Discussing light and lighting in the night-time environment of Tensta, a Stockholm suburb built between 1962 and 1970, this thesis suggests that lighting should be designed for the outdoor environment as a whole. The feeling of safety and human perception are important components in this thesis. Starting with some comments on visual perception and how we adapt our sight to an interval of the visual input we get, makes it possible to understand that more light sometimes hides, rather than reveals, things. Amongst the dispersed houses, in the green parks of Tensta, this turns the pedestrian roads, lit by pole-top-mounted fixtures, into light tunnels in a dark surrounding. Talking about the feeling of safety I am inspired by, amongst others K. Lynch, B. Hjort and J.

Today's fierce competition means that companies constantly must develop their business and internal processes. Focus on processes and continuous improvement is something that characterizes Lean Production which ICA logistics are applying with their concept Leading Logistics. Standardized routines for handling damaged gods were insufficient at the ICA distribution center in Kungälv. Handling and registration of damaged gods were not performed uniformly, resulting in problems with controlling and monitoring the process.The purpose of this thesis was to analyze and make recommendations how the process of internal handling of damaged gods could be improved. Therefore a comprehensive understanding was needed of the entire material flow through the warehouse and important quality aspects such as product safety and delivery reliability.The methods used are literature reviews, interviews and observations to produce a comprehensive process mapping of the current situation at the distribution center.

The bioenergy market has been introduced relatively late in a perspective of the Swedish forestry. Nowadays branches and tops are used more frequently as bioenergy after harvesting. Therefore, it has developed a competitive situation between pulpwood and bioenergy. This situation has even established some questions. Two examples of these are: ? At what top diameter should the final piece of pulpwood be crosscut to get the best economically result? ? Should the top diameter, at the final piece of pulpwood, be crosscut at a thicker or smaller diameter than what is done today? The purpose of this report is to answer these two questions when the harvesting is made motor manually in beech stands.

Skärgårdsstiftelsen, which is responsible for several of the archipelago islands in Stockholm, has chosen to explore the possibilities for more sustainable heating systems in buildings on the islands in collaboration with KTH. A reduction of energy use and improving the efficiency of existing heating systems are included as part of the environmental work. This report studies the island of Grinda, which is located outside the area of Vaxholm in Stockholm. The study area consists of a guesthouse consisting of a restaurant as well as conference facilities and four neighboring cottages used for overnighting. The cottages now run solely on direct electricity, both for heating and hot water.

Delineation of recharge areas for aquifers is performed in the groundwater mapping process at the Swedish geological survey, SGU. This work is time consuming and performed manually. It is therefore desirable to develop a more general and repeatable method for defining recharge areas for aquifers.The purpose of this study was to investigate two other possible methods to delineate recharge areas for aquifers. The first method was to examine the possibility of using the topography of the bedrock to define the recharge areas for aquifers. To enable this, a method for generating the topography of the bedrock was developed.

During 2006 SNVDB (the national road data base for forestry) is being introduced to Holmen Skog. This data base contains all information about Holmen Skogs road systems. The information will then be used in different kinds of optimisation models which only produce correct and reliable results if the input data are of the adequate quality. Today there are reasons to believe that road data is of various qualities. The forest roads are often in a bad condition and have to be improved before a planned harvest. The cost of maintenance and construction of new roads is a large part of the total harvesting cost.

Vid 1980-talet var det många chefer som var övertygade om att traditionella mått av finansi-ella prestationer inte lät dem styra effektivt och de ville byta måtten till operationella mått.1 Det traditionella måttet, produktivitet, handlade om förhållandet mellan input och output me-dan det operationella måttet handlade om relationen mellan en ansvarsenhets output och dess mål.2 Tidigare tog man hänsyn bara till produktiviteten, men så småningom menade vissa att man borde titta på effektiviteten istället för produktiviteten. Robert Kaplan och David Norton sammanförde dessa idéer i en modell som heter det balanserade styrkortet. Syftet med denna uppsats är att, med stöd av det balanserade styrkortet, ta fram mått för hur Group Assurance skall kunna utvärdera Sandviks bolagsstyrning och interna kontroll. Författarna har genomfört en kvalitativ fallstudie på Sandvik AB genom intervjuer samt tagit del av några interna dokument från Sandvik AB. Vi har kommit fram till att Sandviks vision är att vara affärsledande inom sitt område, det perspektiv som undersöks är det interna processperspektivet, målet med bolagsstyrningen är att ha en tydlig roll- och ansvarfördelning i hela koncernen, de kritiska framgångsfaktorerna med bolagsstyrningen är organisationsscheman, tydliga regler och befattningsbeskrivningar och måtten beräknas med hjälp av enkäter.

As a consequence of increasing wind power installations in the Nordic grid the last years, the need for regulating power has become larger. In the Nordic grid, regulating power is mainly provided by hydro power. One part of the regulating power is called frequency control, which ensures that the grid frequency is stable and close to 50 Hz.However, setting the turbine into frequency controlled operation may cause stress and wear of the components in the mechanical control system. Frequency controlling implies large and frequent servo forces and longer travelling distance of the sliding bearings in the Kaplan turbine.Based on one selected Kaplan turbine, Selsfors G1, measurements and MATLAB calculations have been performed in order to determine forces and movements of the linkage system. With these forces and movements as input, stresses and fatigue have been determined as well as sliding distances, bearing pressures and wear of bearings during a typical lifetime of 40 years.The results indicate that no severe wear exists on the bearings during 40 years of service.

In Kenya, many families subsist on agriculture and of the country's around 40 million residents 70% work in the agricultural sector. 50 % of the country's gross domestic production (GDP) comes from farming, and thus the country is largely dependent on income from this sector. Kenya's population has tripled in recent decades, which have led to that food availability is a growing problem. To ensure food security, it is important that the return from crops increases. The aim of this study is to evaluate what impact the use of fertilizers and improved seeds has for farmer?s economic situation and income generation.

Studien utvärderar tv-programmet Tungan rätt i mun, som är ett retorikprogram för målgruppen mellanstadiet. Programmet framtogs under hösten 2011 av Utbildningsradion (UR) med syftet att användas som lärandematerial i svenska grundskolor då ämnet retorik ska bli mer framträdande i den nya kursplanen. I undersökningen utförs en kvantitativ enkätundersökning av sammanlagt 84 barn på två mellanstadiefritidsgårdar; i Stockholm och på Öland. Barnen delades in i två lika stora grupper, en kontrollgrupp fick fylla i enkäten utan att ha sett programmet och en experimentgrupp fick först titta och sedan fylla i samma enkät. Denna enkät bestod av fyra frågor med öppna svar som rättades inför analysen med hjälp av ett rättningsschema framtaget tillsammans med en specialpedagog för mellanstadiet.Syftet med utvärderingen av programmet var att se om barnen tar till sig de konkreta retoriktips de får av programledaren Elaine Eksvärd, legitimerad retorikkonsult.

During the last years, the importance of sourcing in firms has increased. Globalization, fierce competition and an increased level of outsourcing are common explanations to why firms have highlighted the potential to realize savings and the value creation that the Purchasing department can generate. One trend that follows in parallel with globalization is an increased pressure from society on firms to take responsibility for the impact that its products and services have on the environment. This responsibility creates even more attention as outsourcing involves trade with suppliers in low wage countries, where the level of environmental and social responsibility is not always satisfying. The Purchasing department, the firm?s interface with suppliers should therefore, together with the firm?s Environmental department, play a key role in the firm?s contribution towards sustainable development.

Horse keeping is gaining an increasing interest in Sweden. During 2004 to 2010 the number of horses increased with 10 - 20 %, and was estimated to be 362 700 in 2010. Julmyra Horse Center (JHC), situated in Heby municipality, is a gated community for people sharing a large interest for horses and a vision of a sustainable horse management has been formulated. This study evaluates how the horse keeping of today at JHC, and how an expansion of the horse keeping may affect the risk of enhanced phosphorus load to the nearby lake system Vansjön ? Nordsjön.

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze a group of participants (social workers, contact families and the young adults who had been given a contact family as children) and monitor their experience of the intervention contact family and its goals, contents and design. We also wanted to look into what goals and guidelines are available regarding the interventions design and contents. We also looked into parts of the intervention which the participants found most useful for them individually. The method we used in our study was qualitative interviews. We compared and analyzed our results to research made on the subject and the theoretical frame.

The purpose of this thesis work is to create a prototype for an augmented reality application that isaimed to support service technician when performing service and maintenance of machines andengines. The prototype will be used for investigating what technical limitations there is and toestablish basic usability for the user interface. The method that is used is user studies and analysis toevaluate use cases and user stories. An iterative work process is then applied for design and theprototype is continuously user tested.The resulting prototype uses a Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 running on Android operating system. Theframework used for augmented reality is NyARToolkit which handles marker recognition andconnections to Android.

Det är viktigt att bygga affärssystem med hög användbarhet, så att användarna ska kunna arbeta med affärssystemet så effektivt som möjligt. Rapporten beskriver en grundmodell, där modellen är ett arbetssätt för att höja nivån på användbarheten i en produkt.Modellen består av fyra steg. Första steget är att göra en PACT-analys för att få bakgrundsinformation om hur systemet kommer att användas. Andra steget är att skapa olika scenarier (beskrivning av uppgifter som användaren skulle kunna utföra med systemet), samt strukturera information med hjälp av en ?Sequence model?.