Velopharyngeal insufficiency may affect resonance, articulation and thus how speech is perceived by other listeners. Velopharyngeal insufficiency is frequently found in the cleft palate population due to structural abnormalities of the palate. The pharyngeal flap is the most commonly used operation designed to improve velopharyngeal function. The aim of the present study was to compare speech before and after pharyngeal flap surgery by perceptual evaluation regarding nasality, articulation and deviant speech. The study includes preoperative and postoperative speech samples of 28 patients who underwent pharyngeal flap surgery at the University Hospital in Linköping between 2002 and 2007.

This thesis is about how the library can help immigrants integrate into theswedish society. By studying leading documents of the libraries in Malmö,Stockholm and Umeå in search for how the relate to work consideringimmigrants and integration I have studied the library as a bridge betweenbeing included and excluded in the society. The thought is that the libraryopens the door to new worlds both for immigrants and born swedes toobtain knowledge about a culture different from their own.In my thesis I reached the conclusion that library on a day to day basisworks with the integrationprocess for immigrants. Although the leadingdocuments should evolve since they show gaps and seem somewhatmisguiding in their presentation of the libraries function. The librariesshould work more with analysis of the environment that they are active in sothat they are more individualized for the people around it.

The purpose with this essay is to get a deeper insight into why there is a lack of male educators in Swedish preschools. I also want to know which role the male educators have in comparison to the female educators. This essay builds on four questions, which covers:The cause of the lack of males in Swedish preschoolsIf there are any gender bound expectations on male educators in the Swedish preschoolsWhat the woman educators perceive about the roles of the male educators in the Swedish preschoolsHow the male educator experience his own work in a workplace dominated by womenThe method I have used is a qualitative interview study in which I have interviewed four male educators and two woman educators from three different preschools. The result of this study shows that male educators gave different reasons to why there is a lack of male educators in Swedish childcare. According to the male educators the reason for this situation is that there is a worry to be seen as a feminine person, get singled out as a pedophile and that the childcare sector has low status.

 The purpose of this case study was to view if there were any differences and similarities between Swedish and American female leaders, with focus on the Swedish female leaders. We also wanted to find out if the American female leaders had problem whit the classcelling.Our case study is a quality method, because we wanted to reach the dep't that quality methods can reach. We interviewed four Swedish female leaders and tried to get in touch whit American female leaders but whit out any success. So instead we analyzed already existing research about the American female leadership. Our result showed that there were some differences between the two countries; in the same time we also found similarities. The classcelling tends to exist more in Sweden than in the US.   .

The aim of this two-year masters thesis is to look for the Swedish public library´s core business, using theories about competence. The approach is qualitative. It is done by studying the Unesco Public Library Manifesto, the Swedish library legislation, the education in library and information science, two important Swedish library related journals and by asking public librarians about their work and point of view regarding competence.The research shows mainly two sides of the core competence of public librarians: information technology competence and literature knowledge. The conclusion is that the two meet in the idea of mass education, which could therefore be called the Swedish public library´s core business..

Inledning: Då språket är en grundläggande faktor i det psykoterapeutiska samtalet är det av intresse att få mer kunskap om dess betydelse.Syftet med studien var att undersöka upplevelsen av det verbala språkets betydelse i det psykoterapeutiska samtalet, detta framkom genom psykoterapeuternas syn på språkutveckling och eget språkanvändande, patienters språkutveckling och språkanvändande och svårigheter i psykoterapi.Metod: Studien använde en kvalitativ metod och intervjuade fem leg. psykoterapeuter med psykodynamisk inriktning.Resultatet visar att psykoterapeu-terna genomgående ser på det verbala språkanvändandet som något som har en rörelse i psykoterapeuternas användande av eget språk, utifrån teorier om patientens språkanvändande. Språkutvecklingen hos patienten anses härröra från både relationen vårdare-barn och i vilken social kontext som barnet vuxit upp. Patienter som innan psykoterapin haft svårigheter i språkanvändandet vilket försvårat deras livssituation, förbättrar sitt språkanvändande efter en fullföljd psykoterapi. Detta i sin tur resulterar i förändrade relationella och sociala färdigheter.Diskussion: Psyko-terapeuternas fokus var riktat mot patientens språkutveckling och språkanvändning och hur detta sedan påverkar hur psykoterapeuten använder sitt språk.

This study aims to explain how teachers for students aged 11-13 years old work with comprehension of words, based on reading fictional texts. The question formulations the study aims to survey is how teachers declare they are working with word-comprehension with basis in fictional texts for bothfirst- and second language learners, and how this shows in their pedagogical practice. The study also aims to survey what the effects are on the students´ learning, according to the teachers, by using this teaching-methods. In an attempt to examine this, interviews have been performed with three teachers working at different schools, teaching Swedish for students in the elementary school. In the interviews the teachers was asked questions in aim to research their methods of teaching wordcomprehension, followed up by two lesson-observations per class of each teachers´ pedagogical practice..

This paper is written in the field of Educational Science, and it focuses on literature that pupils read. Literature has the power to shape readers beliefs, that is why this paper aims to examine, and compare two novels that are used in Swedish schools in class settings. Both novels deal with the issue of psychiatric disorder from a woman´s perspective. Research done in the field of psychiatric disorder shows that it is an important subject that should be addressed in schools. Research done from the perspective of gender studies points out the need of representation of female perspective in literature that pupils are working with.

The aim of the study was to examine Swedish preschool and school teachers views upon mother tongue education and cooperation with mother tongue teachers, research covering both topics are very limited. Data collection method for the study were interviews with three teachers from each type of school. The interviews were then transcribed, summarized, and finally analyzed based on the study's theoretical premises, a socio-cultural perspective, Kumashiros theory of non-oppressive teaching and constructivism. The results of the study showed that all teachers considered mother tongue education as important, but time constraints and workload prevented teachers from desirable development of mother tongue education. As for collaboration between teachers and language teachers, most teachers felt that such a thing does not exist, while those who have experience in this type of collaboration believes that it occurs to a limited extent..

Air tightness in new buildings has been discussed for several decades. But the knowledge in the subject is low. With tougher requirements from the Swedish government about energy consumption for a new building required competences how these shall be met. It's not only the thick mess of insulation that are important, it's also the air tightness. This report is about air leakage in Swedish houses.

Abstract:The aim of this study is to critically analyse the discourse of linkworkers, a integration project in a ?multicultural? school in Malmö. In the project, four persons with different ethnic / cultural background where employed to work as a link between the school and the parents, and between the Swedish culture and the children's and the parent's ?original? culture. My material consists of evaluations of the project and interviews with school staff.

The prevention of age discrimination in Sweden did not have any solvent grounds until directive 2000/78/EG was implemented into Swedish law. Today age discrimination has been banned for just over two years. This ground of discrimination has, compared to other existing grounds of discrimination in Swedish law, a lot more opportunities to make exceptions from. Given the fact that the exemption rules are vague, it is difficult to determine whether the protection against age discrimination is in fact a protection at all. The purpose of this essay is to describe what the law regarding age discrimination means.

The Swedish immigration policy is a subject constantly under scrutiny, especially in the media. The Dublin treaty, which came into effect in 2003, has meant stricter regulations for the handling of asylum seekers, which in turn increases the requirements of the officials at the Swedish Migration Board. Consequently, the staff at the Swedish Migration Board is daily facing difficulties when deciding who is to stay or not. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate how these criteria in the Dublin Treaty, are used in the daily work of the officials. Emphasizing these problematic aspects of the Dublin Treaty, this study aims to answer the following two questions:- How has the Dublin Treaty been implemented in Swedish legislation by the officials at the Swedish Migration Board?- How do these officials work to implement this treaty?This case study is based on interviews with a number of officials working at the Swedish Migration Board.

Studiens syfte är att beskriva några klasslärares uppfattningar om hur stödet kan se ut till de elever som befaras inte nå målen i svenska som andraspråk i skolår tre på grund av bristande språkkunskaper. För att undersöka detta har jag utgått från frågeställningarna:Vilket stöd upplever lärarna att de kan ge dessa elever i klassen? Vilket stöd upplever lärarna att dessa elever får av speciallärare och lärare i svenska som andraspråk? Hur beskriver klasslärarna att deras samarbete med andra lärare på skolan ser ut kring dessa elever? Samt vilka stödåtgärder beskriver lärarna att de kan formulera i dessa elevers åtgärdsprogram? Studien bygger på intervjuer med fem klasslärare som arbetar på tre olika skolor. Majoriteten av eleverna på dessa skolor har ett annat modersmål än svenska. Intervjuerna har analyserats utifrån en sociokulturell ansats.Resultatet visar att: Stödet till dessa elever såg olika ut på de tre olika skolorna där lärarna arbetade.

ABSTRACTThis thesis contains a partial edition of a previously unpublished manuscript, De lapidibus et gemmis (MH 59, Lund University Library). The manuscript was probably written in the late XVth century and consists of five parts. Part 1 (ff 1r-1v) and 2 (ff 2r-14r) are written in Latin, part 3 (ff 14v), which is probably later than the rest of manuscript (XVI century?), in German, part 4 (ff 18r-33r) in Latin (some smaller passages in Swedish), part 5 (ff 34r-34v) in Latin and Swedish. The manuscript was written by at least two hands, probably more.I have chosen to examine and edit part 2, ff 2r-14r, which I have identified as a partial transcript of the franciscan Bartholomeus Anglicus encyclopedic work De proprietatibusrerum, probably written between 1230 and 1260.