Urbanization has for a long time been a threat to our biodiversity. Epiphytic organisms such as lichens have been negative affected by traffic pollution and the new urban environment surrounding their old habitat (van Her 2001). Another epiphytic organism is the green algae Desmococcus olivaceus. Unlike lichens the green algae is favoured by polluted areas. The aim of this study was to investigate if time in urban environments affected the cover of the green algae on old oaks.

Norra Sorgenfri är ett av de få områden som fortfarande visar spår från Malmös tid som Industristad. Under de senaste åren har Malmö genomgått en dramatisk förändring mot en mer internationell och pulserande stad med fokus på hållbarhet och god stadsmiljö. Norra Sorgenfri är nästa område att stå på tur i Malmös förnyelsearbete. Detta område är idag ett industri - och verksamhetsområde beläget strax sydost om Malmös stadskärna. På grund av att allt fler verksamheter har flyttat eller lagt ner, står idag många byggnader tomma.

Rooted in Industrial Ecology (IE) theory, this report evaluates how urban agricultural concepts and techniques, can contribute to improved ecological sustainability within the inner city boundaries of Stockholm. An overarching literary study as well as an interview was carried out, resulting in a qualitative analysis followed by suggestions for practical implementations. A substantial convergence was found between the eco-restructuring objectives of IE and the principal motives for urban agriculture. Consequently, eco-restructuring objectives are found in varying degrees in the presented urban agricultural techniques. Industrial symbioses, permaculture and combinations of urban agricultural techniques are tools which are capable of corresponding adequately to the diversity of urban settings.

This paper constitutes graduate work at the Depart-ment of Urban and Rural Development at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. In this paper the urban structure of the million program suburb Husby in Stockholm is examined and what effect this structure has on social life in the area. The main objective of the study has been to, with the help of morphological analyses, examine how to create meeting places and make the Husby Park more accessiblefor the inhabitants in Husby. There has been a selection of analyses to ensure that Husby?s spatial relationship with surrounding suburbs as well as local spaces in the Husby Park is described.

The aim of this thesis is to examine whether law reforms in the detailed planning process can be an aspect that gets in conflict with the citizens rights to participate in the Swedish planning through dialogue, and how five chosen municipalities are working with citizen participation. To be able to answer the aim of the thesis a literature study and five semi-structured interviews was performed in purpose to get wide-ranging information from municipal officials working with detailed planning handling. Law changes that aims to make the detailed planning process more efficient has been implemented partly to satisfy the needs of dwellings since the detailed planning process among master builders seems to be slow and inefficient, which to the them means higher costs. The requirement on having a detailed planning program was taken away when the new planning law was adopted year 2011. The planning program was including a moment of citizen dialogue. The case studied municipalities have not been affected in this law change arguing that it?s still possible to bring a program if needed.

Idag finns det ett stort tryck på förtätning i vattennära lägen. Många gamla verksamhetsområden och hamnområden utvecklas till nya stadsdelar. Stora delar av hamnen i Oskarshamn används idag fortfarande aktivt men Inre Hamnen står utan någon direkt användning. Syftet med mitt arbete har varit att utforma ett förslag från oanvänd hamn till attraktiv del av staden, som kopplar ihop Inre Hamnen med stadens centrum, men som även ska öka platsens attraktion. Syftet har även varit att öka viljan att röra och befinna sig i hamnområdet. Ett problem har varit den upplevda barriärseffekten på Skeppsbron, som sträcker sig längs med en stor del av planområdet. Att få ner skalan på vägen samt minska bilarnas dominans har varit av stor vikt i utformandet av planförslaget. För att få grepp om platsens egenskaper och karaktär har Cullens serial vision använts samt en SWOT-analys (styrkor, svagheter, möjligheter och hot). Hur man skapar en attraktiv stad har genomsyrat arbetet och även legat till grund vid utformningen av frågeställningarna. I arbetet har jag använt mig av tre teoretiker som alla talar om hur attraktivitet uppnås. De teoretiker jag använt mig av är Jan Gehl, Jane Jacobs och Gordon Cullen. Det Jacobs och Gehl förespråkar är att specifika fysiska strukturer gynnar möten mellan människor i städer samt mångfald.

Sustainable development and sustainability is nowadays expected to be integratedin modern city planning and permeate the entire planning process. At the sametime, sustainable development has an inherent vagueness, leading to a greatdiversity of interpretations of the meaning of this concept. In this thesis strongsustainability and ecological modernization are used as two different interpretationsof sustainable development. Using these two interpretations, an analysis of thecurrent use of the concept of sustainability within the city planning of Malmö isperformed. The analysis shows that the interpretation of sustainable development inthe city of Malmö can be deduced to ecological modernization and thatsustainability is looked upon as one way to improve the attractiveness of the city.Investments to increase ecological and social sustainability must be legitimized asleading to a potential increase in economical sustainability (growth) and the focusof increasing the sustainability in the city has shifted from ecological aspects toeconomical aspects.

An increasing global population and a worldwide growing urbanization has raised the questionabout the future food security in cities all over the world. Peak-oil limits the access to cheap fossilfuels which threatens the global food-supply chain. This has resulted in a larger awareness anddiscussion related to urban agriculture. Growing crops and keeping animals within the city-borderscould be one way of creating a more robust and sustainable food supply for city dwellers. However,to enable an expansion of the urban agriculture many theorists argue that policies and institutionalstructures that supports and promotes city farming have to be developed.

Stockholm has in recent years experienced a strong population increase but despite that fact, the demand for housing has not been followed by enough housing contracts. According to forecasts, growth in population will further be continued upward. With more condominiums than rental units on the market, new apartments are too expensive to live in. This creates unsustainable problems for those in lower classes of society. Creating a housing market in the periphery of Stockholm is not sustainable from a social perspective.

The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyze the geographical distribution of everyday criminality in the town of Borlänge during the year 2002 and to analyze which measures to be taken in the physical social planning to decrease this everyday criminality there. The term everyday criminality is here to be understood as those categories of crime that appear most frequently in the records of reports to the police every year. Here two kinds of crime have been in focus, thefts from cars and office burglary.In fulfilling this aim two main questions have been answered. The first one is how the everyday criminality was distributed geographically in the town of Borlänge during the year 2002. The second one is which measures to be taken in the physical social planning to decrease this everyday criminality in the town of Borlänge.In order to answer the first question a spatial autocorrelation analysis, Local Moran LISA has been used.

The Swedish government?s objective regarding information technology is to be world-leading in using the possibilities that digitization provides. In some aspects this has already been done, but in some areas much is yet to be accomplished. Although sports and recreational fitness activities are amongst the fastest growing areas of personal and consumer-oriented cloud computing-based technologies around the globe, there are areas within the genre that?s not evolving as quickly.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om fysisk planering kan samverka eller kombineras med destinationsutveckling genom en fallstudie av Stockholms stad för att skapa attraktiva destinationer i stadens ytterstadområden.Undersökningen omfattar en fallstudie av Stockholms fysiska planering och destinationsutveckling. Studien består av tidigare studier om urban turism i en litteraturstudie. Offentliga strategidokument har också analyserats. Intervjuer med fysiska planerare och destinationsplanerare har genomförts. Vidare har resultatet av intervjuerna analyserades tematiskt, en metod som valts för dess användbarhet för att få en djupare förståelse av en företeelse i samhället.Resultaten visar att det finns utmaningar, möjligheter för planerare att samarbeta och skapa ett nytänkande om hur deras planering områden kan samverka.

The urbanization of the world is increasing. How it affects bird populations have been well studied during the last decade, and comparisons between urban and non-urban habitats have been carried out. A common method for measuring habitat quality is to calculate the population density. This method is easy to use, but have been criticized during the last couple of years. In this study, data of population densities was compared with data on reproduction success.

Ämnet för den här uppstatsen är att undersöka vilka föreställningar det finns om tillgänglighet och hur samhälleliga strukturer påverkar arbetet med att öka tillgängligheten i samhället och vilka konsekvenser det har för berörda. Följande frågor har ställts för att kunna utreda detta. o Vilken roll har de statliga intentionerna i arbetet för att öka tillgängligheten i samhället och vilken roll har andra aktörer i samhället för hur dessa implementeras? o Vilka faktorer påverkar den fysiska planeringens förmåga att hantera tillgänglighet i den fysiska miljön? Uppsatsen utgår från de tre teoretiska perspektiven normalitet, makt och demokrati i relation till fysisk planering och tillgänglighet. Den egna undersökningen baserar sig på empiriskt material i form av kvalitativ textanalys och kvalitativa intervjuer. Den kvalitativa innehållsanalysen är utförd på tre politiska dokument, varav två av dem utgår från funktionshinderspolitiken, medan det tredje är förarbetet till Plan- och bygglagen (2010:900) och har därför en tydligare anknytning till fysisk planering.

In a time of increasing urbanization the human tenure effects on the land has lead to a decrease and fragmentation of areas that are valuable to urban wildlife. These actions have had a detrimental effect on the species and habitats that exist in cities and towns.This paper investigates, through the study of relevant literature and the undertaking of interviews and field visits, the role that biodiversity plays in our society. The current attitude towards urban biodiversity and the responsibility for its promotion within the landscape architect profession has been explored.This paper includes three English case studies and a design proposal investigating how one can work to promote biodiversity on a smaller scale.This paper concludes that urban biodiversity is multi-functional ? being of ecological, social and cultural significance. The landscape architecture profession must be aware of the need to combine a variety of different factors such as economical, social and environmental aspects.