Transport, inmätning och lagring av timmer på timmerplanen är kostnadskrävande aktiviteter som påverkar svenska sågverks ekonomi i hög grad. I och med detta har flertalet svenska sågverk på senare år sett över internlogistiken och investerat i beslutsstöd på timmerplanen. Kåge sågverk som ägs av Norra Skogsägarna har i och med investering av en ny såglinje ökat produktiviteten på sågen. Sågverket har en brant stigande utvecklingskurva och vill se över arbetet på timmerplanen för att möta produktionsökningen. Syftet med denna studie är att göra en nulägesanalys av Kåge sågs timmerplan samt föreslå en ny timmerplansdesign.

Our purpose in this paper is to examine if there is any profitability for a company with a factory in the timber industry to invest in a combined heat and power, CHP. Based on analysis and the results that the paper generates, we will give Derome AB a suggestion on how it is a profitable investment or not to installing in a CHP.By investing in a CHP plant, you can get a high efficiency, which means that companies can use their resources more effectively. The Swedish wood industry has by-products of production that can be used for combustion in their boiler which is an advantage.The essay is a qualitative study where we have a case company, Derome AB. In this company, we interviewed two employees who have knowledge in the study. They have helped us to provide information and data about their business.We chose to use the pay-off- and the net present value method, NPV, to see if there are profitable advantages for the investment.

I en mer global och konkurrensutsatt marknad krävs, i allt större utsträckning, att företag väljer att differentiera sig med specifika kundlösningar istället för den enskilda produkten. Genom att, tillsammans med kunden, skapa värde knyter man denna närmare till sig. Ett konsignationslager är en strategisk lagerlösning för att minska avstånden mellan kund och leverantör samt att minska kedjans totala lagerkostnad. SCA Timber har begränsad erfarenhet kring konsignationslager. Av den anledningen har det funnits oklarheter kring hur arbetet bör organiseras. Syftet med studien är att ta fram en best practice för hur SCA Timber ska arbeta med upprättandet av framtida konsignationslager. Studien är en multipel fallstudie av fyra verksamheter inom SCA och baseras på kvalitativa, semistrukturerade intervjuer med respondenter som varit inblandade i upprättandet av konsignationslager. Det empiriska materialet består av fjorton intervjuer. Studien utgår ifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av teorier kring projekt, kritiska framgångsfaktorer i projekt och skapandet av nyttjandevärde.

SCA Timber AB Munksunds sågverk har ett stort problem vid anläggningens timmersortering. Problemet består i att den utrustning som kastar av timmerstockarna från sorteringsbanan och som kallas avpuffare, havererar oftare än vad som kan anses vara acceptabelt. Det som gjorts i detta arbete är att de ingående väsentliga detaljerna ritats upp i 3D-CAD och assemblerats till ett system liknande en sektion av den befintliga timmersorteringen. Detta system har sedan exporterats till dynamiksimuleringsprogrammet ADAMS för att där simuleras tillsammans med timmerstockar av aktuella dimensioner. Simuleringen har så långt möjligt utförts med parametrar liknande de som gäller i verkligheten (hastighet, friktion, densitet etc.).

Examensarbetet syftar till att hitta samband mellan ytliga sprickor hos virke, i form av dimensioner och karaktärer, som dagens maskinella avsyningssystem inte klarar av. Tyngdpunkten i projektet har legat på att identifiera eventuella samband mellan verkligt djup hos sprickor och de ytliga sprickmått som kan uppmätas med automatisk avsyning av WoodEye. I huvudsak har projektets praktiska undersökningar gått ut på att bestämma sprickors ytliga dimensioner, djup, typ och position med hjälp av automatisk avsyningsutrustning (WoodEye) samt genom manuell uppmätning i ett antal itusågade sprickzoner. Det provmaterial som använts i utförda försök och som legat till grund för efterföljande sprickanalyser har varit av sådan karaktär att det kunnat jämställas med konstruktionsvirke som normalt sett hållfasthetssorteras enligt europasstandard SS-EN 14081-1.I projektet har 568 sprickor, fördelade över 8 olika spricktyper, analyserats. Av erhållna resultat har det konstaterats att störst respektive minst medelbredd uppvisades hos kådlåpor respektive kantsprickor, störst respektive minst medellängd uppvisades hos splintsidesprickor respektive kådlåpor, samt att störst medeldjup uppvisades hos fäll-, kap- och stormsprickor.

The purpose of this thesis is to study whether there is a demand for sawn wood products of large dimensions and planed goods among Wallnäs AB:s customers. The thesis consist of two main parts, one survey among Wallnäs present customers and another one which purpose is to increase Wallnäs customer base. Finally there is a chapter that describes what properties the raw material has to have in order to produce the demanded products. The survey to the present customers was conducted through a questioner. A sample of those who stated an interest for either sawn wood products of large dimensions or planed goods, were later contacted for a telephone interview. To reach out to new customers, relevant companies has been identified through the Swedish Trade Councils data base and through the member list of the Timber Trade Federation.

This study was conducted on a property with a thinning machine team. The purpose was to investigate in which machine, the harvester or the forwarder, that caused most damage to the trees in six different stands. Different factors, related to the damage frequency in the stands, were checked out. For example: basal area per hectare, thinning strength, tree diameter and the rate of production. The harvester drivers were also interviewed about how, when and why stem damages occur and how to minimize them. The study stated that 4.3 percent of the trees were damaged. Out of these 88 percent was caused by the harvester and the rest, 12 percent, by the forwarder..

Urban forests are important for people to get at break and be able to relax in a stressful world. Several studies show that we feel better through being out in the forest and historically this was the normal environment for us. As a result of population growth and urbanization we tend to spend less time in nature nowadays than before. Due to this development urban forests have become a central role in our society as a place where people can fulfill their needs and interests. The management of the urban forest is therefore important, especially for municipalities that own forest which is supposed to be of benefit to local residents.Falköpings municipality owns approximately 260 hectares of forest in the popular and most visited recreational area along Mösseberg?s southern slope.

Towards the end of the 1960s, the credit financed purchase was well established in Sweden. The Swedish households were able to purchase goods, which had been considered unnecessary, or even luxurious, in the past. On the other hand, effective means to handle the increasing amount of debt and potential debtors were introduced; credit rating was registered, trade with insecure claims increased and if debtors could not fulfil their obligations, the creditors often used harsh or undue methods. By introducing Inkassolagen (1974:182), the legislator hoped to regulate the debt recovery process and ensure the fair treatment of debtors. The legislator also introduced liability for damages caused by a creditor in the collection process.

The purpose of this Bachelor degree project is to design different types of services that can increase the amount of re-used timber within the building sector and by that means improve their environmental efforts. By examining how the sectors environmental work concerning recycling and re-using timber as a building material is getting on at present, conclusions have been drawn about what further could be done for improvement.The project has shown that there is a scarcity of information and statistics within the sector, but that there are efforts in progress to change this. Questionnaires have been sent to a number of companies working with demolition and utilizing re-usable materials in order to find out what kind of problems there are within the trade. Unfortunately the survey gave insufficient result due to the low reply frequency.It is obvious that active environmental work within the building sector is important and the knowledge acquired while working with the project has led to the design of three suggestions for services regarded as being of interest for improving the negative environmental impact caused by the sector:Suggestion 1 ? Sale of construction parts prior to the demolition of a buildingSuggestion 2 ? Re-utilization circulation when manufacturing buildingsSuggestion 3 ? Education in relation to the purchase of houses  The positive and negative qualities of the suggestions have been examined with SWOT-analysis and further adaptions and the results have been interpreted.

Bakgrund: För att bedriva ett framgångsrikt miljöarbete kan företagen använda sig av olika hjälpmedel och verktyg. Ett exempel på ett sådant verktyg är ett miljöledningssystem. Det har diskuterats om miljöledningssystem i sig leder till miljömässig effektivitet. Det som anses vara av större vikt är på vilket sätt företag arbetar med miljöledningssystem.Syfte: Vårt syfte är att beskriva hur miljöarbete bedrivs och förklara om det bedrivs på ett sätt som gör att den miljömässiga effektiviteten i våra fallföretag kan förbättras. Ett delsyfte är också att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad i arbetssätt gällande miljöfrågor beroende på om verksamheten är offentlig eller privat.Metod:.

Beef cattle wintering outdoors should be provided a shelter, e.g. a type of barn or corresponding. This type of production requires appropriate soil types and secured animal welfare. For example, a clean and dry resting place needs to be provided to the animals. To receive an exemption for buildings the farmer has to have something equivalent that provides an adequate shelter.

Research suggests that society's vulnerability to natural disasters along coasts could increase as a result of climate change, which is likely to lead to elevated sea levels and possibly an increase in the occurance of meteorological phenomena such as storms and tropical cyclones. Following the Indian Ocean tsunami disaster in 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005, both of which received considerable media attention, empirical data has indicated that coastal vegetation might be able to protect and reduce damages to coastal communities during tsunami events and tropical cyclones.The aim of the essay has been to study the function of coastal ecosystems as protection against tsunami waves and storms from a risk management perspective, meaning that I have, through an overview of scientific articles, compiled current research on how coastal ecosystems can attenuate storm surges and tsunami waves, and analysed how this knowledge can be put into practice in coastal communities from a risk management perspective, i.e. if coastal ecosystems are a viable risk reduction measure, are practically applicable, and if so, how they could be applied.There is empirical evidence suggesting that coastal ecosystems, particularly mangroves, can reduce the strength of a tsunami wave, but full scientific consensus on this issue has not yet been reached. With regard to protection against storm surges, there is extensive scientific evidence that coastal vegetation can mitigate damages and reduce the height of a storm surge, although the wave has to traverse several kilometres inland through thick vegetation for the protection to be effective. A synthesis in the form of a figure regarding the many physical factors that influence wave development through coastal ecosystems has been created in an attempt to simplify and explain the phenomenon.The conservation and restoration of coastal ecosystems can be justified from a risk management perspective, but planting new forest belts for the purpose of disaster mitigation is quite unrealistic and can rarely be sustainable, since, for protection to be effective, the forest belt must extend several kilometres inland from the coast, and would thus likely prove difficult to implement along coastal societies..

Arkitektfirman Kolman X Boye Architects har fått uppdraget att upprätta bygglovshandlingar för ett äldreboende. Det är ännu ej bestämt i detalj hur byggnaden skall uppföras men beställaren önskar att byggnaden uppförs i träbyggnadsteknik. Äldreboendet projekteras för 54 stycken lägenheter fördelat på sex stycken våningsplan och en total bruttoarea på strax under 6000m2. Ingen lika hög träbyggnad med denna verksamhetsklass avseende brand har tidigare uppförts i Sverige.Vår uppgift och utmaning i detta arbete har varit att reda ut problematiken kring projekteringen av exteriöra detaljer för höga hus i trä. Utifrån kända problem avseende brand, akustik och fukt har sedan ett antal detaljer som påverkar det estetiska uttrycket projekterats.

Regeneration with scarification and planting is a well known method, but the plants have a tuff period in the beginning. Decease of plants comes from pine weevils, dry weather, browsers, wrong method of scarification and wrong time for the planting. These are some courses why not every planting gets successful. The purpose with this study is to investigate witch time of planting gives the best result, spring or autumn planting and to give a answer of witch factors are the main course of deceases. The goal is to have the study to decide witch time to plant after final felling. The choices of plantings were maid from a period of three years. Spring plantings were from year 2005, 2006 and 2007 and autumn plantings were from 2004, 2005, and 2006.The purpose was to compare differences in deceases at the same spring weather.