Today, a large proportion of wood supplied for the Swedish forest industry is bought from private forest owners while forest companies at the same time provide the forest owners with services such as logging services and transportation. Today, forest companies work extensively with keeping the time used for transport and logging short. But what does the private forest owners think about the time required for the timber deal, also called lead time, and the different parts of the timber deal. In this thesis, the forest owners? perception of the different lead times in their contracts with Stora Enso and their communication with the purchasers is examined.

Personer med autismspektrumtillstånd har en nedsatt social förmåga och tidigare forskning har visat att dessa personer har ett annorlunda sätt att se på och tolka information uttryckt i ansikten jämfört med normalt utvecklade individer. Vi har i vår studie mätt förekomst av autistiska personlighetsdrag mätt med Autism-Spectrum Quotient (Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Skinner, Martin & Clubley, 2001) och minnesförmåga för ansiktsemotioner genom ett two-alternative forced choice test där bilder på ansiktsemotioner uttryckta i höger- respektive vänsterhalvprofil och uttryckta företrädelsevis i övre respektive nedre delen av ansiktet presenterades för de 71 försöksdeltagarna. Vi har kunnat visa ett negativt linjärt samband (r = -.30, n = 71, p = .013) mellan autistiska personlighetsdrag och minnesförmåga för ansiktsemotioner, där ett större antal autistiska personlighetsdrag var korrelerade med en sämre minnesförmåga. Vi fann också generellt en försämrad minnesprestation för de emotioner som främst uttrycks i övre delen jämfört med nedre delen av ansiktet (Wilks lambda = .494, F (1, 69) = 70.713, p < .0005, effektstorlek = .51), men däremot ingen signifikant skillnad för om emotionerna presenterades i höger eller vänster halvprofil. Inte heller framkom någon interaktionseffekt mellan autistiska personlighetsdrag, halvprofil och var i ansiktet emotionen främst uttrycks..

This rapport is about how often private forest owners follow the measures proposed in their forest management plan. The survey is made in cooperation with the forest-owners association Norrskog. The private forest owners are relatively satisfied with the forest management plans and with the measures proposed. There are some differences between those who live on or near their property and those who live many miles away. The forest owners who live on their property are those who follow the proposed measure of precommercial thinning to the largest extent. That group also values precommercially thinned stands higher than thinned stands. The complete opposite is the case for the group that lives far away from their property. Almost all of the respondents thought that the forest management plan would be or had been a good help in the decision making about the forest..

SMF Skogsentreprenörerna is a nationwide organisation for Swedish forestry contractors. It has about 750 organised companies with somewhere around 1500 logging machines. These machines perform well over 50% of all yearly landed wood in Sweden. The members of SMF also performs more and more of other functions in Swedish professional forestry, such as soil scarification, planting and pre-commercial thinning of younger stands. In order to determine what major priorities SMF should focus on in the future a member survey was initialised and carried out by SMF together with Daniel Larsson-Snygg, student at the swedish university of agricultural sciences SLU. This report presents the result of this survey sent out to all members of SMF. It is intended to answer a number of questions about their entrepreneurship such as: What different kinds of work do these companies perform? How many machines and employees do they have? How old are the company owners and their employees? What are their thoughts about the future of their business? How well does SMF serve their members needs?.

This report describes a system for verification of fingerprints against a previous created template. It describes how and why a fingerprint image must be processed before it can be used to either identify or verify a person. The method is based on special features of a fingerprint, called minutiae points. The whole process from image to matching is described, every step in the process with image enhancement, binarization, thinning and how to find the minutiae points. Also what false minutiae points are, how they arise, why they deteriorate the result, and how to handle them, is discussed.

In the 1970?s it was predicted that in the beginning of the 21st century there would be a timber shortage in Sweden and a large scale introduction of the exotic tree species lodgepole pine started. An introduction of a foreign tree species means a risk of a negative influence on the forests ecosystem. Today, the stands that were established in the 70?s are middle-aged and the effect on the forest floor vegetation can be studied.

In the new Library Act of 2014, it is stated that public library supply should be characterized by quality. To investigate what this means for the library, I do a functional analysis of ideas of librarians' views on quality and how they work with purchasing, weeding and mediation. I have chosen to limit the essay to fiction for adults in Swedish public libraries. By combining the basal idea analysis, where I investigate librarians' ideas about quality, with an operational analysis of ideas, where I examine the effects librarians' quality ideas get for the daily work, Iwant to find out the librarians' quality ideals.The material I analyze consists of 18 questionnaires, filled out by librarians with responsibility for purchasing and / or thinning in libraries across Sweden. The analysis is done with an analytical schedule, that consists of a number of opposing ideal types taken from previous research on quality, purchasing, thinning or mediation.

In the new Library Act of 2014, it is stated that public library supply should be characterized by quality. To investigate what this means for the library, I do a functional analysis of ideas of librarians' views on quality and how they work with purchasing, weeding and mediation. I have chosen to limit the essay to fiction for adults in Swedish public libraries. By combining the basal idea analysis, where I investigate librarians' ideas about quality, with an operational analysis of ideas, where I examine the effects librarians' quality ideas get for the daily work, Iwant to find out the librarians' quality ideals.The material I analyze consists of 18 questionnaires, filled out by librarians with responsibility for purchasing and / or thinning in libraries across Sweden. The analysis is done with an analytical schedule, that consists of a number of opposing ideal types taken from previous research on quality, purchasing, thinning or mediation.

For the actors in the Swedish forest industry, it is important to have the ability to forecast the state in the privateforests. The information that comes out of the forecasts will be the base for the activities strategic direction.The aim in this exam is to survey what information that is present today as basis for forecast calculation, andeven to examine what other possibilities it might have in the future.From a limited geography and out of different time perspective forecast the felling potential in the privateforestry.With the word felling potential means regeneration felling and thinning. The exam will answer the questions:What information is needed to build a relevant forecast model?Is this information available today?Is there information to buy that would improve the forecast model?The result of this exam will be presented in form of a ”case study” showing the opportunities in the market tocreate a forecast calculation of felling potential in the private forestry within the Forest Owners’ AssociationMellanskogs wood-area Dalarna..

I Sverige gallras årligen ca 360 000 ha skogsmark. Skogsbolagen efterfrågar effektivare skogsmaskiner för att minimera kostnaderna i skogsbruket. Två finska och en svensk studie pekar på produktivitetsökningar i storlekar upp till tio procent vid användandet av griptilt. Griptilten är en tilläggsmodul som monteras mellan gripen och rotatorn på en skotarkran och möjliggör uppresning av virkesknippen till vertikal position. Syftet med studien var att mäta om det blev någon effektivitetsskillnad för krankörningsarbetet under lastning av en skotare, med och utan griptilt i gallringsbestånd med tre olika beståndstätheter: 1000, 1500 och 2000 stammar/ha. Studerade faktorer i bestånden var ackumulering och jämndragning mot mark.

Growth models are very useful tools for forestry to predict growth and yield. With growth models and optimising tools you can manage forest stands in a way that maximize benefit and income. There are three major types of growth models. Stand models; stage structured models and single-tree models. The most advanced models give the most accurate forecasts.

Föreliggande arbete är en experimentell studie som genomfördes vid Spädbarnslabbet, Uppsala Universitet. Undersökningsgruppen bestod av 10-månader gamla barn (n=33) och deras föräldrar. På en dataskärm fick barnen titta på stimuli i form av ljuspunktsanimering av mänsklig rörelse. Barnens titt-tid och pupilldilation registrerades. Det finns i tidigare forskningsresultat belägg för att normalutvecklade barn har en känslighet för biologisk rörelse men detta är inte tidigare studerat med hjälp av pupillometri.

The aim of the study was to compare productivity in first thinning of birch stands, when either energy- or pulpwood was harvested. The systems total profitability was also compared by including forwarding and chipping costs. A Gremo 950 HPVR harvester was used and the same driver was used under the entire study. During the pulpwood harvest a Logmax 4000b harvester head was used and a feller buncher head made by Silvatec was used during the energy wood harvest. Six study unit pairs were located in a birch dominated stand outside Ängelholm in Skåne.

Röjning är en skötselåtgärd som påverkar det framtida beståndets utveckling och skördeutfall. Olika och delvis motstridiga mål måste beaktas vid röjningstillfället. I praktiken blir många bestånd röjda mer än en gång. En orsak till upprepad röjning är att det kan uppstå behov av förnyad lövröjning när stubbskott har vuxit ifatt barrträden. Röjningens utförande kan också påverka nästa skötselåtgärd, dvs.

AbstractThe Swedish public school system claims to be a school for all. This means in particular that school is, not only open to all children between 7 and 16 years, but also that compulsory schooling prevailing. Our society's development is making increasing demands on the theoretical capacity, and school's goals aligned in the same direction. The proportion of pupils failing to achieve the goals are increasing in number, a failure which has major implications not only for the individual student but also for society at large. This study's focus is directed against a group of students where the reason for this is a lack of ability to abstract thinking.