SammanfattningSyftet med studien var att beskriva och sammanställa befintlig forskning om de etiska konflikterna, som ambulanspersonal ställs inför i samband med HLR och att inventera om prehospitala HLR riktlinjer tar hänsyn till etiska aspekter på HLR. En litteraturstudie genomfördes där tretton vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Resultatet visade att etiska konflikter uppstod när det gällde ambulanspersonalens beslut om att påbörja HLR eller inte, på patienter som av litteraturen beskrevs som terminalt sjuka eller äldre terminalt sjuka patienter. Ibland kränkte ambulanspersonalen patienternas autonomi genom att påbörja HLR mot patienternas och de anhörigas vilja, trots att det existerade en Ej HLR önskan från patienterna och deras anhöriga. Den huvudsakliga orsaken till att sådana situationer uppstod var oklarheter i lagstiftningen omkring prehospitala HLR riktlinjer i USA och Kanada.

Vad som kanske kan kallas den traditionella förklaringsmodellen för metaforer inom filosofin, hänvisar till metaforisk mening, en mening som sägs uttryckas av metaforer parallellt med deras bokstavliga mening. Det har också gjorts försök att skissera system för hur den metaforiska meningen kan vaskas fram ur den bokstavliga.I ?What Metaphors Mean? kritiserade Donald Davidson sådana teorier och försök, och sa att man måste överge föreställningen om den metaforiska meningen. Metaforer, skrev Davidson, betyder inget utöver det de betyder bokstavligen, och alla effekter de har som ?vanligt? språk inte har, åstadkommer de med andra medel än de lingvistiska.

The present essay concerns Walter Benjamin?s thought regarding history and temporality as he articulated it in his last work that was only published posthumously: ?U?ber den Begriff der Geschichte?. The purpose is to analyze Benjamin?s construction of historical materialism and to suggest a reading of it as directed towards an opening of history. For Walter Benjamin, every moment presents itself as a possibility of radical otherness: a possibility for things to be different.

Syftet med studien är att ta reda på pedagogers perspektiv och förståelse för hur barn blir bemötta enligt riktlinjer om normer och värden i den reviderade läroplanen för förskolan, Lpfö 98 (Skolverket 2010). Forskningsfrågor i studie är: Hur tolkar pedagoger läroplanens riktlinjer om normer och värden? Vilket förhållningssätt utifrån normer och värden använder pedagoger sig av i förhållande till barn i verksamheten? Hur kan pedagogers perspektiv av normer och värden uttrycka sig i praktiken?Undersökningen i studie grundar sig på en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Skriftlig intervju och observationer med nio respondenter och sju ostrukturerade observationer på flera förskolor. Av resultatet från de skriftliga intervjuerna ser vi att diskussion om normer och värden på förskolorna är viktiga för att få en förståelse för riktlinjer i läroplanen, Lpfö 98 (2010).

Inledning: Inom rättspsykiatrisk vård är det viktigt att personalen har förmåga att leva sig in i det unika hos en person samt att etisk reflektion och hänsyn måste ges plats. Det är således relevant att undersöka vad personalen inom rättspsykiatrisk vård har för inställning till begreppen etisk medvetenhet och empatiskt förhållningssätt. Syfte: Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka personalens inställning till begreppen empatiskt förhållningssätt och etisk medvetenhet inom den rättspsykiatriska vården. Metod: En kvalitativ enkätstudie bestående av sju öppna frågor som besvarades av 15 personal inom ra?ttspsykiatrisk va?rd. Svaren analyserades med kvalitativ inneha?llsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visar att vårdpersonalen betonar vikten av att se människan bakom brottet, att anva?nda sig sja?lv som verktyg i vården samt att bemöta patienterna såsom du själv skulle vilja bli bemött i en liknande situation.

William G. Lycan undersöker i sin bok Philosophy of Language: a Contemporary Introduction möjligheten att förklara lingvistisk mening utifrån verifikationismen. Han lägger fram en mängd invändningar som tillsammans skall omkullkasta projektet. Då jag läst Lycans argument några gånger slås jag av det attraktiva med verifikationismens idé och av att jag vill syna kritiken lite närmre. Sammanfattningsvis skriver Lycan att verifikationismen utesluter en mängd uppenbarligen meningsfulla satser, inkluderar några som borde vara meningslösa och att den tillskriver satser fel mening.

The wild boar Sus scrofa population in Sweden has increased rapidly in the last decades which has led to conflicts among stakeholders, for example due to crop damages in agriculture. Thus, there is an urgent need of quantified goals and effective strategies for wild boar management. To develop such strategies, knowledge on population dynamics is fundamental. In this study a deterministic matrix model was used to estimate population growth, based on previously published data. The exponential growth rate for a wild boar population was calculated to 1.48.

The subject-matter of the following essay is to investigate the relationship between what is commonly called Deep Ecology or Biocentric Philosophy, as articulated by the co-founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess, and later proponents of the biocentric school of environmentalist thought. I contrast Naess? concept of Self-realization as founded in his Ecosophy T to the ideas of american conservationist and co-founder of the radical green movement Earth First! Dave Foreman, and to the controversial finnish environmentalist and ecofascist Pentti Linkola?s ideological agenda of population-reduction respectively.According to some critics of the movement, especially the social ecologist Murray Bookchin and French liberal philosopher Luc Ferry, the Deep Ecology ideology is essentially misanthropic and totalitarian in structure. A central idea among deep ecologists is that ecosystems and natural entities have intrinsic value in themselves, even outside a human social context. This idea is thought of among deep ecologists to create a philosophically sound basis for counteracting the environmental global crisis.

This study aims to examine the argumentation regarding freedom of speech and the statement ?je suis Charlie? (?I am Charlie?) in eight opinion articles from different Swedish web magazines. Two doctotral dissertations who?s main topics are the freedom of speech and different types of arguments regarding freedom of speach, was used in this study. The study also uses the actual Swedish law surrounding the freedom of speech, as well as the freedom of the press and breaches of these laws.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the historical use of "poison cabinets", or restricted shelves, in Swedish libraries. Drawing upon the theories of Mary Douglas and Michel Foucault, it also seeks to sketch a cultural and ideological context of the practice; with the emphasis on social or mental hygiene, and disciplinary aspects. Through qualitative interviews as well as digitalized recordings of librarians active during the first half of the 20th century, actual examples of poison cabinets are presented. A closer examination is conducted of past collections at Lund University Library, and two large public libraries situated in Växjö and Sigtuna. The essay also investigates views on library censorship, controversial literature, and other related subjects reflected in th elibrary press during the period 1916-1979.

Youth centres- A qualitative study of how midwives relate to the potential ethical dilemma between youths right to integrity and parents right to informationThe aim of this study was to investigate how midwives at youth centres relate to the potential ethical dilemma between parents? right to information that young people between 15-17 years share at the centre, vs. youths right to integrity. The study was based on qualitative interviews with six midwives in various youth centres in Stockholm County. We analysed our empirical material according to Blennbergers consequential ethical model and Bronfenbrenners ecological system model.

3In the last couple of decades there has not happened much inthe ?farriery?- department. The work procedure, methods andfarrier´s tools have stayed the same over time, which have ledto a huge workload that is wearing the active participants out.So think if you were able to ease the working process of horseshoeingfor a farrier. The farriery is still first and foremost aprofession based on handicraft that has to relay on the farrier´sgood memory, sight and sense. The workplaces for a farrieris most of the time at the hiring horse owner`s stables, whichmakes it harder for the farrier´s to have influence over theirworking situation.

During the last years, the moral and ethics in companies has been a growing subject in media. Large multinational companies are to a bigger extent using workforce in developing countries and the working conditions at the workplaces in those countries, are more or less controlled. Even if a company carefully controls its own business, it can be using subcontractors that for instance use child labour or forced labour, or in some other way makes human rights abuses. When the world gets more globalized and the market where the companies act gets bigger, there will be new issues for companies to handle. The companies have to satisfy not only the interests of the costumers and the shareholders, but also the environment around it, containing many different stakeholders.

The end of the 20th century brought a dramatic change to the music industry. The then predominant models for music consumption and sales were forever altered when the possibility to distribute music over the internet emerged. It has now become evident that it is virtually impossible to stop the distribution of digital music files. Music has turned into a non-excludable and non-rival product, which in economic terms is described as a public good. Public goods theory serves as a starting point for this study, which explores some of the factors that might explain why some consumers pay for music, while others choose to download music illegally.

Purpose: The purpose is to examine more closely why the achievement of the environmental goals is so low. To within the thesis work to make this as interesting and with as good quality as possible, especially the environmental quality goal Reduced climate impact, but also Natural acidification and Protective ozone layer, has been chosen to be studied further. Method: A qualitative method and text analysis has been applied. Intervention theory, as Vedung 2009 describes, is used as an intellectual backbone and as a help to structure the essay. The three environmental quality goals correspond cases, or units of analysis. Analysis: The fulfillment of the respective environmental quality goals is analyzed according to its goal, policy instruments, implementation and its effects. To this some of the problems are analyzed that exist on the path to achieve the goals.