The aim of this study is to explore the fundaments of all psychoanalytic interpretative models, and especially the psychoanalytic literary criticism. Drawing from different fields as affect theory, neuropsychology and Lacan's structural psychoanalysis, strong evidence is found that language in itself contains and transmits affects.The empiric study indicates that different readers of a text, regardless of their interpretation of the text, show similar changes in mood as a function of the text. This seems to be possible as an effect of the separation of the sign between the signifier and the signification. And this supports that the signifier has some kind of direct access to the affects. This is due to the fact that the signifier belongs to the imaginary protolinguistic level while the signification belongs to the symbolic and linguistic level of a higher order.

Abstract : Under våren 2008 gjordes en utvärdering av en kvinnojour i en medelstor svensk stad. En uppföljning har nu genomförts för att ta reda på om de goda resultat som uppvisades håller i sig på lite längre sikt.Baserat på framförallt en feministisk förståelse av våldet i kombination med teorier om brottsoffer, empowerment och emotionssociologi undersöktes kvinnornas uppfattning av sin situation idag med hjälp av enkäter, fokusgrupper och enskilda intervjuer. Även dagboksanteckningar har studerats. I likhet med den inledande undersökningen visar uppföljningen att stödet från kvinnojouren är uppskattat och en ovärderlig hjälp för förståelsen av vad man varit med om och hur man kan gå vidare. Våldet har i stort sett upphört, och förbättringen gällande psykisk hälsa, självförtroende och rädsla håller i sig, även om en lätt tillbakagång antyds i vissa fall vid den andra uppföljningen.

Abstrakt/AbstractFör tio år sedan genomfördes en studiepå Astrid Lindgrens barnsjukhus i Stockholmdå 32 tonåringar med typ-1 diabetes fick genomgå en empowerment-baserad gruppundervisning i diabetes. Målet var att gruppmedlemmarna skulle bli medvetna om vad de behövdeförändrai sin egenvård, lägga upp en handlindsplan, och ta kontroll över sin sjukdom.Denna utbildning ledde dock inte till någon förbättring av Hba1c men en förbättring avungdomarnas förändringsbenägenhet.Som ett vårdutvecklingsprojekt av barndiabetesmottagningens verksamhet blev syftet med föreliggande studie att retrospektivt undersöka vad deltagarna upplevt som betydelsefullt efter att som tonåringar ha deltagit i denna grupputbildning.Efter att intervjuat 6 av deltagarna gjordes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys vilket resulterade i följande teman:Att uppleva kompetent stöd från diabetesmottagningen, att gemenskapi gruppen gav mod att konfrontera sjukdomen ochatt grupputbildningengav känslan att det var lättare att leva med diabetes.Resultatet skulle kunna utgöraendelav ett underlag för utformningen av framtida gruppundervisningar för tonåringar med diabetes..

This study is an institutional analysis of the firm both as it is theoretically conceptualized and how it takes shape and changes. The role of power relations between manage¬ment and employees is especially examined with the aim of evaluating pos¬sible connections between the firm as an institution and power relations within it. Based on a comparison of two cases (two selected periods of the same organization) it asks ?How closely does each case match the conceptual characteristics of the firm??; ?What are the power relations between management and employees in each case??; and finally ?What factors account for the resulting differences??. It is found that there is a negative correlation between employee power and proximity to the firm as a concept.

Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur pedagogerna samtalar om barns olika behov och vad det leder till i förskolans verksamhet. Hur identifieras barns olika behov? Vad leder det till i verksamheten, för alla barn men specifikt för barn i behov av särskilt stöd? När anses ett barn vara i behov av särskilt stöd? Vad beskriver pedagogerna som viktigt i mötet med barns olikheter? Teori: Studien har sin teoretiska förankring i det sociokulturella perspektivet. Barnets lärande och utveckling är beroende av den sociala kontext barnet ingår i. Utifrån studiens syfte är det sociokulturellt perspektiv en förutsättning för barnets lärande i förskolan.

The aim of this study was to investigate the emotions among the staff at the group housings when they observe the caretakers expressions of masturbation and how the staff handles these expressions in their daily and long-term work. The theoretical concepts that were used in this study are group housing as a public and private arena, occupational role, relation, humanistic effort, pedagogical effort, empowerment, care ethic and emotions. The concepts are related to each other and constitutes the foundation for the analysis of the empirical data used in this study. A qualitative study was carried out, in forms of half structured interviews with six informants, of which the majority was women. It came to light that the interviewees only had positive feelings for the caretaker?s expressions of masturbation.

AbstractIn this theory-testing case study I will analyze and discuss the Gulf War which took place in the Middle East in 1990-1991 and has become an important topic for discussion among IR scholars in the post-Cold War era. The events that led up to the Gulf War, as well as the war itself, will be analyzed from two different perspectives; Realism and Liberalism. Within these differing theoretical frameworks I have chosen to use elements from, on the one hand, Classical and Structural Realism, and on the other hand, Idealism and Liberal Institutionalism. Focusing on these specific schools of thought I aim to derive essential, ?key?, concepts that will then be tested against empirical fact.The overall purpose of this study is to try to logically explain, through detailed analysis, the actions of the actors involved in the Gulf War and, in addition, why this war ever occurred.

This paper describes how teachers of media view and construct their subjects. Eight teachers have been interviewed about their views and opinions about the media environment, their goals for media education as well as their opinions about the different course plans used in media education. The term Media Literacy works as a theoretical starting point for the study, since Media Literacy is the goal for most media education. The teachers? answers have been analyzed by using three different approaches to media education: protection, promotion and empowerment.

The purpose of this essay was to increase the knowledge of and understanding about how teenage girls form their attiutdes towards sexuality and relations. The focus has been on discussing the research-question from four factors of influence chosen by the writers; sexual education, media, friends and family. Our intention with the study was also to take part of the teenagegirls´thoughts, attitudes and opinions in the matter, which is to keep the discussion on a structural level. The study is based on qualitativ interviews, in so called focusgroups, with all toghether eight girls in the ages 14-15 years, students in the ninth grade. The study has a postmodern feministic approach combined with a fenomenological and hermeneutic position.

This essay investigates the results of participation by teenage girls in feminist groups, the so called girl groups. These groups are descendants of the awareness-raising groups of the 1970?s feminist movement. The essay assumes the relevance of theories of heteronormativity and performativity, as well as theories surrounding two different ways to organize girl groups. It is done either through the Pippi-feminism, named after strong independent book character Pippi Longstocking, or through the collective empowerment feminism.

This thesis is a case study that analyses the seaside resort Ystad Sandskog and its private architecture between 1850 and 1940. The multitude is evident in the area's architecture. The architectural development is analysed with the use of a social historical perspective, including class and hegemony. Regional as well as national affective factors are used in the analysis. Aside from the social aspects, architectural ideological developments, general development of the seaside resort and the area's committee with its prescriptions are all factors considered.By dividing the development in four different chronological phases, which all represents a certain architectural expression exemplified by a selection of buildings and the social class that it accompanies, a culmination in the architectural structural development of Sandskogen is shown.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva personlig assistans, insatsen, yrket och rekryteringssituationen. Personlig assistans syftar till att ge personer med funktionshinder kontroll över det egna livet. En problematisk rekryteringssituation kan medföra att denna möjlighet går förlorad. Metoden som användes var personliga intervjuer samt litteraturstudier. De som intervjuades var politiker från socialnämnden i några av Norrbottens kommuner samt representanter för både kommunala och privata arbetsgivare för personliga assistenter.

Bakgrund:Psykisk ohälsa är ett ökande folkhälsoproblem. Genom att stärka patienters självkänsla läggs en grund för möte och behandling. Syfte: var att ur patientperspektiv belysa hälso- och sjukvårdens bemötande av patienter med psykisk ohälsa. Metod: Artiklar söktes i PubMed och PsycInfo. En textnära kvalitativ innehållsanalys gjordes.

The fast growing economy of India has experienced fundamental structural changes in recentyears. The share of the service sectors output has more than doubled since 1950 and is todayestimated to make up almost 60 percent of India?s total output. In terms of total employmentwe have not yet seen a similar transformation. The observed discrepancy between sectorialshares of employment and output in the service sector raises questions about sustainability.This report aims to investigate the capacity of the Indian service sector in terms ofemployment creation in order to answer the question whether the recent GDP growth withinthe service sector can be considered as ?jobless? or not.

In this thesis the construction of identity within the EU is discussed. A thesis problem in three dimensions is used to explain the purpose of the construction, its realization and the consequences of such identity. These aspects show the complexity of the problems related to identity construction on a structural level.By using a post-modern and a social constructivist theoretical approach identity is presented as socially constructed by discourse. The theory of discourse makes it possible to analyze the development of an identity forming discourse within the EU and its status today.With an approach inspired by critical theory, we use discourse analysis as a methodological tool to illustrate the ideas that govern discourse, and in what way it is related to the social reality.The analysis states that the purpose of identity constructing is the striving for legitimacy. Without identification, the legitimacy is threatened.