Sustainability and the traffics impact on the environment have become increasingly central within spatial planning. For many years, planning has been focusing on building new roads - this has resulted in increased use of automobiles, which many believe is unsustainable in the longer term. Therefore, authorities at national, regional and local level want to increase the use of alternative transport modes ? such as walking, cycling and traveling by bus.The thesis intends to study if the Municipality of Umeå?s policies for sustainable development have led to an increased use of public transportation. The use of public transport in Umeå is also compared with developments at national level, in order to see if there are differences in the level and trend.

Syftet med denna masteruppsats är att undersöka bostadsområdet Holma, dess förutsättningar och hur det upplevs av befolkning och verksamma i området, samt att analysera och diskutera området utifrån teoretiska resonemang kring plats, urbanitet och grannskap. Vidare är förhoppningen att kunna identifiera resurser för främjandet av gemenskap och hållbar förbättring. Arbetet skrivs utifrån ett socialkonstruktionistiskt perspektiv där en premiss är att människor genom sitt agerande formar mening och att detta agerande i sig påverkas av sociala strukturer. Det empiriska arbetet utgörs av etnografiska studier som analyseras utifrån nämnd teoretisk bas. Studien mynnar ut i resonemang kring vikten av medborgarengagemang och långsiktighet i grundandet av intiativ i grannskapet.

In this thesis a transport system is sought after thatif realised in the city of Uppsala could provide bothwell-being to all its inhabitants and sustainability,here jointly refered to as liveability. It is found thatthe car dominated transport system that is inoperation today provides two fundamental values,namely accessibility in both time and space, whichsets it apart from other transport solutions. Thesetwo values are of immense importance for theliveability in our modern world. On the other handthe car dominated system decreases the liveabilityof Uppsala in several different ways. Some of theseproblems, it is argued, could be solved within thecar system, through the adoption of moreenvironmentally friendly cars etc., but otherproblems are inherent in the car system and willremain no matter what changes are made.

Idag finns det inga regler i Sverige fo?r hur ha?llbarhetsarbete ska redovisas vilket har resulterat i att redovisningen av ha?llbarhetsarbete ser olika ut fo?r olika fo?retag. Den ha?r studien har underso?kt vilka delar av ha?llbarhet svenska fo?retag redovisar och till vilken grad samt hur redovisningen har fo?ra?ndrats o?ver tiden. Vidare har den underso?kt vilka fo?rklaringar som kan ligga till grund fo?r resultatet.

This thesis is about sustainability within chemistry, the so-called, green chemistry. With this work  I seek to combine green chemistry with sustainable  development  and find methods for teaching green chemistry in a laboratory environement.  I have designed  and tested two labs with ingredients of green  chemistry and sustainable development in my study. I wanted to determine if my design model  leads to conception for the students. The students have through forms and interviews declared their perspective on the education and their conception. In a laboratory environment the pros of a laboratory way of work should be recognized.

The purpose of this paper is to perform an in-depth analysis on how the events that took place in Skandia AB during the end of the 1990s have been portrayed in media, and how this has affected the general debate concerning bonuses and incentive plans. The paper studies relevant newspaper articles published in Sweden?s largest business newspaper, Dagens Industri (DI), over a period ranging from 2002 to 2008. The major findings of this paper include that bonuses are widely used as incentives in Swedish companies and that the issue of bonuses as an incentive form has lead to a prevalent debate. Furthermore, the questionable events that took place in Skandia AB during the end of 1990s have affected the general debate concerning bonuses.

CSR är ett koncept som allt fler företag tar till sig, trots att det i grund och botten bygger på frivillighet. Ofta förklaras detta med att trycket från externa intressenter och den institutionella omgivningen i någon mån kräver att företag visar ansvar gentemot omvärlden. Många företag väljer idag att rapportera sitt arbete relaterat till CSR i en hållbarhetsredovisning. Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) publicerar ramverk för dessa redovisningars utseende. Denna studie syftar till att med hjälp av hållbarhetsredovisningar i enlighet med GRI-ramverket göra en branschjämförelse med avseende på rapportering av CSR.

Idag finns det inga regler i Sverige fo?r hur ha?llbarhetsarbete ska redovisas vilket har resulterat i att redovisningen av ha?llbarhetsarbete ser olika ut fo?r olika fo?retag. Den ha?r studien har underso?kt vilka delar av ha?llbarhet svenska fo?retag redovisar och till vilken grad samt hur redovisningen har fo?ra?ndrats o?ver tiden. Vidare har den underso?kt vilka fo?rklaringar som kan ligga till grund fo?r resultatet.

Managementläran har en lång historia med olika idéer för hur organisationer bäst styrs. Idagens samhälle är hållbarhet en stor trend, alla aktörer måste arbeta för en hållbar utvecklingoch ett resultat av detta är intresset som uppkommit för hur företag kan använda sig avhållbarhet som managementidé. Som en del av samhället måste även landets kommuner tahänsyn till trenden och det är vanligt att offentlig sektor kopierar managementidéer frånprivata sektorn. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ studie var syftet att jämföra managementmodellenutformad av Galpin et al. med delar av Uppsala kommun för att se om modellen, utformad förprivat sektor, har relevans för offentlig sektor.

Idag finns det inga regler i Sverige fo?r hur ha?llbarhetsarbete ska redovisas vilket har resulterat i att redovisningen av ha?llbarhetsarbete ser olika ut fo?r olika fo?retag. Den ha?r studien har underso?kt vilka delar av ha?llbarhet svenska fo?retag redovisar och till vilken grad samt hur redovisningen har fo?ra?ndrats o?ver tiden. Vidare har den underso?kt vilka fo?rklaringar som kan ligga till grund fo?r resultatet.

Idag finns det inga regler i Sverige fo?r hur ha?llbarhetsarbete ska redovisas vilket har resulterat i att redovisningen av ha?llbarhetsarbete ser olika ut fo?r olika fo?retag. Den ha?r studien har underso?kt vilka delar av ha?llbarhet svenska fo?retag redovisar och till vilken grad samt hur redovisningen har fo?ra?ndrats o?ver tiden. Vidare har den underso?kt vilka fo?rklaringar som kan ligga till grund fo?r resultatet.

The purpose of this study was to compare naturally regenerated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris (L.)) against seeded Scots pine in terms of benefits and differences. An inventory was performed at a number of different sites, 4 ? 6 years after soil scarification and data on the number of new established plants, their height growth as well as ground-line diameter was collected. Information about site conditions such as altitude, quarter exposure and frost risk was also collected. A review of previous studies was conducted in addition to the field study.

Climate changes today are mainly caused by anthropogenic activities and the increased emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and this has raised questions on how to reduce the usage of fossil fuels. Ethanol is a good alternative to conventional gas and has been used in Brazil since the 1970 ?s. In Sweden several newspapers has written about the poor working conditions on many farms thus making the Swedish company SEKAB design a certification for their ethanol to ensure that it can be considered to be a sustainable alternative.Furthermore WWF has developed a certification tool called Bonsucro in cooperation with Coca Cola, Ferrero group, BP and Shell. This is due to the fact that no global certification tool has been available up until now.

At this point seamen have a lot of tasks of administrative character, beyond the traditional tasks aboard a ship. Due to the new conventions that are formed by IMO, more requirements are added which often lead to time consuming administrative tasks and documentation that should be spent on activities which are contributing to the ships safety. The issue has been observed by IMO that has through BIMCO done a study with the aim to identify and reduce administrative burdens at sea.The primary aim of this study is to find out if safety officers aboard Swedish ferries consider that SOLAS Chapter III, 8.3 och 19.5 regulations are administrative burdens, restricted to muster lists and documentation of training aboard the ship.The secondary questions to the study are if it is possible to remove, combine or change the documents and how much time can be saved by doing this. The question about timesaving could not be answered, because the values were scattered and could not be used for further investigation. The observed values were accumulated by a survey and the result indicated that safety officers did not experience the two regulations as administrative burdens.

At this point seamen have a lot of tasks of administrative character, beyond the traditional tasks aboard a ship. Due to the new conventions that are formed by IMO, more requirements are added which often lead to time consuming administrative tasks and documentation that should be spent on activities which are contributing to the ships safety. The issue has been observed by IMO that has through BIMCO done a study with the aim to identify and reduce administrative burdens at sea.The primary aim of this study is to find out if safety officers aboard Swedish ferries consider that SOLAS Chapter III, 8.3 och 19.5 regulations are administrative burdens, restricted to muster lists and documentation of training aboard the ship.The secondary questions to the study are if it is possible to remove, combine or change the documents and how much time can be saved by doing this. The question about timesaving could not be answered, because the values were scattered and could not be used for further investigation. The observed values were accumulated by a survey and the result indicated that safety officers did not experience the two regulations as administrative burdens.