The Swedish alcohol policy has by tradition a restrictive composition, with high taxes and the Swedish Alcohol Retailing Monopoly as important elements. The Moderate Party has been powerful critics of the alcohol policy and has advocated a reformation. However, today the Moderate Party seems to have changed the attitude towards the alcohol policy and it even supports the Swedish initiative to create cooperation about alcohol matters at the EU level.This thesis examines why the Moderate Party has changed its attitude towards the restrictive alcohol policy. Three aspects have been considered: the rise of a European public policy, strategic choice, and the influence of the political environment. The paper discusses the problem from a strategic perspective, which means that the political change is viewed as a result of strategic considerations.The party has indeed been affected by all of the three aspects, although to different extent.

The aim of this study is to describe and analyse the cooperation between the public employment service and the refugee reception in a medium-sized municipality in southern Sweden on basis of the establishment reform. The study examines how the collaborative process is regarded when it comes to implementation of the reform, and when it comes to the directives and resource allocation between the employment services and the refugee reception. The study also focuses on the deficiencies and the benefits that can be discerned with the establishment reform at local level.A qualitative data collection method has been used. It is semi-structured interviews with workers from the public employment service and the refugee reception. Information materials and evaluations that various authorities have made have also been investigated.The study concludes that it is important that the directives are clarified and that a new local and regional agreement will be established on paper.

The title of this thesis is ?Accessible Landscape - boardwalks in nature areas?. The main purpose of this thesis is to show how you can increase the accessibility for disabled people by constructing boardwalks in nature areas. The platform for the thesis is a study of litterature on boardwalks, accessibility and disabilities. After defining these terms I made three excursions to three different locations in the south of Sweden. During the excursions I evaluated the boardwalks situated in each of the areas through preferences such as the construction of the boardwalk, its design and the accessibility. After the excursions I interviewed managers of the areas I visited, and people working with disability questions in the municipalities where the excursions took place. To know how to make a boardwalk accessible you need to have knowledge about certain concepts, rules and recommendations. My thesis deals with aspects such as: *Accessibility *Disability *Rules and recommendations when building boardwalks *Real life - evaluation from the excursions and interviews with the managers The result shows that accessibility is a hot topic in Sweden and a lot of improvement is being done with fi nancial support from the European Union.

Många kommuner i Sverige har höga ambitioner att antal cyklister ska öka i just deras kommun. Men faktum är att bara två kommuner i hela Sverige, Linköping och Malmö, har lyckats tagit fram en cykelplan som har blivit godkänd av Trafikverket. En av många kommuner som blivit underkända är Södertälje. Att cykelvägar mellan kommuner inte byggs beror i stor del på den bristande finansieringen, både inom kommunen och från Trafikverket. Men också av att kommunens eget planeringsunderlag för regionala cykelvägar är bristfälligt.Syftet med examensarbetet är att utifrån ett arbetspendlingsperspektiv ge underlag för planering av Södertäljes regionala cykelvägar och utgör ett exempel på metod som kan tillämpas vid projektering av cykelvägar över kommungränser.

Livskraftiga företag har en förmåga att använda sig av externa resurser för att kunna lösa sina problem där de interna resurserna inte är tillräckliga. Småföretag har inte möjlighet att ha alla resurser själva utan måste specialisera sig för att kunna bli mer konkurrenskraftiga i en ständigt ändrande omvärld.Syftet med denna undersökning är belysa vilka olika kommunikationskanaler småföretag använder sig av och vilka faktorer som påverkar valet när de söker externa resurser. Det teoretiska ramverket består av kommunikationsprocessen och kommunikationskanaler. Kommunikationskanalerna består av nätverk, internet, mässor och reklam.  Denna kvalitativa studie är utförd på småföretag inom metallbearbetningsindustrin.

ABSTRACTTitle: The defend of the picture ? a comparison of recruitment advertisements from the Swedish Armed Forces / Bilden av försvaret? en jämförande studie av Försvarsmaktens rekryteringsannonserNumber of pages: 35Author: Greta SimonssonTutor: Mats LindCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Autumn Semester 2007University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala UniversityAim: Do the messages in the recruitment advertisements from the Swedish Armed Forces differ between such advertisements produced in the ?defense against invasion? era and those produced in the present, more internationally oriented era, when analyzed using semiotics? And, how are these advertisements understood by their receivers?Material and method: Interviews, a focus group and semiotic analysis.Main results: The messages in the recruitment advertisements have changed. In line with the changed focus of the Swedish Armed Forces to more international cooperation and missions, the present day advertisements do indeed have a more international and aggressive focus.Keywords: Swedish Armed Forces, information, recruitment, advertisements, semeiotics..

Since Sweden became a member of the European Union (EU) several constitutional reforms has been taking place. During this time, Sweden has also changed its view on democracy,from a collective to an individual perspective of democracy in the politics. A reasonable hypothesis and the purpose of this essay is to investigate if the Swedish government has beendeveloped towards an Europeanization.The Swedish state audit changed in a pioneering way after the EU- entry, with the formation of Riksrevisionen. Another constitutional change is that the Swedish EU- membership is being instituted in the Swedish constitution. The role of Swedish courts has also changed since the EU- entry.

The company Somas, Säffle, has assigned Fredrik Kjellin the project of finding out how ?KVTF DN250?, one of their own valves, reacts on cutting forces under production. They wish to know if and then how much it?s possible to minimize the wall thickness of the valve with neither plastic nor to big elastic deformations caused by processing.The most critical processes have been identified as rough lathing. The study has shown that the marginal for a wall thickness of two millimeters, to fall short of the yield stress in the most critical process, is good.

This study aims to examine preschool teachers' thoughts about the child libraries functions. The purpose is to highlight preschool children's early read and writing skills, before they even can read and write, which is a theory called emergent literacy.This is made by conducting five qualitative interviews, with the intention to investigate how the preschool teachers think about the cooperation and the function of the child library, partly for their own work with the children and partly for their organization. By using a tablechart which shows each preschool teachers mostly common thoughts in the interview and by using a model based upon Harrysson and Joelsson (2006) model, which shows the functions of the public library in the society. The results of the study are presented in the four categories of the model which are; to borrow, to learn, to ask and to find, to reside. These are functions that the preschool teachers see with the library, for their work with the childrens' early literacy.

Several factors can affect the childbirth experience among parents. Previous research showed that parental education was insufficient. Parents who participated in both regular parental classes and psychoprophylaxis education were more satisfied with the psychoprophylaxis education compared to those who participated in only traditional parental classes. Psychoprophylaxis should be more considered as it could help the woman to handle her pain and contribute to increased self-esteem. The aim was to describe and illustrate the parents' childbirth experiences when psychoprophylaxis was used as childbirth preparation.

This qualitative study investigates the conditions on the labour market for disabled people by examining which factors and processes contribute to disabled peoples inclusion to, or exclusion from the open labour market. Stigmatisation is also used as an analytical tool to better understand the exclusion of disabled people from the open labour market. The material to this study is drawn from qualitative interviews with the employees of the Swedish Employment Agency which specialises in supporting disabled people to find employment.  In conclusion, disabled people face several barriers which makes them more susceptible to become excluded from the open labour market. Such excluding barriers include a demand for high efficiency and productivity from employers, bigger cooperation?s and public organisations unwillingness to employ disabled people and prejudices from employers, especially against people with psychiatric disabilities. The employees of the Swedish Employment Agency suggest that they would be able to work more efficiently to help disabled people find employment if they had to do less administrative work, and would be able to work with fewer clients per employee.

De första skogsägarföreningarna bildades under 1910- och 1920-talen för att i första hand främja en bättre skötsel av böndernas skogar. Under skogsägarföreningarnas snart hundraåriga historia har deras roll sedan förändrats. På grund av skogsindustrins starka ställning gentemot bönderna kom virkesförmedlingen ganska snart få en viktig roll i föreningarna.Det var dock först genom andra världskrigets brännvedshantering som skogsägarföreningarna kunde nå en större del av landets bönder och skogsägare. När skogsägarrörelsen växte och blev allt större kom tanken om att en egen industri i föreningarnas regi skulle förstärka skogsägarnas position på virkesmarknaden ytterligare. Brist på kapital gjorde dock att en industrisatsning drog ut på tiden.

This essay conducts a descriptive analysis of the ideas expressed by NATO´s official security strategy "Strategic Concept" from 2010 and the European Union?s security strategy "A Secure Europe in a Better World" from 2003. The purpose of this analysis is to examine whether the ESDP and NATO are compatible with each other when it comes to the role of security policy actor. To do so, I´ve chosen to analyse the actors' security strategies based on three dimensions. These dimensions are: Their view of the international scene, their views on cooperation and their views on how to reach security.

This essay examines the environmental ideological direction of the Swedish parliamentary parties through the private members motions directed to the committee of industry and trade and the committee of environment and agriculture during the governmental time from 2002 to 2006.The environmental ideologies explained is anthropocentrism, ecocentrism and biocentrism. Based on the ideas of these three ideologies main points the private members motions directed to the committee of industry and trade and the committee of environment and agriculture, also matching the search words environment and energy, was compared and analysed.What has emerged is that all parliamentary parties express a desire to create an energy production and producing guide lines which are stringent environmentally and matches the safety requirements. Although the approach to environmental and safety standards differ significantly between them. Basically all Swedish parliamentary parties are more or less anthropocentric in its arguments, which in short terms means that they estimate natures and animals value through their usability for humans or based on their contribution to human feelings of wellbeing.The Centre Party and the Green Party shows hints of weak ecocentrism because in many cases they put animal intrinsic value high, but the human value higher. Moderates are predominantly anthropocentric but they also express some hint of biocentrism in one statement concerning research in order to reduce and rebuild environmentally destroyed areas.

AbstractSince democracy was developed in the ancient Greece it has come to be used within a small city state, within the national state and as today used within a bigger perspective. After the end of the second world war political leaders wanted to make sure that there would never be a war between European countries again. Now, about 60 years later this type of cooperation now involves 27 of the European countries and goes under the name of the Euroapean Union. This means that democracy is no longer used just within the nation state, but within a big organisation that is responsible for almost 500 million Europeans lives. This also means that the European Union need to make some institutional reforms to be able to handle all the future challenges.