AbstractThe purpose for writing this essay is to study the culture of kindness in the Church of Sweden, as the church constitutes as an idealistic organization (non-profit or voluntary organization).The focal point is on how such a culture affects the employees, and if any new componentsthat can amplify the concept can be distinguished.To do this a case study-design has been employed. The primary sources are qualitativeinterviews with six employees in a congregation in the Church of Sweden, and participantobservations on two different occasions at the same congregation.Theories of organizational sociology has been applied to the material, more specific Edgar HSchein?s definition of organizational culture and the concept of a culture of kindness (derivingfrom a report by the Swedish Work Environment Authority) as a specific part of the church?sorganizational culture.The conclusions we can make from our study is that a culture of kindness affect employees inboth a positive and a negative way. There are many expectations that come with working inthe Church of Sweden, and these do have an effect on the work performed. There is alsoevidence pointing to the fact that leadership can counteract the fear of conflicts that otherwiseis associated with the culture of kindness.

Background:  Heart failure is a multidimensional phenomenon with high mortality. Heart failure is treated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) - inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) that counteract neurohormonal stimuli that occur in heart failure, as well as providing vessel dilatation, which reduces symptoms and the need for hospitalization and increases survival. Despite this, only about 50% of heart failure patients survive 6 years after diagnosis with drug therapy, and as heart failure is increasing globally, due to improved care and treatment and increasing life expectancy of the population, there is a great need for new drugs such as LCZ696 that acts by dual inhibition of the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system and neprilysin inhibition.Objective: The aim of this literature study was to evaluate the efficacy of current treatment and possible future treatments on mortality and morbidity in heart failure patients.Results: The examined articles show that treatment with ACE inhibitors in patients with symptomatic heart failure reduces the risk of total mortality by 16% over 3.5 years, reduces all-cause mortality or hospitalization due to heart failure with NNT (number needed to treat) = 10.4 over 3.5 years and increases median survival by 9.2 months over 12.1 years in patients with asymptomatic heart failure. Treatments with high-dose ACE inhibitors reduce mortality and hospitalization because of cardiovascular causes and hospitalizations from any cause by NNT = 30 over 3 years. Beta-blockers reduce sudden death and total mortality and cardiac death or non - fatal myocardial infarction with NNT = 38 and NNT = 23, respectively, over 12 months.

Uppsatsens huvudsakliga syfte är att undersöka hur två olika organisationer skiljer och liknar varandra i önskan om ledarskapsegenskaper, detta utifrån de tre olika arenorna rekrytering, utbildning och ledarskap. I denna rapport kommer vi att studera organisationerna Försvarsmakten samt Sony Ericsson, där Försvarsmakten kommer representerar en strukturerad organisation och Sony Ericsson en projektorganisation. Med hjälp av intervjuer både på Försvarsmakten i Halmstad och Sony Ericsson i Lund har vi fått svar på frågor kring rekrytering, utbildning och ledarskap. Det som gör jämförelsen intressant är skillnaden i organisationsformerna på de två olika företagen Försvarsmakten samt Sony Ericsson. Vi har efter granskning av data fått fram att de båda organisationerna strävar efter liknande egenskaper med på skilda sätt. På grund av organisationernas olika strukturer och organisatoriska uppbyggnad går man olika vägar för att hitta en ledare men i slutändan kan man se att processerna liknar varandra.

It is now increasingly common for organisations to work actively with HR issues. Furthermore, it is a constant top priority for organisations to remain profitable. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether so called soft HR values, as manager?s communication skills, has an actual impact on hard values in terms of costs for the organisation. Leadership is largely characterised by emotional communication, which together with personnel costs were the main focus of the research.

The society today is full of new changes within the companies and their middle chiefs. Middle chief?s visions have changed during recent years. The female chiefs have grown in numbers, and because of that people have started to focus on whether there are any similarities or differences between the female and male leadership behaviors. The essay is about similarities and differences between female and male middle chief?s idea about effective leadership behavior.Our analysis is based on a qualitative study, where we have made four interviews with four chiefs in industrial companies.

Vi hade en föreställning om att det ibland kan vara svårt att som ledare i en arbetsgrupp skapa tillit samt effektivitet. Detta fångade vårt intresse och gjorde att vi närmare ville studera två arbetsledare och deras respektive arbetsgrupper gällande effektivitet, tillit samt ledarskap. Vårt syfte med undersökningen var att undersöka vilka ledarskapsfaktorer som kan inverka för att stärka tilliten och effektiviteten i en arbetsgrupp. För att besvara syftet med undersökningen togs följande problemformulering fram:Vilka ledarskapsfaktorer kan stärka tilliten och effektiviteten i en arbetsgrupp?Utifrån uppsatsens syfte och problemformulering genomfördes två kvalitativa intervjuer med de två utvalda arbetsledarna, samt att en kvantitativ enkätundersökning genomfördes i de två arbetsledarnas respektive arbetsgrupper.Vårt resultat visar i huvudsak att det är anpassning efter situation och kontext, förmågan att frångå personliga intressen och istället se till det kollektiva intresset, flexibilitet och uppmärksamhet på arbetsgruppens behov och önskemål, samt stöd genom tillgänglighet som är de ledarskapsfaktorer som kan stärka tilliten och effektiviteten i en arbetsgrupp..

The main purpose of this thesis has been to find a way to evaluate the soil parameters for the Total sounding method (TS), such as the inner friction angles and settlement modules. This study only includes an analysis of soil profiles from the Stockholm region. The chosen location for the study is a proposed residential area east of Igelstaviken in Södertälje. Presently, the subject plot is located in a residential area and is also adjacent to a school area.Total sounding is originally a Norwegian soil testing method. The differences between the sounding methods (weight-, ram-, CPT-sounding) are for instance how the sound is driven into the ground and what kind of parameters that are registered.

It?s a fact that the climate is affected by the vehicle that runs on the worlds roads. But theconstruction of the road itself is rarely thought of as a climate threat. Svevia and the Swedish roadadministration have opposite views of how the construction of roads should be carried thru. It?sthe difference between those two construction methods that is the base in our thesis.The amount of energy use or the emissions are not analyzed for neither the Swedish roadadministrations nor Svevias construction models.