The aim of this essay is, with reference to a close study on the negotiation delegations of the Tenant Association, to examine the principals of democracy in relation to distribution of power and participation, efficiency and professionalism. This is done with the intention to understand the Tenant Association's view on its own commission as negotiator, according to democracy. The investigation is carried out on the Tenant Association in the Swedish cities of Stockholm, Malmö and Gothenborg.The data acquisition was obtained by using a questionnaire and through interviews with representatives from the Tenant Association negotiation delegation.A central conclusion from this investigation is that the representatives of the Tenant Association generally are satisfied with the democracy model used in the organisation, despite awareness of the fact that there are some failures with representation amongst younger people, women and immigrants. Also, they suggest that the model with representative democracy is by all means the most useful because of its arrangement and efficiency in decision making processes.The policies of the Tenant Association, considering distribution of power and participation between elected representatives and employees, are legitimated by the negotiation delegates. However, there is obvious discrepancy in the look upon their respective tasks between the delegates and the chief negotiators.One can recognise the development of democracy that is called New Public Management in this survey.

Abstrakt -  As energy prices rise, energy-saving in buildings is becoming increasingly important. By applying different construction and installation technologies, to new buildings the energy consumption can be reduced effectively, compared to similar existing buildings. These technical measures are often an investment in the long term and will reduce energy costs significantly. The purpose of this report is to show how to reduce energy consumption in a small house. It is presented in this report that both building's technical saving arrangements (the sealing of a building) and an installation technical arrangement (changing from the F-system to the FTX-system) would reduce energy consumption in newly built detached houses, if compared with a similar existing house but without these technical measures. The report presents also detailed calculations showing how much energy an existing 2-storey house, built in the year 2007 in Eskilstuna, consumes and how much energy would be saved if these corrective measures were applied to a new building. It is also reported how much money would be saved each year over a 10 year period if the measures were applied. The results show that both solutions are a good investment in the reduction of energy consumption and hence the cost involved. Keywords: energy, heat energy, infiltration, FTX-system, free temperature effectively. .

Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka bankernas tillvägagångssätt när de lämnar krediter till en kund, vilka skillnader och likheter finns mellan de olika bankerna och på vilket sätt använder de sig av riskhantering vid kreditbedömning av hushåll?Metod: För insamling av det empiriska materialet har vi använt en         kvalitativ metod, i form av intervjuer med bankchefer. Det empiriska materialet analyserade vi främst utifrån teoretiskt material kring risker och riskmanagement, konkurrens och relationer.Slutsats: Riskbedömningen hos de olika bankerna görs i stora drag likartat, men det finns skillnader i bankernas hantering när det kommer till handläggarens frihet och hur de personliga relationerna spelar in. Vi kan se att riskhantering sker till stor del reaktivt, bankerna är passiva i förändring av riskhantering och behåller rutinerna så länge som möjligt. Undersökningen visar även att bolånen inte längre är den starka konkurrensfaktorn den tidigare varit för bankerna..

The purpose of this Bachelor's thesis is to study the reasoning behind classification, cataloging and shelf arrangement of nonfiction graphic novels in public libraries. The aim was to examine which aspects of accessibility influence in which collection nonfiction graphic novels are placed.With qualitative semi-structured interviews we learned how six librarians motivated their choices concerning nonfiction graphic novels. We also interviewed a cataloger from Bibliotekstjänst to examine how nonfiction graphic novels are classified. In our analysis we compared our results to theories and practices concerning alternative shelf arrangements in libraries and legitimization of graphic novels. We found three types of shelf arrangements for nonfiction graphic novels: graphic novel shelf, nonfiction classification code and a mix of the two.

This thesis investigates the situation for comics in Swedish public libraries. The main questions is separated into two groups, the first dealing with the physical situation were we investigate placement, cataloguing and shelf arrangement. The second deals with the librarians attitudes towards comics and how they may affect their work. The base for this thesis is the idea that the comic medium may sometimes be treated different than the rest of the libraries collections. Because of this, a theoretical basis is developed which focus on different views on comics.

Starting in January 2007, capital adequacy of internationally active banks will be regulated by the new Basel Capital Accord, International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards ? a revised framework, [Basel II]. The framework introduces for the first time minimum capital requirements for operational risk and encourages market discipline of capital adequacy by initiating requirements for public disclosure of quantitative and qualitative information on operational risk exposure. This thesis examines the nature, definition, management and public disclosure of operational risk in Scandinavian banks based on regulations and recommendations presented in Basel II. We find that the models currently available for addition of operational risk to the capital requirement do not reflect actual operational risk exposure of banks.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att visa hur banker balanserar lönsamhetskrav med rollen som samhällsfunktion. För att uppfylla syftet formulerades tre forskningsfrågor om hur banker identifierar och hanterar olönsamma kunder samt behandlar samhällsansvar gällande finansiell uteslutning. En fallstudie baserades på intervjuer med kontorscheferna på tre lokala bankkontor i medelstor svensk stad. Det empiriska resultatet presenterades anonymt för att få härligare och mer uttömmande information. Resultatet visade att banker använder ögonblickligt värde för att analysera kunder värde och när det gäller hantering av olönsamma kunder finns risk för finansiell uteslutning främst på grund av kreditkrav och riktad marknadsföring.

Research issue: The transition from Basel II to Basel III becomes consuming for banks, financially. But Basel III should be profitably for financial market economy. Risks in the financial world is very complex. Is Basel III is sufficient to manage risk and future crisesPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of Basel II and the transition to Basel III in Sweden with the banking system in focus.Method: The study has a qualitative research methodology for the collection of empirical data. The study is based on interviews with four large banks of Sweden (Swedbank, SEB, Nordea, Handelsbanken) and with Finansinspektionen.

Background and problem: The importance of banks was clearly shown during the last financial crises, when the crises that started in the banking sector spread to the rest of the world. This is one of the reasons that this thesis is focused on banks in particular, one other reason is that a lot of previous studies has chosen to exclude banks because of the fact that their balance sheet differ from non-financial companies. This thesis is a beginning in filling in the gap that exists in the knowledge of banks capital structure. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to prove that it is possible to explain the capital structure in banks and that differences in the capital structure of the banks in Great Britain, Sweden and the United states of America exists. Method: The fact that our study is partly a replication of two earlier studies made a deductive approach most appropriate.

The present project was initiated with the aim to create pattern modules for use in public environments. My intention was to let the properties, of the specific materials used, have a marked influence on the realisation of the final form. I also wanted to find a material, which is suitable from the perspective of sustainabilityand possibilities to create modules from it. The work was initiated with a study of some candidate materials and many sketches before I finally made my choice. My decision was clear after a visit to the company Glasfabriken inKalmar.

The purpose of this study is to portray conflict managing associated with children in a small class and what problems they may face each day at school. What types of conflicts and what consequences do teachers practice? This study is based on these following questions:Is there any difference for solving/measure for students with psychosocial problems or ADHD in a conflict or does teachers still works with the same methods?What types of conflict solving does schools use?What is important to consider with students in a small class who has psychosocial problems and ADHD to prevent conflicts?Summary: To answer my questions in this study, I´ve used qualitative methods, interviews and observations. I have used my cellphone for recording the interviews so that all content from the informers are accurate. My theoretical points concerns on having strict rules both inside and outside the classroom.

Syfte och frågeställningar : TidsNätverket i Bergsjön, upprättat i augusti år 2007 i Göteborg, är en verksamhet grundad på time bank-modell. Syftet med undersökningen är ?att studera vilka positiva och negativa erfarenheter av TidsNätverket i Bergsjön som dess deltagare ger uttryck för samt vilka konsekvenser verksamheten har fått för dem med avseende på empowerment och socialt kapital?. Mina frågeställningar är: 1) Vilka positiva och negativa erfarenheter av TidsNätverket i Bergsjön ger dess deltagare uttryck för? 2) Vilka konsekvenser har TidsNätverket i Bergsjön haft för uppkomsten av empowerment och socialt kapital hos deltagarna?Metod och material : Studien använder sig av semi-strukturerade intervjuer med deltagare, ostrukturerade intervjuer med den verksamhetsansvarige, liksom studier av intern dokumentation.

The subject of this thesis is studying how physical libraryenvironments express ideas on the function of the library, asstated in guiding documents. The ?physical library? isdefined as everything inside the library building, andexcludes the library architecture, focusing on things likefurniture, furnishing and the arrangement of physical media.The two questions asked in this thesis are: What aspects ofthe idea of a public library?s function, as expressed in theguiding documents of the library, are possible to study in thephysical library environment? In what ways can theseaspects be studied in the physical library environment?The study of the thesis is divided into two parts, a ?prestudy?and a ?main study?. In the pre-study aspects areidentified by reading guiding documents from differentpublic libraries, and analysing the result together withprevious studies on physical library environments. In themain study three Swedish public libraries (located inHelsingborg, Åstorp and Klippan) are visited, and theirenvironments are studied based on theory on what items andmeans of expression can influence the experience of thelibrary function.The four aspects that are identified in the pre-study areculture, education, accessibility, and development.According to the results of the main study, culture isexpressed in the library environment through aesthetics,education through the environment being inviting andstimulating for studies, accessibility by the environmentbeing inviting, functional and democratic, and developmentby modernity.

Sweden is known to be one of the world?s most equal countries. Nevertheless, out  of  Sweden?s 262 listed companies, only seven  of  them  has  a  female  president, which  is  equal  to  3,4  percent. To  counteract  these  numbers  there  are  several  possibilities.  One  arrangement  that  is  highly  controversial     is  affirmative  actions.  But  there  are  other  options,  for  instance  more  and  more female  networks  are  starting  to  rise  and  many  of  them  also  offers  a  mentoring  program  where  the  mentee  gets  the  opportunity  to  learn  from  someone  with  more  experience.The  purpose  of  this  study  is  to  examine  what  difference  the  female  network  Q80,  with  focus  on  its  mentoring  program,  is  doing  for  the  mentee.  As  an  underlying  purpose  the  study  is  also  examining  what  visions  and  attitudes  the  management  and  the  mentors  is  communicating  within  Q80.  The  focus  is  mainly  on  the  visions  of  Q80,  menas  mentors  and  business  exceeding mentorship.  A  survey  has  been  carried  out  among  mentees  from  three  different  seats of mentoring  programs  where  they  have  answered  19  different  questions  regarding  their  time  as  a  mentee.  Furthermore  interviews  have  taken  place  with the management  of Q80  and  two  mentors.  The  results  are  analyzed  based  on  theories  about  gender,  women  in   management,  leadership,  mentoring  program  and  organizational structure.  The  result  shows  that  Q80i  as  a  source  of  inspiration  and  a  support  for  the  category  of  "career  women"  with  its  core  mission  to  strengthen  the  participation of  individuals  on  a  personal  level  more than  to  work  to  even  out  the  gap  in  the  Swedish  labor market.

Målsättningen med kursen management är enligt kursbeskrivningen att utveckla en helhetssyn på företag samt ledning och styrning av företag. Avsikten är att studenterna ska få insikt i managementaspekter genom praktiskt arbete och genom aktivt deltagande vid olika kursmoment. : - Ökad självinsikt ger större förståelse för det egna beteendet och för andra människors beteenden. Genom ökad självkännedom kan ledning och medarbetare bättre utnyttja ett företags resurser.- I arbetslivet är öppen kommunikation och väl fungerande feedback viktiga element för att hålla samman en organisation och team inom denna.- Motivation är en viktig drivkraft i allt arbete. Faktorer som påverkar motivation är exempelvis ansvar, förtroende och stöd samt rättvisa.- Uppställning av vision och mål är viktigt för att driva arbetet framåt i rätt riktning i en organisation eller i ett team.- Det är viktigt att ha en öppen dialog för att undvika konflikter.