AbstractThe employer is obliged to initiate negotiations with the union organization to which the employer is bound by a collective agreement. This applies both to decisions which imply a substantial change in workplace operations or employment conditions of the individual employee. In case law this obligation has been very extensive through all cases that have been up in the Swedish Labor court. Due to this fact the employer?s duty to negotiate has been interpreted very broadly.

The intimate connection between autonomy and decision-making in applied health care, especially in various kinds of consent and refusal has taken center stage in medical ethics since the Salgo decision in 1957. Prior to that time, the physician?s supposedly moral duty to provide appropriate medical care typically surpassed the legal obligation to respect patient?s autonomy. The Salgo decision concluded that physicians have a legal duty to provide facts necessary for the patient to make an informed decision. "The doctor knows best" long ago was replaced with "The doctor proposes; the patient disposes." There is no legal obligation for the patient?s choice to be palatable to anyone, other than that patient himself/herself.

Background: Sweden has, since 1983, had a statutory audit for all joint-stock companies. However, according to EG?s fourth corporation directive, member countries can decide on their own if this applies for small joint-stock companies. An investigation was launched in the fall of 2006 to form an opinion on the importance of the audit reporting by law and what an abolishment of this rule would mean for small joint-stock companies. Critics are claiming that the cost of audit for small companies is exceeding the cause in these micro companies.Audit is regulated by Swedish translation (RS) of International Standards on Auditing (ISA) and is to be applied in all companies comprised by the statutory audit.

Det här examensarbetet presenterar en evaluering av en Klockkorrigerare av klockpulsbredd. Den består främst av en korrigerare av klockpulsbredd (Duty Cycle Corrector DCC) och även en fördröjningslåst loop (Delayed Locked Loop DLL). Det finns många olika korrigerare av klockpulsbredden designade förut, de två populäraste arkitekturerna då har varit enkel eller dubbel återkopplings loop. Den huvudsakliga skillnaden mellan dem är att enkel återkopplings loop använder sig av en öppen loop medan den dubbla varianten istället har en stängd loop. I det här projektet kommer en ny arkitektur att presenteras.

The aim of this study is to contribute knowledge about how preschool teachers reason around their role in the work with children being maltreated. The study has been based on the following questions: How do the preschool teachers identify children being maltreated ? How do the preschool teachers act after they have identified a child thats being maltreated? What difficulties experienced preschool teachers based on their professional roles related to child maltreatment? The method used in the study is a focus group interview, which is a kind of informal group discussion. The result shows that there are difficulties in the preschool regarding the work with children being maltreated. Some of the difficulties that the preschool teachers raised was the contact with the guardians, society?s negative perception of the social services, that all the notifications must go through the pre-school manager and that they don?t have so much experience of notifications. .

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how staff at secondary schools are thinking and reasoning about notifications to social services based on norm breaking behaviors in students. To find this out five qualitative interviews has been made with counselors in two public schools and three private schools in Örebro län. The results show that there is no clear definition of what norm breaking behavior is which making the reasoning difficult. There are clear procedures for the staff to dealing with norm breaking behaviors but they do not know when they will be applied. The decision to report behavior to the social service is usually not taken individually, it is a result of several people?s views and experiences.

AbstractWorking as a lawyer demands not only legal skills, but also ethical ones due to the involvement with humans. The area of ethics is far from as regulated as the area of law is. The reasons for this are both historical ? as the area of ethics is, in comparison with the practice of law, a relatively new area, especially combined with the traditional work of lawyers ? and technical, since ethics is an area that seems difficult to regulate due to its adopting skills. Ethics looks different depending on which work area it addresses; who you ask; and in what situation it shall be enlightened.

The intensity of cleaning declined dramatically in the early 1990?s in the Swedish forests. Recession, an economic depressed forestry and the new law of silviculture from 1993, where the duty of cleaning was removed have been considered as sources to the decline. This has led to a situation where huge areas of forests are untouched, which can lead to negative effects for those stands in the future. The purpose of this thesis was to find out how the individual landowner acts and feel when it concerns cleaning activities. Has the landowner noticed Södra?s campaigns about cleaning and what sort of measure should Södra implement to increase the members? cleaning activity? The thesis is based on a opinion poll made through a random draw among all Södra?s members.

Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop 1914 - 1931, understands his role as bishop from an integrated theological conception that episcopacy is a gift to the church and the apostolic succession a heritage of utmost value. Episcopacy is an important tool to make the churches come together. in his work for peace during the Great War it was through his position without any power that he could approach the politicians. His calling was not only for Sweden; he had a responsibility for the whole world. In the Ecumenical Cope for the 1925 Stockholm meeting Söderblom expressed his views on the importance of the Uppsala see.

SammanfattningAv störst vikt vid en företagsförvärvsprocess är huruvida säljaren och köparen reglerar sina ansvarsområden och bestämmer gränser för riskövergången i köpeavtalet. Ur rättsäkerhetssynpunkt är det essentiellt att kunna förutsäga och identifiera riskerna redan vid avtalsslutet. Det ligger ofta i parternas intresse att så långt som möjligt reglera förutsättningarna redan vid ingående och utformning av ett köpeavtal.Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka samspelet och följden av att säljaren inför garantiutfästelser i ett köpeavtal kontra resultatet av att köparen faktiskt genomför en due diligence-undersökning innan ett köpeavtal kommer till stånd. Detta genomförs med utgångspunkt i diskussionen kring riskfördelning mellan avtalsparterna, köplagens regler om säljarens upplysningsplikt, köparens undersökningsplikt och den allmänna lojalitetsplikten som åligger avtalsparter.Utgångspunkten vid formuleringen av avtal mellan parterna anses vara det köprättsliga felbegreppet med dess utgångspunkt i köparens befogade förväntningar på det överlåtna objektet. En genomförd due diligence och införande av garantier i köpeavtal kan innebära att riskövergången regleras och de befogade förväntningarna preciseras vilket leder till förutsägbarhet och säkerhet för parterna att kunna förutse eventuella framtida risker.

The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding about the police profession's impact on the singular individual, with a focus on roles, regions and emotions. The main question is to understand if and then so, how individuals outside of work will be affected of the profession and professional events. In order to answer this question I carried out six semi-structured in-depth interviews with police officers who worked at the main office in a police region in a midsize city in Sweden. To ensure reliability and allow readers to conduct their own assessments the quotations in this study are anonymous. The analysis of the collected material is based on selected parts of Goffman's theories about dramaturgical perspective as well as selected emotion theories.

This thesis is   focused on identifying and documenting all   electrical equipment, such as devices, power lines / cables, and connectors in the facility and also on presenting a brief   technical description and information of the systems around the reactors.   Furthermore there will be a brief description of LabVIEW - which is a   graphical programming language- and which devices / elements   are programmed. For further notification, I am not   responsible for the programming of the devices in LabVIEW   which I have only used as a tool in my work. The plant   for production of biogas consists of four reactors   of which the third reactor (Lakbädden)   is connected to another reactor (UASB)   where they cooperate with each other.   The reactors are used for producing   biogas in the form of methane gas.The reactors I and II are   connected to, various electrical devices as, flow meters, temperature   sensors, frequency converter and   more.

Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop 1914 - 1931, understands his role as bishop from an integrated theological conception that episcopacy is a gift to the church and the apostolic succession a heritage of utmost value. Episcopacy is an important tool to make the churches come together. in his work for peace during the Great War it was through his position without any power that he could approach the politicians. His calling was not only for Sweden; he had a responsibility for the whole world. In the Ecumenical Cope for the 1925 Stockholm meeting Söderblom expressed his views on the importance of the Uppsala see.

I min uppsatts kommer jag att utgå från en berättelse som beskriver ett fall av orosanmälan som jag upplevde i mitt arbete på förskolan. Anmälan grundades på barnets berättelse och resulterade i ett samtal på ett kriscentrum i närvaro av polis, psykolog och åklagare, utan föräldrars vetskap.Jag valde essäform för min uppsats därför att den skrivformen bjuder på ett reflekterande tillvägagångssätt och lämpar sig för mitt känsliga ämne. Genom att gestalta anmälningspliktens skuggsidor vill jag försöka bringa förståelse för den väldigt känslosamma företeelsen.Jag kommer att belysa vad anmälningsplikten går ut på samt undersöka vilka är mina skyldigheter som pedagog vid anmälningar. Jag kommer att reflektera kring barnets utsatta position, föräldrars samt de anmälande pedagogernas svåra läge.Min uppsats genomsyras av tanken att anmälningsplikten kan te sig som en hård lag men ändå en lag som skall följas utan förbehåll. Pedagogens eget omdöme bör inte förekomma vid orosanmälan.

The aim of the study is to describe and analyze bank officials' views about what auditors will do. The main motivation comes from the government?s proposals that the audit duty will be abolished and it can lead to that bank officials in a bigger extent can influence the audit?s formulation. It can also lead to that a consumer audit becomes reality. The study covers a sample of 302 bank officials where 153 have participated through a survey questionnaire.