SAMMANFATTNINGInledning:Att drabbas av stroke kan upplevas som en fruktansvärd och påfrestande händelse, både för patient och närstående. Det är hälso- och sjukvårdens ansvar att utbilda patienter och närstående genom individuellt anpassad information, på ett lyhört, empatiskt och respektfullt sätt. Information och handledning av sjuksköterskan ses därför som mycket viktigt för patient och närstående så att de får kontroll över den nya situationen de befinner sig i.Syfte: Att sammanställa aktuella vetenskapliga artiklar om vilka utbildningar som finns inom strokevård samt hur patienter och närstående upplever och påverkas av dessa.Metod: En litteraturstudie bestående av totalt 16 kvantitativa respektive kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar. Databaser som användes är PubMed och CINAHL.Resultat: Studiens resultat visar på att det finns olika metoder för utbildning av patient och närstående bland annat grupputbildning och individuell utbildning med både skriftligt och muntligt innehåll. Patienter och närstående upplever information och utbildning som något viktigt.

Bakgrund: Självskadebeteende startar ofta i tidiga tonåren men orsaken grundar sig i traumatiska upplevelser i barndomen. Beteendet är en medveten handling som utförs för att dämpa den psykiska smärtan och resulterar i en vävnadsskada. Patienterna anser sig ofta bli stigmatiserade och behandlade som objekt när de istället behöver känna stöd och förståelse från personalen i omvårdnaden. Syfte: Att belysa patienter med självskadebeteende, deras upplevelser av sitt beteende och av omvårdnadspersonalens förhållningssätt vid mötet i omvårdnaden. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar.

Background: Good quality of communication has a significant role and is essential in the care, and there are many factors that have an impact on the communication between nurse and patient. It is important that the interaction and communication is directed to and focused on understanding in broad sense in order to make sure that the meeting between nurse and care taker will result in something positive. Through a greater understanding the cooperation between nurse and the patient will be facilitated, which will create opportunities for both sides to be part of and contribute to a meaningful rehabilitation.Purpose: The aim of the study is to describe how the elderly patient and the nurse experience the communication within the health care, however also to identify what factors that are essential for an optimal communication.2Method: In this study the method that has been chosen is metasynthesis. The metasynthesis method implies that qualitative studies, that illustrate elderly patients and nurses perceptions and experiences of communication within health care, have systematically been reviewed and compiled to a result.Result: The analysis of the study?s results in a composition that consist of the following three themes; the patients and the nurses perspective on how information should be conveyed, the role of the time aspect in communication and the impact of the attitude on communication.

Introduction Malignant lymphoma is the most common haematological blood cancer diagnosis. In spring 2013 a questionnaire was handed out to patients with various haematological malignancies. The results showed that the patients requested more verbal and written information about their disease and treatment. Providing information about chemotherapy and how it affects the patient's quality of life is part of the nursing care. Communication between nurse and patient is very important to share experiences and knowledge with each other Aim The aim is to describe the information and communication patients with malignant lymphoma demand, based on their own experience, in meeting with the nurse before and during curative chemotherapy treatment at a haematology outpatient clinic.

This study will focus on how patients that suffer from self-injurious behaviours experience the relation between their self and body according to some professionals. The purpose is to enlighten why a person who has mental problems chooses to injure his or her body. We believe that the reason behind this is based on the early attachment between the parent and child. We also believe that a person only continues with this behaviour if he or she gains from it. The research questions this study raises are:· How does a person with self-injurious behaviour experience the relationship between their body and their self?· What is the effect of self-injurious behaviour on the body and what is the effect on the relationship between their body and their self.· How did the relationship between body and self evolve?This study is qualitative and is based on interviews from our respondents of whom all work or have worked with self-injurious behavioural patients.

One must consider cost effectiveness when deciding how resources within the health sector should be distributed. Quality adjusted life years (QALYs) are used to measure the value of different medical treatments. QALY is based on utility maximization theory, which suggests that a QALY is always a QALY regardless of who receives it. Therefore, a produced QALY is worth the same regardless of the age or the initial health of the patient. Previous research has shown that these assumptions do not seem to fit the real preferences of individuals.

Breast cancer is the most common tumor disease among women in Sweden. About 7000persons, having a median age of 65, are diagnosed each year with this disease. Withmammography screening, breast cancer can be detected in an early stage which improves theoverall survival (OS). 20-30 % of the breast cancer tumors are overexpressing humanepidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which is a protein that stimulates cell proliferation.Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) is a humanised monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2-proteinand prevent the signals for cell proliferation.Trastuzumab has earlier been used for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. In the year of 2007trastuzumab was approved for adjuvant treatment of patients who has been medicated withsurgery and/or radiation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab inHER2-positive breast cancer patients.

Objective: In recent years there has been an increasing interest within the clinical (medical) science in measuring people?s health. When estimating quality of life, present practise is to use the EQ-5D questionnaire and an index which weighs the different questions. The question is what happens if the individuals estimate there own health, would it differ from the public preferences? The aim is to make a new prediction model based on the opinion of patients and compare it to the present model based on public preferences.Method: A sample of 362 patients with unstable coronary artery disease from the Frisc II trial, valued their quality of life in the acute phase and after 3, 6 and 12 months.

Stroke är en av de stora folksjukdomarna och den tredje största dödsorsaken efter hjärtinfarkt och cancer. Individuell vård och behandling är av största vikt då sjukdomen drabbar patienter olika. Att drabbas av stroke innebär stora förändringar i det dagliga livet. Sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i att förbereda patienter och anhöriga inför dessa förändringar. Syftet med studien var att få ökad kunskap om hur strokepatienter och anhöriga förbereds inför hemgång samt vilken roll sjuksköterskan har i förberedelserna angående information, stöd och fysisk rehabilitering.

Patients with mental illness experience dissatisfaction with their care due to lack of understanding and ignorance from the nurses. The nurses? approach might influence these patients' experience of their care. The purpose of the literature review was to describe nurses' approach in care of patients with mental illness. The literature review is based on an inductive approach and the result is based on 14 scientific papers, of which eight used a qualitative design and sex used a quantitative design.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktsarbetsterapeuters tillämpning av Bobath koncept vid behandling av strokepatienter i primärvården. Metoden som valdes var en totalundersökning med postenkät med både slutna och öppna frågor. De slutna frågorna bearbetades deskriptivt och redovisades i figurer och de öppna frågorna analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultatet av de slutna frågorna visade att informanterna tillämpade principer som överensstämde med Bobath koncept och att de blandade metoder utifrån patientens behov. Resultatet av de öppna frågorna presenterades i kategorier som motsvarade Bobath koncepts principer och visade att informanterna tillämpade dessa genom att guida, instruera och uppmuntra patienten.

Objective: From the patient?s perspective describe communication difficulties, which can arise, and how they are handled in their contact with public health care and illustrate their needs of communication.Method: A study of literature was carried out to receive a background and an insight in previous research concerning the subject area. Twelve women with hearing loss was asked to complete a questionnaire, with open questions, regarding communication difficulties in health care situations.Sample: For the literature review, scientific papers were selected via the database, PubMed using relevant keywords. Seven were selected for closer review. For the survey study twelve women were asked to participate which ten of those responded.Results: The study of literature shows that communication difficulties occur in public health care between patients with hearing loss and the nursing staff.

Bakgrund: Stroke är en folksjukdom som leder till både motoriska och kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar som påverkar aktivitetsförmågan hos den drabbade individen. Arbetsterapeuten kan bidra till att klienten kan förbättra sin kapacitet till aktivitetsförmåga genom återtränade och kompensatoriska åtgärder. Tre åtgärdsmodeller som tillämpas i praxis är Bobathmodellen, den Uppgiftsorienterade modellen samt CI-terapi. Kunskapen om i vilken utsträckning dessa används i praxis är dock bristfällig. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga tre arbetsterapeutiska åtgärdsmodeller som tillämpas inom slutenvården för individer med nedsatt hand- och armfunktion efter stroke.

Background: Chronic pain is a condition that approximately 18% of the Swedish population suffers from. This condition affects many aspects of a person´s life and causes psychological, physiological and social suffering. Multimodal treatment is considered the most effective treatment for patients with chronic pain. Patient participation and motivation are very important to treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore patients´ experience of a multimodal chronic pain treatment program regarding their experience of patient participation and interaction with the rehabilitation team.

The purpose of this study was to look at the experiences of midwives in maternalhealth care encounters with non-european-born women and men, and to determine ifmidwives deem any special competence necessary to handle these encounters well.We gathered information by means of qualitative interviews and semi structuredquestions with eight midwives all of whom matched the inclusion criterias and gavetheir personal consent. Midwives from four district health care centers in Uppsalawere included. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed by means of qualitativecontent analysis.The results reveal the experiences from encounters with non-european patients to betwofold. On one hand the encounter is a positive, exiting experience with anopportunity to learn more about a foreign culture and exchange experiences. On theother hand complications can occur as patients may have unexpected expectationsregarding the health care, have great difficulties with the language or haveexperienced traumatizing incidents, all on top of coming to Sweden alone withoutrelatives.In the encounter with non-european-born patients the midwives consider it importantto have special competence in form of knowledge of other cultures and religions asthis provides a greater understanding of the reasoning behind the patients? decisions.Cultural competence is also important as it helps avoid inadvertently insulting thepatient during the encounter.The special competence held by the midwives has been attained from their basic andspecialist education as well as from self acquired experiences and interests.