In a time when concern for the environment is a topic that is met with both love and hatred, organic goods and services become increasingly common on the market. Communication efforts with the purpose of increasing the proportion of organic products consumed are being conducted by both private and public actors. However, achieving attitudinal and behavioral change within complex areas such as this comes with many difficulties.Within public opinion change, a common way of achieving a change in behavior is to use fear appeals and scare tactics. Earlier studies have shown that messages prompting a low level of fear can be more effective than messages prompting a high level of fear, since a high level of fear tends to raise defense mechanisms in the consumer. The purpose of this essay is to examine whether fear and defense mechanisms is a problem when it comes to making consumers choose organic products, as well as studying whether messages prompting low levels of fear are more effective than those prompting high levels of fear.This quantitative study is conducted in the form of a questionnaire-based experiment, comparing the effectiveness of two messages prompting different levels of fear.

Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie är att studera hur pedagoger i gymnasiesärskolan anpassar klassrumsmiljön för sina elever samt pedagogernas uppfattningar om kritiska situationer och hur de anser att man kan bemöta dessa.Teori: De teoretiska utgångspunkterna för studien är sociokulturellt perspektiv på lärande samt relationellt och kategoriskt perspektiv.Metod: Studien är inspirerad av etnografisk forskningsansats och Critical Incident Technique (CIT). Två gymnasiesärskolor i Sverige har besökts där intervjuer och enkäter har genomförts med verksamma pedagoger. Även deltagande observationer har utförts i och kring klassrum på de båda skolorna. Resultat: Resultatet visar att de observerade klassrumsmiljöerna både är anpassade och inte för de elever som vistas där. En del klassrum är röriga och en del är mer avskalade.

The city?s public environments are meant to be perceived as safe and inviting areas to visit any time of the day. In recent decades the number of vandalism complaints has doubled and graffiti has become so common that it received a separate category in the crime statistics. With this type of impacts in the public environments the experience are precarious and a boring sight. It?s difficult to put a price tag on these types of crimes, the number of unreported cases suspected to be large.

Introduction: The health for individuals with intellectual disabilities is asubject that is prioritized by the Swedish Institute for Public Health. Socialsupport has been proven to be important for health and quality of life. Despitethis fact there is no research available regarding the influence social support hason health and quality of life for people with intellectual disabilities in Sweden.Aim: To describe social support and the consequence of social support forhealth and quality of life for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Method:A litterature review of research in a defined area with a descriptive design.Systematic searches for articles were done in several databases and ultimately16 articles were chosen. Themes and categories were created with respect to theaim of this study during the analysis of the articles.

Retiring from elite sport can be a difficult and disruptive process for an elite athlete. To improve the quality of the transition after retirement, elite athletes are recommended to have dual careers which mean they combine their sport with education to be prepared for a new career when they retire from elite sport. To help elite student-athletes with this combination, universities and sport organizations provide different kind of support. This study was conducted and aimed to investigate elite athletes? perceptions of support offered by a university in Sweden and the elite athletes? perceptions of combining top level sport and academic studies.

Övervikt och fetma är idag ett stort problem hos barn och ungdomar, i synnerhet på grund av fysisk inaktivitet och försämrade matvanor. Skolan är en viktig instans i främjandet av barn och ungdomars vanor av fysisk aktivitet. Skolidrott är också viktigt för barn och ungdomars vanor av fysisk aktivitet i ett livslångt perspektiv. Syftet med studien var att belysa ungdomars upplevelser av skolidrott som motivation till fysisk aktivitet. Kvalitativa intervjuer användes som datainsamlingsmetod, följt av innehållsanalys som analysmetod.

In today?s technological society, there are increasingly less physical demands on the locomotor system. However, despite that notion strength and function in the hand?s complex biomechanical system are in fact both needed to cope with daily life. The grip function is a main function in the hand and is used in many examples of scientific research, for instance when assessing physical health and predicting the probabilities of premature mortality.

The city?s public environments are meant to be perceived as safe and inviting areas to visit any time of the day. In recent decades the number of vandalism complaints has doubled and graffiti has become so common that it received a separate category in the crime statistics. With this type of impacts in the public environments the experience are precarious and a boring sight. It?s difficult to put a price tag on these types of crimes, the number of unreported cases suspected to be large.

In today?s technological society, there are increasingly less physical demands on the locomotor system. However, despite that notion strength and function in the hand?s complex biomechanical system are in fact both needed to cope with daily life. The grip function is a main function in the hand and is used in many examples of scientific research, for instance when assessing physical health and predicting the probabilities of premature mortality.

The purpose of this study is to examine who were given the opportunity to express their opinions in the government proposition concerning the future of the school system ? particularly regarding the proposal that pupils do compulsory military service - submitted to the Swedish parliament 21 March 1941. Our focus is mainly on three parts of the proposition: the proposal to introduce shooting- and grenade practice for all pupils, the proposal to introduce an obligatory military leadership training course for teachers and the proposal to introduce an obligatory summer camp for all pupils.Using primarily a qualitative method we examine how different opinions and views are expressed in the statements and utterances responding to the pending proposition and who the responders are. We will attempt to clarify who were considered to be undisputed authorities and experts, and whose opinions, for that reason, carried a lot of weight in the decision making process, comparing them to the statements and utterances submitted on a voluntary basis by non-experts. And finally, to what extent the opinions in the statements and utterances were allowed to guide the propositional work.Results show that the statements and utterances were submitted by authorities, chapter, county administrative boards and religious, non-profit and political organizations as well as different types of schools, representatives from the Board of Education and elementary school boards not a part of county councils or other types of associations.

Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) utgår ifrån att alla individer vill visa sin kompetens vilket tar sig uttryck i två målinriktningar; ego och task. Individen påverkas av omgivningen som driver ett motivationsklimat som kan uttryckas i samma typer av målinriktning. Motivationsklimatet och målinriktningarna anses påverka hur individen agerar och hanterar t.ex. ängslan/oro och prestation. Denna studie behandlar samband mellan individuella målinriktningar, upplevt motivationsklimat drivet av tränare, träningskamrater och föräldrar, tävlingsrelaterad ängslan/oro och upplevd prestation.

Children and youth inactivity and sedentary at school is increasing. This means that some of the students have a significant unhealthy lifestyle with physical inactivity, which in turn implies risks of suffering from various diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, all related to a sedentary lifestyle. To prevent illness, it is important that children and young people early get a positive attitude towards physical activity.The purpose of this study was to study the causes of child and adolescent physical inactivity in school, based on teachers 'and parents' perspectives.A qualitative research has been selected. To achieve the study objectives, the author has conducted seven semi-structured interviews, with an appropriate choice of five teachers and two parents with children in school. Data was analyzed with a manifest content analysis.The results show that teachers and parents felt that physical activity is a protective factor for children's health.

Sustainability work is something that is emphasized more and more. Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR, is discussed and the question of how much responsibility companies should really take is frequently in the news. Companies tend to ask themselves how much responsibility they should take. CSR is a common concept of companies environmental and social work and a concept we tend to see here and there in our modern society. CSR includes companies? social responsibilities, both in terms of carbon footprint, working conditions, social responsibility and more.

Att vara fotbollstränare är stressfyllt, och efter en för lång period av stress kan denna leda till utbrändhet. Det kan finnas flera bakomliggande orsaker till att en fotbollstränare blir utbränd. Ledarskapet skulle kunna vara en sådan orsak och det finns få studier med just den kopplingen, ledarskap och utbrändhet. Det finns olika typer av ledarskap, och vilken ledarskapsstil en tränare har är beroende av olika ledarskapsbeteenden. Ett specifikt ledarskapsbeteende skulle i sin tur kunna leda till olika grad av utbrändhet.Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan utbrändhet och ledarskapsbeteenden.47 stycken tränare på elitnivå i Sverige har deltagit i studien.

Few would disagree that the media landscape has undergone significant changes the last decade. From bulky computers and plain mobile phones to portable High-Definition computers and multi-functional smartphones. Other media, such as newspapers and music, have evolved and prospered in a digitalized environment. The constant urge to digitalize aspects and functions of our daily lives seems almost instinctive. Television has taken further steps into this environment as it is now accepted and featured via the Internet.