This paper is about the conflict between the Middle East and the Western world after the Danish newspapers? cartoon publications of the prophet Muhammed in October 2005. The conflict resulted in massive reactions in the Middle East and the Danish-Swedish dairy company Arla Foods, was boycotted during six months in 2006. The aim of this study is to describe how the biggest Swedish daily newspaper,Dagens Nyheter and three Saudiarabic newspapers Al-Hayat, Al-Watan and Shark Al-Awsat described "the Other" during the crisis in the year of 2006. Another aim is to describe how Arla Foods managed the consumer boycott.

Todays board game manuals have many shortcomings. One of them is that they are not always adapted to the game's target audience.Adapting the language and shape of a game manual for the the target group children, can save time for both parents and teachers, and give the children a chance to conquer the game by themselves. In addition, playing board games can lead to children developing other important properties such as problem solving and independence.This study found that the game manuals inconsistency, tone and the way they adress the reader makes it difficult for children to grasp the content. Many game manuals do not speak directly to the reader, and often describes gameplay in a passive way, which has been shown by this study.This study has resulted in 12 guidelines for writing game manuals for children. In addition, they have been tested with a sample study.

The main objective of this study is to divide a number of colorectal cancer cases into subgroups based on their molecular features using cluster analysis. The data used is supplied by a research group at Pathology, the Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, and consists, after some preparation, of 455 observations which is a larger data set than many similar studies. The molecular variables that the clustering is based on are CIMP (CpG Island Methylator Phenotype), MSI (Micro Satellite Instability), BRAF- and KRAS-mutations. These are categorical variables and consequently the clustering method used is PAM (Partitioning Around Medoids) which is particularly useful with data on diverse variable level. The final analysis results in four subgroups that are represented by different combinations of attributes on the aforementioned variables.

Uppsatsen syftar till att genom en analys av tre tal undersöka på vilket sätt USA:s president Barack Obama använder sig av berättelser om sin familj och sin bakgrund i sina tal för att försöka stärka sitt ethos. Uppsatsen har tre huvudsakliga frågeställningar: När i talen pratar Obama om sin familj och bakgrund? Vad i dessa berättelser kan höja Obamas ethos och skapa förtroende för honom? Vilka retoriska grepp använder Obama för att försöka få så många som möjligt att känna att de har något gemensamt med honom? Det material som analyseras i uppsatsen är tre tal framförda av Barack Obama. Det är det presentationstal (The Keynote Speech) som han höll på Demokraternas konvent 2004 när John Kerry skulle nomineras till presidentkandidat, det tal Obama höll om sin pastor när denne uttalat sig rasistiskt om vita (A More Perfect Union) samt det segertal han höll i Grant Park i Chicago 2008 då det stod klart att han blivit vald till USA:s 44:e president. Dessa tre tal har valts ut som analysmaterial då de dels rent kronologiskt speglar olika tidpunkter och avsatser i hans karriär och dels visar på tre olika sammanhang, ett då han egentligen presenterar en annan person (Keynote Speech) men ändå lyckas göra det även till ett presentationstal av sig själv, ett där han snarare ger ett slags försvarstal (A More Perfect Union) och ett som är mer präglat av glädje och förhoppning (The Victory Speech). Den teori som presenteras i uppsatsen rör framför allt ethos, den retoriska situationen och topikläran, men en kortare genomgång av den klassiska retorikens tre talgenrer, partesläran, publikbegreppet och presidenttal genomförs även.

Uppsatsen syftar till att genom en analys av tre tal undersöka på vilket sätt USA:s president Barack Obama använder sig av berättelser om sin familj och sin bakgrund i sina tal för att försöka stärka sitt ethos. Uppsatsen har tre huvudsakliga frågeställningar: När i talen pratar Obama om sin familj och bakgrund? Vad i dessa berättelser kan höja Obamas ethos och skapa förtroende för honom? Vilka retoriska grepp använder Obama för att försöka få så många som möjligt att känna att de har något gemensamt med honom? Det material som analyseras i uppsatsen är tre tal framförda av Barack Obama. Det är det presentationstal (The Keynote Speech) som han höll på Demokraternas konvent 2004 när John Kerry skulle nomineras till presidentkandidat, det tal Obama höll om sin pastor när denne uttalat sig rasistiskt om vita (A More Perfect Union) samt det segertal han höll i Grant Park i Chicago 2008 då det stod klart att han blivit vald till USA:s 44:e president. Dessa tre tal har valts ut som analysmaterial då de dels rent kronologiskt speglar olika tidpunkter och avsatser i hans karriär och dels visar på tre olika sammanhang, ett då han egentligen presenterar en annan person (Keynote Speech) men ändå lyckas göra det även till ett presentationstal av sig själv, ett där han snarare ger ett slags försvarstal (A More Perfect Union) och ett som är mer präglat av glädje och förhoppning (The Victory Speech). Den teori som presenteras i uppsatsen rör framför allt ethos, den retoriska situationen och topikläran, men en kortare genomgång av den klassiska retorikens tre talgenrer, partesläran, publikbegreppet och presidenttal genomförs även.

The main purpose of this C-essay is to answer the question: What have been the consequences and effects of the merit point system on language studies and the parties concerned (teachers, students and principals) during the school year of 2010/11?The merit point system is the result of a political decision and was implicated for the first time in the Swedish upper secondary school during the school year 2010/2011. Being a completely new phenomenon it is of great interest and importance to study its effects.The study in this essay also aims to verify, falsify or nullify two hypotheses very often referred to in the political discussions regarding the merit point system:The merit point system will replace affection and interest as main reasons for language studies in upper secondary school and cause a rectification amongst the students choices of additional courses.The merit point system will have a segregating effect upon society and make it harder for people to rise in society through education in the future.A verification of these hypotheses would imply the appearance of an increased rectification amongst students as well as an orientation towards an in the future more segregated society.The empiric material has been collected and examined with qualitative as well as quantitative methods (questionnaires and interviews) and belongs epistemologically to the phenomenological and hermeneutical traditions..

The aim of this essay is to investigate which of the goals in the syllabus, and with that what knowledge of Swedish, four students taking the SFI (Swedish for Immigrants) level 3 course believed themselves to have attained and to compare their self-assessments with their results on the National Test of Swedish for adult immigrants.The method used for the investigation is the individual interview. In addition to taking the National Test, the participants in the investigation were asked to mark the goals they believe themselves to have attained.The results show that the informants who best demonstrated awareness of their own knowledge are able to talk freely about their knowledge and difficulties, and when they mark the goals they believe they have attained, these correspond, on the whole, to how they responded in the interviews.One of the informants finds it more difficult than the others to assess her knowledge. A comparison between her experiences and the National Test results revealed several inconsistencies. For example, she claims that she can communicate in Swedish, but still she didn?t pass the test..

Social media has recently expanded dramatically, as more people are using different media such as blogs, Facebook and Twitter, to express their opinions. This increases the possibilities to spread information and an unclear legal regulation in this area can create adverse consequences. Freedom of expression is a constitutional right, which forms an important cornerstone of a democratic society. Public employees? freedom of communication means that they can submit information to the media, without fear of reprisals from the authorities.

Föreliggande arbete inriktar sig på lärares sätt att kommunicera i undervisning av ensemble där de bemöter flera elever samtidigt. Med hjälp av videoobservationer av fyra lärare som bedriver undervisning av mindre ensembler på gymnasiet har jag analyserat fram vilka kommunikationssätt som används samt hur de används. Resultatet visar att lärarna använder sig av så väl verbal som icke-verbal kommunikation i sin undervisning. Via flertalet multimodala och semiotiska resurser kommunicerar musiklärarna med sina elever under lektionens gång. De kommunikationsspråk som förekommer är ett socialt, humoristiskt, auktoritärt, gestaltande, kunnigt och målande språk.

The aim of this paper is to study how multiculturalism is expressed in the Swedish labour market policy. The method used for the investigation is a discourse analysis which study social and political processes in the society as created through language. The perspective of the discourse analysis is a social construction that considers that language is a social production created in a discursive way. It produces and reflects social process in the language.By using theories of national identity and multiculturalism we aim to investigate how multiculturalism is expressed in the labour market policy. With this method we aim to analyze the discourse of a political report made 2008 by the current government about integration strategies in Sweden.

In this paper, generic reference in a collection of juridical texts is examined, with focus on third person singular pronouns. The object of the study is to find out which generic pronouns occur in the material along with their relative distribution, but also to display further use patterns and to offer plausible explanations for these patterns. Another object is to evaluate whether the use of generic pronouns corresponds with language planners? recommendations for non-sexist language. The corpus studied consists of Rikspolisstyrelsens författnings­samling (?Statute Book of the Swedish National Police Board?), comprising 172 documents written between 1974 and 2009.The study is divided into two parts.

This study is about the use of textbooks in teaching English as a second language and about teachers? attitudes and opinions of using textbooks during lessons. The aim of the study is to receive a deeper understanding of the use of textbooks in English teaching and to learn about why teachers choose whether to use the textbook approach or not. The study contains an analysis of the textbooks the teachers in our study used. The analysis shows the actual content and the types of texts together with the design and the structure of the textbooks.

My intention with this study was to examine the concepts ?mother tongue? and ?mother tongue education? and how these concepts are understood by some parents. To reach this goal I?ve conducted a qualitative study, wherein I?ve interviewed eight parents with foreign backgrounds. The study is inspired by hermeneutics in its interpretation of results.From this study I can reach several conclusions.

The need for second language learning is increasing in today?s multicultural and globalized society, and adult studies are becoming more common. Teachers must encourage all students, and all schools need to promote equality. Motivation is one of the most important factors for positive learning and progress, and it can be helpful for second language teachers to know more about this subject. The aim of this study was to examine which motivational factors that influence adult immigrants to learn Swedish through SFI education in Sweden.

Author: Niklas JohanssonDirector: Olle DuhlinTitle: In policy and practice ? a study of how the cultural policy have effected the language of two cultural institutions.Background: The swedish cultural policy?s raison d?être is to safeguard all the inhabitants right to experience culture. Since 1997 the development in the field has resulted in an economisation and commersialisation were the culture more commonly is looked upon as a mean of reaching a higher rate of employment or financial growth. The concept of cultural planning and new public management are today part of the cultural pollicy debate which in its turn has effected the goals and ways to evaluate fulfillment.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to show how the cultural policy in the swedish regions effect the language in the annual reports of the cultural institutions and how these documents have developed since 1997. This to further the knowledge of ho wchanges in the cultural policy effects the comunication of the cultural organisations.Method: This is a qulaitative study conducted in a inductivly.