Since the nineteen-fifties, the American political scientist Robert Dahl (born in 1915) has been one of the most prominent democracy theorists in the world. In the book Politics, Economics, and Welfare, he and his colleague Charles E. Lindblom in 1953 introduced the notion of polyarchy as a denomination for the incomplete democracies of the Western world. Linguistically speaking, this notion was formed in connection with the ones already existing in the philosopher Aristotle's (384-322 B.C.) comparative teachings on government. Later, it has become apparent that the notion of polyarchy has already been in use by other authors, such as Johannes Althusius (1614) and Sir Ernest Barker (1947).Robert Dahl has been active at Yale University (in New Haven, Connecticut, USA), and is regarded as one of the foremost representatives of the political-science discipline known as pluralism.

To be able to compete on the market environmental Management System has become an important part of operations work. However, many companies still haven?t implemented an environmental management systems due to lack of time and the high costs. One of the companies with this problem is Falu Bildemontering. Their goal is to accredited according to the ISO 14 001 certificate.

Titel: När hjältar faller - En jämförande studie av Aftonbladets och Expressens skildring av idrottshjältarna Ludmila Engquist, Tiger Woods, Lance Armstrong och Oscar Pistorius.Författare: Marianne AnderssonPublikationstyp: UppsatsNivå: CPoäng: 15 hpHuvudområde: Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapKursnamn: MKV 61-90 hpProgramnamn: InformatörsprogrammetAntal sidor: 39Handledare: Mats HyvönenÄmne: Hur Aftonbladet och Expressen berättar om idrottshjältar som faller karriärmässigt.Frågeställning: Hur berättar de svenska kvällstidningarna Aftonbladet och Expressen för sina läsare när/att en idrottshjälte faller karriärmässigt?Teoretiska perspektiv: Tidningsartiklarna har analyserats från Michael Foucaults teorier med utgångspunkt från hans bok ?Diskursens ordning? samt utifrån begreppen representation och identifikation i medier.Tillvägagångssätt: Utifrån en dokumentanalys har de publicerade artiklarna studerats för att ta reda på hur tidningarna valt att berätta om de olika fallen. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ analysmetod studeras om medierna använder sig av någon slags dramaturgi när de skildrar händelserna samt om det finns ett mönster med vilka som får komma till tals.Slutsats: Analysen visar att sättet som tidningarna rapporterar på om de fyra händelserna följer en bestämd dramaturgisk och kronologisk ordning. I samtliga fall kommer samma typer av människor till tals och de bilder som publicerar skildrar liknade motiv oavsett idrott eller fall..

This report was written as a final thesis within the Department of forest economics at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences as a completion of the M.SC Forestry programme. The aim of this study was to create a model that, with respect to given stock levels, temperature, fuel usage and fuel price, would identify the optimal levels for purchase of bio fuels, optimal levels of incineration of bio fuels and the sum of the present values of all costs. The model would be applicable for a larger district heating plant. Data regarding temperature were received from SMHI. Information considering fuel prices was taken from the Swedish Forest Agency and the facts about fuel usage were collected from a large district heating plant, located in the southwest of Sweden. For the temperature, a sinus curve was adapted to describe the temperature over a year.

The purpose of this study is to examine the phenomenon ?Living library?, where people are lent out instead of books. First it is looked into what the Living library means to the person who is borrowing a living book and what it means to the living book itself. Than the Living library is put in a public library context. This is done through a case study of the city library of Helsingborg and the city library of Malmö.

SammanfattningTrots att Sveriges befolkning består i dag av c:a 10% invandrare. Är det fortfarande svårt för många av dem att komma in i det svenska samhället i dag. Problemet med diskriminering bland invandrare i Sverige gör att många av de riskerar att hamna utanför samhällets kretsar. Trots detta problem har ett fenomen visat att invandrare kan integreras till det svenska samhället. Det här fenomenet är fotboll en sport som har visat sig vara ett viktigt hjälpmedel för integration av unga invandrarkillar i Sverige, enligt en undersökning som gjordes av Jesper Fundberg åt riksidrottsförbundet (2003).

Background: We have identified the combination of Knowledge Management and Human Resource Management as interesting because of this constellation has been mentioned scarcely in previous studies. There also seem to be some interesting correlations with personnel turnover.Aim: The aim of this study is to describe and understand the theoretically best combination of Human Resource Management and Knowledge Management, by creating a model. The model is also going to be tested empirically through consulting firms, to see if they meet the ideal combination. With this model we also want to describe in what way the different combinations of strategies will affect the personnel turnover.Definitions: A huge part of this study concerns the theoretical area Human Resource Management, which we have entitled HRM. Similarly, Knowledge Management has been entitled KM.Completion: The study is designed both as a literature review and as a comparative case study in which empirical data has been collected through qualitative interviews with four Swedish management consulting firms.Results: The best combinations of KM and HRM are according to this study that strategies should consist of a thoroughgoing personalization or codification.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva idrottsundervisningen på en skola i Nairobi, Kenya, samt att undersöka lärarnas pedagogiska och didaktiska arbetssätt. Vidare syftar uppsatsen till att undersöka hur resurser och det geografiska närområdet utnyttjas i undervisningen samt att reflektera kring om det finns arbetssätt som är överförbara till svensk idrottsundervisning. Frågeställningarna speglar uppsatsens syfte och söker att besvara vilken typ av pedagogik och didaktiska arbetssätt som används och hur medierande verktyg samt närområdet utnyttjas vid idrottsundervisningen. Uppsatsen är en fallstudie med etnografisk inriktning. Vidare har en kvalitativ metod med intervjuer och observationer använts som verktyg för att samla in data.Resultatet påvisar att pedagogerna på skolan oftast använder sig av en auktoritär ledarstil men som i mindre grupperingar agerar mer dialogiskt gentemot eleverna.

The aim of this master thesis has been to investigate discussions about public access to Internet in public libraries. Areas of interest were the debate in Sweden as well as in the United States. The approach was qualitative and questionnaires were distributed by e-mail to a number of Swedish public libraries. The results from the survey were then supplemented with a theoretical background and a literature study. The usable questionnaires obtained from 20 libraries showed a rather uniform approach among the Swedish librarians of how the Internet is best provided by public libraries.

This thesis examines how a company can get an effective, high quality, maintenance of their computerized systems. After literary studies concerning the life cycle activity Maintenance we have studied how the maintenance at the department IT Supply of IKEA IT AB in Älmhult is carried out. What steps and measures in the analyzing of results of changes are carried out and if they have predefined processes for changes. Based on the facts we found most important in our literary studies we have created a model and theoretically applied this to the maintenance of a specific system to see what they can work with to further improve the quality and efficiency in their maintenance. The basis for our thesis is literary studies and the collected material has been used as a foundation for the research at the company, which was carried out through interviews.

Den här kandidatuppsatsen handlar om vilka skillnader som finns i medierapporteringen om fotbollsmatcher i Sveriges högsta division för män respektive kvinnor, Allsvenskan och Damallsvenskan, och hur den maskulinitetsnorm som omgärdar idrotten tar sig uttryck i Sveriges två största kvällstidningars referat om matcherna.De frågeställningar som besvaras i denna uppsats är:Vad finns det för skillnader mellan matchreferaten av herr- respektive damallsvenskan i Sveriges två största kvällstidningar under säsongen 2011 när det gäller placering, utrymme, reporterroll och val av bild, rubrik och bildtext?Hur manifesterades maskulinitetsnormen i artiklarna om damernas respektive herrarnas matcher?Undersökningen är av kvalitativ karaktär, då syftet är att belägga och förstå den maskulinitetsnorm som omgärdar svensk fotboll och kvällstidningarnas rapportering om den. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att det finns stora skillnader mellan rapporteringen om Allsvenskan och Damallsvenskan ? bland annat att liknande företeelser bedöms olika, och att olika företeelser framhävs, beroende på om de förekommer i ett referat av en herr- eller en dammatch.För att förstå och tolka undersökningens resultat, och delvis också för att utforma undersökningen, används framförallt de teorier som Nathalie Koivula presenterar i doktorsavhandlingen Gender in sport. Även Håkan Larssons teorier om Queer idrott och Kim Elvin-Nowak och Helené Thomssons teorier ur Att göra kön har en essentiell roll i denna uppsats.

The neo-classical conception of the market place does not provide a framework to account for ethical or moral action. As a result, the neo-classical model is unable to explain the impact of ethical and moral issues on business sustainability present in the modern economy. To address this limitation, this thesis investigates whether theories of ethics can help explain the motivations and actions of stakeholders within the field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In addition, the thesis explores whether theories of ethics are presented differently within aspects of the stakeholder model. Semi - structured interviews were conducted with various stakeholders within the CSR sector, including a NGO, a commercial firm and a CSR consultancy firm.

Problem: The corrugated board industry is highly affected by customer uncertainty, various demands and short delivery times. In combination with a complex multi-step production process managers have to be able to identify bottle-necks and gain knowledge and understanding of how different changes in process will affect the production output. <br/><br/>Purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is twofold, (1) to examine applicability of complexity theory through agent-based modelling on a production process (2) to identify improvement areas in order to increase the production output at SKS production site in Eslöv, by modelling and simulating the production process through an agent-based model. <br/><br/>Method: The chosen method of this study is a combination of a case study and a complex system approach. The empirical data was collected through interviews, observation and document studies which were analysed through an agent-based simulation model.

The purpose of this study is to facilitate sustainable building by the use of BIM. The goal is to determine which aspects of sustainable building, which can be analyzed mainly with BIM tools, but also other aids.The study is based on literature studies and interviews. The literature review examines aspects important for sustainable building by studying environmental certification systems applicable in Sweden, as well as the BIM tools available on the market to analyze these aspects. The literature also includes the concepts of BIM and sustainability in order to provide a clearer view of its meaning. The interviews have brought the study's overall understanding of the industry and guidance on the subject.The results are presented in a table, where the aspects relevant to sustainable building are listed.

Purpose of this study is to investigate whether BBIC had an effect on the interaction between social services and schools. To find this out, a comparative study carried out between two municipalities in southern Sweden who has worked with the BBIC system different lengths of time. The empirical data is based on six qualitative interviews with heads of unit in social services, principals in secondary schools, and social workers who work with children- and youth investigations. The theoretical framework consists of Bronfenbrenners Ecology model, systems theory as organizational theory and the theory of autopoiesis, and Danermark model of collaboration. The results of the survey show that respondents do not find that their inter-organizational collaboration has been significantly affected by the implementation of BBIC, but that BBIC provides a good basis for collaboration due to the logic and structure of the system..