In his recent article Professor of International Affairs Charles Kupchan claims that Party Politics has become increasingly important for American Foreign Policy since the end of the Cold War. This assertion makes it valuable to assess how the substance of the Foreign Policy differs between the two American parties in various cases and if this difference is characterized by consistency or by change. In this thesis I examine these Party positions in relation to the European Security Policy.In order to examine this I compare the positions of the Democratic and Republican Parties? policy concerning both the European Defence Community (EDC) and the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). The purpose of this thesis is to examine the hypothesis that the Democratic Party to a higher extent than the Republican Party is more concerned to maintain good relations to Europe respectively EU.The results show that there are small indications that my hypothesis concerning the two parties is valid.

Children of school age, who have just moved to Sweden can either start in a preparation class or in a normal class. There is no Swedish law or national policy that determines how new children will start and continue their education in Swedish schools. The decision is up to the schools or the communes.This study investigates what kind of educational methods teachers, from a sample of two different schools, are using to educate the newly-arrived students and if these methods are making any contribution to integrating these children into the Swedish school system. The study will raise questions like, how are the new students introduced to the Swedish school, what is the purpose of having the children in preparation class as opposed to normal class, and what methods do the interviewed teachers use to integrate the new children into the school system?Interviews were conducted with four teachers, an associate professor and a senior lecturer in education, who has done several years of research about children from abroad coming in to the Swedish school system.

Sverige ses idag som ett av de sämsta länderna på integration i Europa, klyftorna mellan rika och fattiga vidgas och segregationen bara ökar mellan etniska svenskar och personer med utländsk härkomst. För att vända denna negativa utveckling av det svenska samhället har ett flertal olika sociala projekt startats men endast ett fåtal av dessa har senare blivit permanenta. Ett av dessa projekt fick en fantastisk respons och är idag en fast verksamhet vid namn Yalla Trappan. Yalla Trappan var från början ett arbetsintegrerande socialt projekt, men numera bedrivs verksamheten som ett framgångsrikt socialt företag i Rosengård, Malmö. Genom teoretisering av begreppet integration som vi sedan ställt i relation till segregation, arbete och socialt företagande har vi försökt utreda vad integration kan innebära.

This essay examines whether feminist theory can give a plausible answer to the question: does female and male students have different attitudes towards the labour market and towards wages? Further more, I examine if factors such as class and ethnicity affect student's attitudes. These questions are investigated through a quantitative study of students at four educations on two different universities in Sweden. Two of the educations have a high degree of female students, and the other two represent educations with at high degree of male students.The main conclusion is based on the quantitative research results. Female and male student's attitudes are similar in some cases.

Föreningar har länge varit i centrum för den svenska integrationspolitiken då de anses stärka det sociala kapitalet och utgöra en arena för integrerande möten. Denna studie fokuserar på hur nyanlända svenskar själva upplever det svenska föreningslivet och dess koppling till integrationen. En grupp som sällan tillfrågas om deras egna åsikter i frågan. I studien har nio personer medverkat i kvalitativa intervjuer vilka samtliga har varit i kontakt med projektet Integration i Förening, ett projekt som syftar till att få nyanlända att gå med i föreningslivet. I studien undersöks hur dessa personer har upplevt mötet och informationen om föreningslivet som de fått genom Integration i Förening samt hur deras förståelse av vad en förening ser ut. Vidare undersöks hur personerna har upplevt det egna föreningsengagemanget, vilka effekter de erfarit att det haft och hur de ser på föreningar som en möjlig väg till integration.

AbstractThe purpose of my essay is to describe how some educators perceive the cooperation that takes place every day in the team to wich they belong. To do this, I have implemented six qualitative interviews with educators at two diffrent workteams. I based my questions on three scientific questions:- How does the cooperation in the team work?- How has the cooperation between the various kind of educators developedsince the pre-school class and the leisure-time centres was integrated with the school?- Which conditions exist for a good cooperation?The result showed that there were both similarities and differences between the teams, but common to both teams was that the educators felt that there have been some major positive changes to the cooperation in the teams in the last few years and that they were fairly satisfied with how the cooperation of their teams function now. Mostly they cooperates during school hours with various school projects, but questions concerning the pupils wellbeing is also an important area of cooperation.Since the integration was implemented, the cooperation has become more equal and the various educators have found their respective roles.

The European Union has faced lots of criticisms over the last couple of years when it comes to how refugees are treated in Europe. The Lisbon Treaty states in Article 2 that the European Union is founded on respect for human freedom, dignity and equality. Values such as democracy, rule of law, respect for human rights and that the rights of persons belonging to minorities should be respected are also something that the Union should be based on. How is it then that the Roma people, which are Europe's largest minority, are being persecuted all over Europe, that they get deported and have their camps destroyed? Why are refugees from North Africa being sent back before they even have a chance to seek asylum?  In this essay I have examined how the EU are treating refugees and tried to distinguish if there are any differences in how they treat internal and external refugees.

This thesis analyzes the effects of export subsidies on Swedish cereal export. The analyzes are based on data on cereal export from Sweden to countries outside the EU from 1990 to 2003. In 1995 Sweden became a member of the European Union. Before the membership, the Swedish agricultural policy was decoupled in a larger sense than the European CAP was, which means that the Swedish producers had decreased their production more than the European farmers. When Sweden became a member of the EU the production started to increase again to an EU level.

Illegal logging and its related trade is of great concern around the world. The European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR) is a regulatory approach by the EU to prevent illegal timber and timber products to be placed on the European Union inner market. This means the regulation affects both actors in the member countries as well as the actors exporting timber and timber products to the EU from non EU member countries. This study aims to study the implementation process of the EUTR in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B-H), and its preconditions. Institutional theory is used to understand and explain how the EUTR affects B-H organisations? business environment, and how the organisations choose to respond to the EUTR.

The title of this essay is Project: The Veil ? an investigation of the trends in the Swedish veil debate compared with the veil debate in France and Great Britain written by Cecilia Lindvall. The purpose of the paper is to analyze how the argument has been conducted by the Swedish politicians from the time when the veil was first recognized in Swedish media up until today. The questions I wanted to answer was each countries definition of the three concepts secularization, freedom of religion and multiculturalism, how Islam as a faith with Muslims has developed in Sweden, France and Great Britain and each countries integration politics with the politicians attitude towards the veil. The method being used is a qualitative study with three kind of theories for analysis; two who derives from a feminist point of view where the first one advocates for the rights of each women, the second for the rights of religious groups and a third theory which discusses different models of integration logics.

Trots en generös integrationspolitik och omfattande arbetsmarknadsinsatser för att utöka mångfalden på svenska arbetsplatser kan etnicitet fortfarande innebära en ökad börda för större delen av invandrarkvinnorna. De riskerar att bedömas utifrån sin kultur grundat på stereotypa föreställningar vilket kan hindra deras inträde på arbetsmarknaden och följaktligen chansen till egen försörjning och även integration i det svenska samhället. Mot denna bakgrund undersöktes i denna studie fem invandrarkvinnors arbetssituation. Syftet var att ur deras perspektiv beskriva de förytsättningar och hinder de haft på arbetsmarknaden och att utröna den betydelse som innehav av ett arbete har haft för deras integration.Den teoretiska ramen i denna studie utgörs huvudsakligen av teorier som handlar om integration. Uppsatsen är av en kvalitativ ansats som grundar sig på semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförda med fem invandrarkvinnor som är aktiva på arbetsmarknaden.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att förstå hur två individer motiverar och förklarar sina val att studera svenska på Sfi och/eller Komvux samt att genom fenomenografisk analys söka förstå vilka antaganden som kan tänkas ligga bakom beslutet. Studien är kvalitativ till sin karaktär och har inga generaliseringsmotiv. Frågeställningar för undersökningen är: På vilket sätt väljer informanterna att motivera varför de valt att studera svenska och vilka antaganden kan tänkas ligga bakom dessa motiveringar? Som metod används semistrukturerade intervjuer med två informanter och fenomenologisk analys. Resultatet visar att båda informanterna valt att studera svenska som ett sätt att lära sig språket och därigenom bli delaktiga i det svenska samhället och skapa sig goda möjligheter till vidare studier och ett gott liv.

AbstractTitle: Swedish freedom of speech compared to european freedom of speechNumber of pages: 57Author: Gabriella BoodeTutor: Göran SvenssonCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Spring 2009University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science,Uppsala UniversityPurpose/Aim: The purpose with the dissertation is to see if there has been a limitation inSwedish freedom of speech since parts of the European union laws is superiour to theSwedish constitution as freedom of the press regulations and freedom of speech constitution.A more narrow purpose is to find out how the specific Swedish rights such as individual?slegal right to publish information are influenced by the European union laws and are superiorto the freedom of the press regulations and freedom of speech constitutionThe survey will also try to find out the effectiveness with the Lisbon Strategy ?s emergencybrake and its purpose to protect the Swedish freedom of the press regulations and freedom ofspeech constitution. How big is the difference between the different member states concerningthe protection of the freedom of speech?Material/Method: The data collected for this thesis is retrieved through personal interviewswith representives from experts with in the field as Uppsala University and the SwedishGovernent.Main results: It is obvious that Sweden has the strongest protection of freedom of speechcomparing to the other EU member states. No other EU country has as detailed constitution asthe Swedish constitution TF and YGL.

The freedom of establishment is a fundamental right on the internal market which enables companies to take up and pursue activity in other member states, ?host states?, in a non discriminatory way. In situations where a company wishes to use the right to establish in a host state, complications will be discovered since the member states are applying different principles for deciding the nationality of a company. Since the Treaty of the Function of the European Union recognize both principles, and both of the legal areas company law and European international private law lack harmonization regarding companies wishing to perform such a transaction, the situation today brings the possibility that such a company could be covered by the legal system of several member states, or maybe no legal system at all.The Court of Justice of the European Union has through case law contributed to make the scope of the freedom of establishment a little bit clearer but there are still difficulties regarding situations when a company wishes to transfer its seat to another member state with a change of nationality. Today?s measures, for example the SE-company, is not enough to satisfy the companies wishing to transfer their seat to another member state.

Croatia became an independent country 1991 and has since then strived to reach a democracy level, which can lead to membership of the European Union. The purpose of this essay is on the basis of consolidate democratic perspective to illustrate Croatia?s democratic development.In order to fulfil the aim, I have applied a qualitative text analysis technique. Through analysis of books and documents, data was collected to accommodate a valid result. I have used consolidated democracy, with its five areas (political, civil, economic, legal and bureaucratic), as my theoretical framework to the data, to provide answers and develop an analysis.The conclusions show that the consolidate democracy in Croatia has developed a lot since the independence, and Croatia is on its good way to turn into a democratic state like other West-European countries.