Afrikansk svinpest är en av de allvarligaste grissjukdomarna och är på frammarsch i östra Europa. Under 2000-talet har det oerhört tåliga afrikanska svinpestviruset med hög morbiditet och mortalitet spridits från Afrika till Kaukasusregionen och angränsande europeiska länder där den utgör en stor risk för den globala grisindustrin. Sjukdomen är ingen zoonos men eftersom det saknas vaccin och behandling har den en stark påverkan på människor rent socialt och ekonomiskt när deras grisar drabbas. Sjukdomsutbrott leder till minskad internationell handel, kostsamma kontrollstrategier för att stoppa utbrott och stora förluster för småskaliga bönder. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att utvärdera huruvida europeiska vildsvin kan bli ett hot mot grisproduktionen i Sverige.

AbstractThe use of standard agreements can hardly be overestimated in the society of today. The amount of standard agreements should barely decrease. One of the standard agreement?s main purposes, to make the concluding of the contract more effective, strongly agrees with the companies will to accomplish fast concluding of agreements using as small resources as possible A dispute that can arise in these contexts is that dissimilar standard agreements collide. Between nations this is called Battle of Forms.

Mastitis is an important disease in dairy cattle. It is very costly for the farmers and affects a large number of animals. Few studies have been made investigating the outcome of treatment for acute clinical mastitis under Swedish conditions, and it can be problematic to use the results in foreign studies since both the microbial flora as well as treatments may be different from the situation in Sweden. In this project we have investigated data on clinical mastitis and antibiotic treatment in the dairy herd at Jällaskolan, Uppsala based on recordings during the last ten years. The material includes both Swedish Red (SRB) and Swedish Holstein (SLB) breeds, which have been kept at the farm under similar conditions.

The bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri, which natural habitat is in the intestine of mammals and birds, uses glycerol as a substrate for production of the antimicrobial compound reuterin. Glycerol has been shown to decrease the number of Escherichia coli in human feces and it is believed to be due to in situ production of reuterin. E. coli belongs to the large family of Enterobacteriaceae, naturally occurring in the intestine, and pathogenic strains of E. coli have been shown to be one of several bacteria causing diarrhoea in calves.