Tack vare ständigt förbättrade metoder för diagnostisering ökar antalet patienter med diagnosen cancer. Syftet: Syftet var att belysa cancerpatienters uppfattning om sjukdomen cancer utifrån ett kulturellt perspektiv. Metod: Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Databassökning gjordes i PubMed och CINAHL. Resultaten i studien byggde på tio valda artiklar.

My aim was to get a deeper insight about the parish clerk and how this profession has changed over time in Sweden from the Middle Ages up to the eighteenth century. Who was the parish clerk? Is it possible to find out in what way his duties changed over time? The information mainly derives from written historical sources, such aslaws. It seems like the parish clerk in the countryside often was a layman whom had to be approved by the parish, the parish priest or the bishop. His position in the early Middle Ages seems to have taken the form of assistant to the priest, participating in the liturgy.

This is a qualitative research paper, which aims to examine how religion classes are conducted in inner-city and suburban schools. Interviews have been performed with two religion teachers, one at Grindtorp School in Alby and one at the English Gymnasium in Södermalm. There have been performed interviews with eight students, four from each school. The students have a different age, sex and religious beliefs. With these interviews we can get a better understanding how the students of today?s school think about the religious education.

Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur samerna framställs i åtta stycken läroböcker i ämnet religionskunskap på gymnasienivå. Tar läroböckerna överhuvudtaget upp samerna och i sådana fall i vilken utsträckning? Hur beskrivs samerna i läroböcker? Kan beskrivningen leda till att den samiska religionen ses som något avvikande och konstigt, det vill säga kan läroböckernas beskrivning av samerna leda till exotism? Det empiriska materialet för denna uppsats har utgjorts av en textanalys av åtta stycken läroböcker i religionskunskap för gymnasiet. Författarna till de utvalda läroböckerna har i de flesta fallen en personlig erfarenhet av att undervisa i religionsämnet. Uppsatsen visar att samerna överhuvudtaget inte nämns i fyra av de åtta läroböckerna.

Detta arbete behandlar hur några av ateismens främsta företrädare, Richard Dawkins och Christopher Hitchens, valt att angripa religion och religionens påverkan på politik, utbildning, vetenskap och den individuella människan. Deras angrepp bemöts av kristna apologeter, I detta fall Alister McGrath och Dinesh D'Souza. För att finna svaren på våra frågeställningar så har vi genomfört ett litteraturstudium av ateistisk litteratur samt av apologeternas svar på densamma. Vi har använt oss av den hermeneutiska forskningsmetoden, i vilken vi med hjälp av vår förförståelse har tolkat de olika sidornas ståndpunkter. Resultatet visar att när det gäller ateisterna, så anser dessa att religion är en icke bevisad, icke vetenskaplig och vidskeplig kvarleva från ett äldre system som möjligen hade sin plats som förklaringsmodell för bronsålderns människor, men att religion inte borde ha någon plats i dagens logiska och vetenskapligt grundade samhälle De ser religionen som en motsats till vetenskap.

The Swedish government ratified on May 1 2009 an amendment of marital law, resulting in same-sex marriage becoming legalized. With the rights of the Christian Swedish state church to officiate weddings originating from the same law, the church was thereby faced with two options: Either officially include same-sex couples in the Christian concept of holy matrimony and keep the right to officiate weddings; or give up the right to officiate weddings altogether. An official decision to accept the terms was reached on October 22 2009, but not without being preceded by an agitated medial debate.This research attempts to analyze the arguments of the debate in three stages: In the first stage the arguments are categorized according to their respective ideological standpoint. In the second stage these categories are examined from post-modern, social constructivist and socialization theory perspectives. Based on this, the third stage sees the arguments analyzed from a viewpoint based in the Copenhagen school concept of securization.The research concludes that the debate does not only simply feature two sides with differences of opinion; but rather that the arguments of the two opposing sides are founded in a common view of the other side as a fundamental threat to ones conception of a sound society..

AbstractMy feature career as a teacher, for the early years of compulsory school, makes it interesting to finding out of how teaching religion can be donned. I am interested in what methods can be used for teaching religion That?s why my purpose aims to find out how five different teachers, of the early ages, works and what methods they use while teaching religion. My issue for this composition is: what methods, or to a point - methods supported by different teaching models, can be used for studying religion in compulsory school? Empirical and specialized literature points in the direction fore methods like storytelling, load reading, drama, group works, independent searching of information, working books and so on.

Sverige beskrivs ofta som ett av världens mest sekulariserade länder. Detta bör inte tolkas som att andlighet och religion inte har betydelse för människor i Sverige idag. Vissa menar att individualiseringen och sekulariseringen har lett till ett ökat andligt intresse. I och med att samhället har blivit mångkulturellt har även den andliga och religiösa mångfalden ökat. Inom hälso- och sjukvård har man under de senaste åren diskutera hur man i praktiken ska handskas med dessa aspekter och litteratur har producerats.

At the turn of the century 18/1900 Swedish law looked upon young people as being adults at about the age of 15. At 15, the young person had left school, had his first employment and provided for himself and also had been confirmed to full membership of the Swedish State Church. Thus he was to be considered an adult and responsible for his actions. Parents, society/school and Church had done what was expected of them and now it was up to the 15-years old to live according to the laws and to be punished if the laws were broken. Over the following hundred years, at the time of the millennium, Swedish society changed a lot.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka fyra lärares uppfattningar och tankar om kristen tro i arbetet på en mångkulturell skola. I arbetet ingår intervjuer med fyra kristna lärare och deras perspektiv över att vara religiös i ett månkulturellt samhälle. Arbetet innehåller också en lexikon definition och litteraturgenomgång om religion, kultur, samhälle och religion i skolans historia. I arbetet framkom det att tro bland annat inte är något man talar högt om utan något privat men samtidigt inget man förnekar. Acceptans för andra religioner och deras högtider fanns men förståelsen för dessa var svår.

The proponents for conscience wants to get a clause that will allow the health professionals to due. scruples waive certain duties. Swedens decision makers has despite pressure from the Christian De-mocrats and the Sweden Democrats decided not to implement freedom of conscience in health care. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Sweden has the obligation to provide for freedom of conscience in health care. Furthermore, it must be examined, whose rights according to the law will go first, health professionals right to freedom of conscience or the patient right to equal treat-ment.

Religion på Internet är en undersökning som behandlar frågor om hur Internetanvändare argumenterar kring skapelsemyter på diskussionsforum på Internet. Vidare argumenteras det för en identitetsskapande aspekt av Internet ? kan sökare, med hjälp av diskussionsforum på Internet, skapa sig en identitet? I ett sekulariserat samhälle utgår man ofta från att religionen förlorar sin betydelse, men det är viktigt att skilja mellan sekulariseringen på organisationsnivå och på individnivå. På individnivå är religionen fortfarande viktig, vilket framgår av de forum som används i den här undersökningen samt i den litteraturstudie som är en del av uppsatsen. Många, framför allt unga, Internetanvändare använder diskussionsforum för att ge uttryck för sina funderingar och med den o-begränsning som Internet innebär kan användarna lätt hitta svar och kommentarer som både kan stärka och bryta ner den egna identiteten. När det gäller religion på Internet är det viktigt att skilja mellan Internet-religion och religion på Internet.

The Swedish government ratified on May 1 2009 an amendment of marital law, resulting in same-sex marriage becoming legalized. With the rights of the Christian Swedish state church to officiate weddings originating from the same law, the church was thereby faced with two options: Either officially include same-sex couples in the Christian concept of holy matrimony and keep the right to officiate weddings; or give up the right to officiate weddings altogether. An official decision to accept the terms was reached on October 22 2009, but not without being preceded by an agitated medial debate.This research attempts to analyze the arguments of the debate in three stages: In the first stage the arguments are categorized according to their respective ideological standpoint. In the second stage these categories are examined from post-modern, social constructivist and socialization theory perspectives. Based on this, the third stage sees the arguments analyzed from a viewpoint based in the Copenhagen school concept of securization.The research concludes that the debate does not only simply feature two sides with differences of opinion; but rather that the arguments of the two opposing sides are founded in a common view of the other side as a fundamental threat to ones conception of a sound society..

Energy efficiency is today more important than ever, mainly due to the high energy prices and the approaching climate changes. Heating of buildings is an essential area within energy efficiency. Many buildings are old and were built at a time when the energy prices were low and the term ?energy efficiency? was unheard of. By applying today?s broad range of energy saving actions on these old, and thereby often, heating ineffective buildings, this area has a large potential in reducing energy consumption and costs.Churches and chapels are generally old buildings with, in many cases, ineffective heating systems and therefore consume much more energy than needed.

This study aims to delineate the discourse of the canonical issue of the defectus natalium, the defect of birth, ascribed to medieval Catholic clergy of illegitimate birth, which prevented ordination to the Holy Orders or advancement to higher monastic offices. Using papal dispensations directed to Swedish clerics, monks and nuns during the period 1255-1372, the essay attempts to outline the official attitude of the papal authority towards illegitimate birth among its servants and how such a defect could be compensated by the individual. The study argues that various circumstances and personal qualities could be addressed to support the case of the supplicant. The main themes include an observance of clerical celibacy, scholarly learning, pilgrimage permeated by hardship, intervention of a third party, loyalty to the Church and overall practical circumstances that demanded a dispensation for the benefit of the ecclesiastical institutions. Drawing some inspiration from Michel Foucault?s conception of discourse, the essay argues that a polarizing discourse had by the 13th century been formed within the Catholic Church, which focused on a dichotomy of the legitimate and illegitimate cleric.