This bachelor thesis covers fire protection methods of structural steel and the aim is to develop an information tool designed for inexperienced structural engineers. The information tool covers basic fire protection methods and the general way to produce a fire resistance for structural steel. The layout of this information tool is a simple folder that contains information about the most important steps when producing fire protection for a steel structure.The thesis starts with a general overview of the fire protection needed in buildings to fulfill national legislative and regulatory requirements. To get an understanding of how steel components behave during the influence of fire, a brief overview is presented of the material properties of steel. This chapter also contains a review of previous research in the area.

Horse-hair lichen Bryoria bicolor is a red-listed lichen species in the category Vulnerable. It is an oceanic lichen and it is often found on boulders and cliffs in a semi-open environment with a high humidity in the agricultural landscape. The species can also be found as an epiphyte on trees, mostly in boreal forests in the provinces of Dalarna, Härjedalen and Jämtland. In the agricultural landscape, there has been indications on that B. bicolor show a decline, and this studie aimed at examining the extent and causes of this decline.

Intangible assets are often a significant part of Swedish companies? assets. Most of these are accounted for as goodwill, arising from acquisitions. After EU:s decision to adopt IFRS as the new accounting standard, intangible assets will to a larger extent be recognized separated from goodwill. This thesis aims to quantify this change and to analyze what specific intangibles are affected most by the transition to IFRS.

Research in solar energy is taking big steps in both solar heating and solar electricity. It´s not only the technologies alone, but also the combination of both solar electricity and solar heating which is what is called a solar hybrid. The idea of a solar hybrid is that a solar cells efficiency decrease with increased temperature and can with help from a solar collector be cooled and the heat can be utilized. This thesis report compares heat production and electricity production with respect of, in first hand, a solar hybrids geometry in the cooler. The theory chapter describes solar heating and how different solar cell technologies work and their environmental impact at the production and how compatible these technologies are for the solar hybrid.

Brämhults Juice AB is one of Sweden?s leading producers of fresh fruit juices and drinks. The fruit drinks last 3 days once opened and when stored in a refrigerator kept at 7°C. Since factors that shorten the drinks? best before date are usually not noticed until the entire batch has expired, it would be advantageous to find a way to accelerate the drinks? natural deterioration, so that an unusal short best before date is noticed before more products are shipped off to the stores.

In this master thesis outage statistics covering tree years from two distribution grids are analyzed with the purpose to deduce which factors yield outages. The statistics are extensive therefore allowing in-depth analysis of both customer and system related factors. From this starting point and as a model of explanation energy not supplied is studied as the consequence and the measurement of the inconvenience caused by outages. Different methods for calculating energy not supplied are developed and studied and put in comparison to the method used in Network Performance Assessment Model, which is the Swedish frame work for regulating electricity distribution.Analysis of the outage statistics show a relation between the type category of customer and outages that can be deduced to the variance and the density associated with that customer category. Prioritization of different customer categories is elevated also in this aspect.

The purpose of this thesis is to make a comparative literary study of ten laboratory experiments with different kind of sources for query expansion terms. The experiments are grouped according to categories of term sources, which are: search results, collection dependent knowledge structures, collection independent knowledge structures and one that combines the two last mentioned sources into one. To enable a comparison all other variables were held as constant as possible. There is the improvement measured in mean average precision, which is used to measure the various sources potential. The result from the study shows a strong connection between the kind of source for the expansion term and improvement of the result.

Every day we make numerous decisions. Some are better than others. Intuitive decisions usually results in less good decisions when we do not reason about our choices. Research has been interested about the process that is behind how we make good decisions. Decisions we face every day, such as when we shop, determined using various mental shortcuts that we use unconsciously.

Background: Bone anchored hearing system is a surgically implantable system for treatment ofindividuals with hearing loss. The Softband is intended for patients who can benefit from a boneanchored hearing system but who are not yet suitable for implant surgery.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an adhesive bone conductor, Adjoin, canbe used as an alternative to Softband.Material and Method: Twenty adult subjects with normal hearing participated in the study.Measurement of functional gain and speech intelligibility was performed with Softband and Adjoinwhich then were compared. A questionnaire was answered by the participants after the measurementsthat treated their subjective experiences with each option.Results: The objective measurements yielded no overall difference between Softband and Adjoin forthe group studied. The subjective results showed differences in the perceived comfort as well as whichof the two bone conductors that would be preferred to use in everyday life, with Adjoin being thepreferred option. No difference was detected on participants perceived gain, sound quality and speechintelligibility.Conclusion: Based on the measured results, Adjoin seems to be a suitable alternative to Softband.However, there are questions about how Adjoin works with long-term use..

Distillers? grain is a by-product of ethanol production. Corn, wheat and barley are the grains that are generally used in the distillery process. Distillers? grain is rich in protein and phosphorus.

Flowcytometric technology has been widely used for measurement of the absolute numbers of T-lymphocytes subsets in Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), defining the disease state, monitoring antiviral treatment, and identifying any risk for opportunistic infections. A manual preparing of the samples is required. More recently an automated and enclosed blood cell counting, Celldyn Sapphire has been introduced. In this study the performance of the Flow cytometer EPICS XL as a reference method for analysis of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8 T-lymphocytes was evaluated with blood from 40 individual?s samples.

The high level of energy consumption that the industrialised countries have reached and thepollution that this brings has long been a cause for analysis and debate, development and usageof so called renewable energy sources is therefore more important than ever. The energy in theelectromagnetic radiation from the sun is an interesting alternative. One way of harvesting thisenergy is by using solar cells, devices that generate DC current when exposed to electromagneticradiation.The goal of this master?s thesis was to design a solar powered power supply to Syntronic AB?sMidrange platform. The envisioned application is a stand-alone distributed embedded system,for example a node-based temperature monitoring system.

Syfte: Att utifrån litteratur beskriva hur sjuksköterskor kan identifiera smärta hos äldre personer med demenssjukdom, samt att undersöka vilka mätinstrument som finns att tillgå för att beskriva smärta. Metod: Litteraturstudien var av deskriptiv design. Litteratursökningen gjordes i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Resultat: Resultatet baserades på 14 vetenskapliga artiklar som visar att det finns många uttryck för smärta som sjuksköterskan kan använda sig av för att identifiera smärta hos äldre personer med demenssjukdom. Resultatet visade att det är mycket svårare att identifiera smärta vid omvårdnad av äldre demenssjuka, då de inte kan kommunicera som kognitivt intakta personer.

SAMMANFATTNING Sedan lång tid tillbaka har hangrisar kastrerats för att undvika ornelukt, en fekal-urinliknande doft som uppkommer i galtkött vid tillagning. Kastrationen är smärtsam och forskarna letar nu efter alternativ till det kirurgiska ingreppet. I denna litteraturstudie har jag valt att fokusera på hur man kan hindra produktion och upplagring av orneluktsämnena androstenon och skatol i subkutant fett genom att förändra grisarnas miljö. Stallhygienen har visat sig ha betydelse för ornelukt där smutsiga grisar har betydligt högre halter skatol i subkutant fett än rena grisar. Även ljus och temperatur har en inverkan på orneluktsämnena. Höga temperaturer och korta ljusperioder ger ökade halter av androstenon och skatol.

Nederbördsmätning är viktigt inom många områden och en relativt ny teknik är enoptisk distrometer som med hjälp av laserteknik mäter nederbördspartiklarnasdroppstorlek och fallhastighet. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka hur välThies distrometer stämmer överens med nederbördsmätning från ett vippkärl ochmanuella mätningar från institutionen för geovetenskaper vid Uppsala universitet.Institutionen för geovetenskaper överväger att gå över till denna teknik och därmedbehövdes distrometern utvärderas för olika faktorer som kan påverka instrumentet.Vid jämförelse mellan instrumenten visade det sig att distrometern totalt sett samladein mer nederbörd än de andra mätarna. Det är svårt att avgöra vad skillnaden mellaninstrumenten kan bero på men felkällor så som avdunstning och vätning hos vippkärletoch manuella mätningar kan ge mindre nederbörd. En annan orsak kan varafelkalibrering av datan från distrometern. Inga samband hittades för vindhastighet,vindriktning och typ av nederbörd mellan de tre instrumenten.En vidare undersökning gjordes för droppstorleksfördelningen för att ge exempelpå fördelar med en distrometer.