With the climate change issues growing in importance on the social agenda, the field of urban masterplanning is of no exception when it comes to minimizing the carbon footprint in a variety of projects. The aim of this thesis has been to prepare the Carbon Critical Masterplanning tool, a software plugin for carbon dioxide emissions assessment developed by Atkins, to be used in Swedish conditions. The main targets were to improve the areas of the tool associated with energy conversion and renewable energy sources, and to test the tool in a real case. A planned construction of a new campus in Albano, Stockholm was chosen for the pilot study. A 3D model was built in the tool and the carbon footprint was calculated for a variety of combinations for energy supply to the future area.

Ten cows suffering from displacement of abomasum (DA) were treated with two different electrolytesolutions. The DA cows showed symptoms typical for the disease. Four out of 10 cows had a metabolic alkalosis and two a metabolic acidosis. The cows were mildly hypocalcemic, and 9 out of 10 were mildly to moderately hypokalemic. Six out of 10 cows showed muscle fasciculations.

Human existence and welfare depend on functional ecosystems. Ecosystems are critical to sustain life-support services for human well-being. One method that visualizes that humanity requires ecosystem services for resource consumption and assimilation of produced waste is ecological footprints. This study focuses on the ecosystem service carbon sequestering. A quantification of this ecosystem service showed the potential for accumulation of carbon in different ecosystems in Stockholm and Norrbotten County for the years of 1995 and 2004.

Stockholm har en lång tradition av boende på vattnet. Gamla avbildningar av staden uppvisar ett myller av bebyggda bryggor och pålverk ute i vattnet. Genom åren har stadens invånare ofta tagit sin tillflykt till båtar, pråmar och halvsjunkna gamla vrak när bostadsbristen varit svår. De flytande samhällena ute på redden vid Ryssviken är det idag få som känner till.Under 1980-talet blev det olagligt att bo permanent på båt i Stockholm. Båtboende blev en gråzon därför att gränsdragningen mellan vistelse och boende på båt blev för svår.

Sammanfattning saknas..

Eftersom jag anser att det är ytterst viktigt att värna om och ta tillvara på vår natur och miljö på rätt sätt, betämde jag mig för att undersöka hur medvetna barn i våra förskolor är om återvinning, olika material och dess livscykel. Jag ville se om det gick att märka någon skillnad i barns tankar om natur och olika material, i förskolor där ett aktivt arbete med hållbar utveckling pågick och förskolor som inte arbetade aktivt med detta. Jag ville också ta reda på vad hållbar utveckling betydde för förskollärarna och om de arbetade med detta på förskolan. Mina undersökningar visade mig att det går att finna vissa skillnader i medvetenheten hos barn, beroende på om pedagogerna inte arbetar med frågor rörande natur och återvinning eller om ett aktivt arbete finns. Jag såg även att hållbar utveckling som arbetsmetod är en bristvara i förskolor, även förskollärarnas engagemang var lägre än jag väntat mig. .

Städer som saknar infrastruktur och som har en låg befolkningsdensitet tycks ha en betydligt lägre andel cyklister. När fler personer cyklar blir cykeln ett naturligare inslag i stadstrafiken, vilket bl.a. medför att städer med fler cyklister generellt sett är säkrare att cykla i. Andra städer skiljer sig från Stockholm beträffande befolkningsmängd, existerande infrastruktur för cyklister och hur stor andel av alla resor som sker med cykel. Att jämföra andra städer med Stockholm är ett problem på grund av dessa skillnader.

Storm water is rain and melted snow that runs off, primarily from impervious surfaces.Future storm water management is facing the challenges of increased precipitation, asclimate changes, and increased areas of impervious surfaces due to the expansion anddensification of the cities. Impervious surfaces reduce the potential for water to infiltratein the ground leading to increased surface runoff and higher peak discharge.The runoff coefficient is closely related to the percentage of impervious surfaces andrepresents the maximum percentage of a catchment that can contribute to runoff. In thisstudy, the objective was to evaluate the weighted runoff coefficient for three differenturban types; apartment buildings, townhouses and residential areas and a comparisonbetween today and the 1970`s was made.The runoff coefficient was determined by manual mapping of the different surface typesin each area based on data in the form of orthophotos and aerial photographs. The surfacetypes that were mapped were asphalt, permeable areas, tiles, sand/gravel and roof.Tiles and sand/gravel were the most difficult surface types to map. In order to see towhat extent these categories influenced the weighted runoff coefficient a sensitivityanalysis was carried out and the runoff coefficient based on surface type was changed indifferent scenarios.The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the surface types tiles and sand/gravelhad little impact on the weighted runoff coefficient which in mainly due to the fact thatthe percentage of these surfaces types of the total area is small.The result of the study showed that the largest change in the runoff coefficient occurredin residential areas where the increase in the percentage of impervious surfaces causedby new roofs in the form of porches and garages and from paved or tiled driveways.

From embankment dams is something that has long been noticed and given rise to different questions. The most serious question is if the sludge is a result of inner erosion through the dam, and thus consists of material transported from the dam. Concerns have also been raised whether the sludge could interfere with the systems drainage capacity and thereby lead to high pore pressure in the dam, or if the measurement of seepage is disturbed, as the measuring is usually made via Thomson weirs, which could risk being blocked. The result of this investigation shows that the sludge is a result of the oxidation of iron by iron bacteria, and to the greater part consists of these oxides as well as the bacteria?s own structures. The iron oxidizing bacteria, FeOB, oxides ferrous iron to ferric as a part of their metabolism, and thereby create large quantities of iron(oxy)hydroxides.

Sweden has long had access to low electricity prices due to the wide availability of hydro and nuclear power. This has now changed because of today's rising electricity rates resulting in increasing heating costs for properties, especially in the properties with electric heating systems."Ankaret" is a parish for "Svenska Alliansmissionen", which is located at "Gullbrannagården".The parish has installed electrical radiators and an exhaust ventilation system that makes the energy demand high due to the large ventilation flows. The building was built as the price of electricity was still low and would reduce energy use today by combining its heating system with an air/air heat pump. The heat pump delivers more heat into the room than the electrical energy that it uses. This lowers the electricity needs.

Den urbana grönskan är en förutsättning för en hållbar stad. Gröna ytor i den urbana miljön främjar hälsa och välbefinnande. De stimulerar till fysisk aktivitet och med rätt utformning kan de också vara en restorativ miljö, som motverkar och lindrar stress. Med en central placering är de tillgängliga för alla människor. Stockholm står inför en period av stark tillväxt.

Att ta tag i problemet anga?ende klimatfo?ra?ndringarna och den fo?rva?ntade globala temperaturho?jningen ga?r inte la?ngre att skjuta upp utan ma?ste a?tga?rdas i dagens la?ge fo?r att jorden slutligen ska na? ett ha?llbart klimat. Genom att visa omva?rlden att det ga?r att ha en fungerande storstad med kraftiga reduceringar i biltrafik och ett stort utbud av kollektivtrafik kan Stockholm visa framfo?tterna och vara en inspiration till o?vriga sta?der. Klimatfo?ra?ndringarna a?r ett globalt problem och det kra?vs da?rfo?r ett agerande pa? global niva?.

Recent years there has been discussed how the critical situation in the housing market threatens the Stockholm region's growth. The thesis objective is to examine whether there is a scientific link between the lack of housing supply and growth. The thesis also intends to identify solutions for increased housing construction, for instance by examining the conditions for a greater regional perspective and influence on the region's housing supply. The thesis empirical study is based on semi-structured interviews with representatives from the Government, municipalities and the housing industry.In Sweden, research on the relationship between housing shortages and growth has not been conducted to that extent it can be said to exist scientific evidence regarding the growth threat. However, in Britain and the U.S, empirical studies show that a lack of housing supply has hindered growth through negative impact on countries' gross domestic product.

The development of technology and the mechanization in the Swedish forestry has during the last 60 years resulted in depopulation of the country side and due to that the amount of distance forest owners has increased. Therefore the forest companies need to make some adjustments in order to keep the distance forest owners as customers and to attract new ones. The purpose of this essay was to examine and analyze the distance forest owners satisfaction with Södras service offering and quality of service and further develop some proposals for action. A web-based survey was sent out to 634 distance forests owners in Stockholm, Sweden, all members of Södra. 269 respondents participated in the survey and of them, 27 did also participate in a follow-up telephone interview.

Akademiska hus is a real estate company that specializes in providing Swedish universities with housing facilities for educational and research purposes. The company strives to reduce its use of energy by 40% between the years 2000 and 2025. The aim of this thesis is to determine which measures can be taken to reduce the need of purchased energy in a building that is used by theSwedishUniversityof Agricultural Sciences inUppsala.In order to determine the results of various changes to the building envelope and ventilation system, the building was modelled in the computer simulation program VIP-Energy. Other proposed changes to make the use of energy more efficient concerned water use and lighting. The need of purchased energy can also be reduced by producing electricity or heat on site, using solar energy.Results show that economically viable measures include upgrading windows and faucets, adjusting control systems for ventilation and lighting, and installing roof mounted solar panels for power production.