The purpose of this study is to find out how the non-governmental shelters for battered women identify themselves in context of their dependence and cooperation with the municipality. Their legitimacy is also investigated which is based on, along with identity, key concepts of the neoinstitutional organization theory. The mutual dependency between these two actors is problematized along with the question of who is responsible for assisting the battered women, and who takes on the responsibilities for them. The empirical result that is analyzed was gathered through three qualitative semi structured interviews with employed personnel at three different battered women?s shelters in three different municipalities in Sweden.

Denna uppsats handlar om samband mellan barn och stress. Stressen finns överallt även bland de yngsta barnen på förskolan. Syftet med min uppsats är att undersöka vilka kunskaper och vilken uppfattningsförmåga pedagogerna i förskolan har om stress. Hur vi som pedagoger kan se att barn är stressade och vilka faktorer som leder till stress hos förskolebarnen i åldrarna 2 till 4 år. Undersökningen är kvalitativ och består av en enkät som delats ut till 40 st pedagoger varav 25 har svarat.

The application of performance-based pay system among enterprises is becoming more frequent. Performance-based pay systems is used by organizations in hope of increasing productivity and have become more flexible. Employees may perceive the performance-based salary as a motivator or a threat depending on lifesituation and personality. At a perceived threat, the employee may become stressed. Work-related stress has become a serious social problem that can have consequences for both companies and individuals.

The EU Services Directive has caused an intense debate across Europe. Its purpose is to remove obstacles to trade and to open up the public sector to increased competition. The Swedish labour movement has been deeply involved in the policy process, and union leaders have proclaimed the compromise reached in the European Parliament in April 2006 as a success.In the paper two major aspects have been considered: the meaning of the Swedish model and the process of Europeanization. The Swedish model previously allowed for a strong labour movement, through a social democratic hegemony, but the EU membership has implied new conditions for union influence. The paper examines how this change has affected the strategic choices of the Swedish labour movement, and how it has been manifested in the union's work with the Services Directive.

The aim of this qualitative study was to explore which inner conceptions about the abused older women the professional social workers had and how they experienced the enconter of an abused old woman in an intimate partner relation. The theoretical background is social construction by Berger and Luckmann. This theory was uset to analyze the transcribed interviews. This study is based on nine interviews with five professionals in social services, three volunteers from the voluntary sector and one social worker who worked in a community based support group for abused older women. The result of this study shows that older women were often abused, by a relative they were dependent on, in their home.

Stress definieras som en obalans mellan krav och resurser. Krav och kontrollmodellen samt krav- resursmodellen menar att krav är en negativ faktor. Andra menar att det finns negativt hindrande och positivt utmanande krav. En individ hanterar stress genom olika copingstrategier, två av dem är problemorienterad strategi och emotionell strategi. Forskning har visat att individer med en problemorienterad strategi hanterar stress bättre än de med emotionell strategi.

The main purpose of this study was to establish to what extent undergraduate students use reference services, what knowledge they have about those services and what their views of them are.The survey took place at Lund University Library, UB1, the main library responsible for collections in social sciences, humanities, theology and law. A total of 476 undergraduate students were asked to fill in a questionnaire, 273 accepted. The study is quantitative and was carried out during the autumn semester, 1996.The results show that the service used most frequently by undergraduate students is the reference collection. The least used service is the Internet, more than 50 percent of the students never use Internet at the University Library. In general, students are very pleased with the service given by the reference librarians, and with the collection of reference books.

The aim of this thesis was to study how social workers in social services in several municipalities perceive that they interpret the concept of domestic violence and how they believe they would act when it comes to different types of domestic violence. The thesis has focused on three types of violence; physical, psychological and economical. Seven social workers were interviewed with a thematised interview guide and six vignettes. The theoretical perspectives applied in the analysis were the process of normalization and the continuum of violence. The results showed that the social workers did not interpret domestic violence unanimous, and they had different ideas of how they would act in the vignettes.

Studien syftar till att undersöka hur stress konstrueras i svenska tidningar samt vilka skillnader och likheter som finns i konstruktionen av mäns och kvinnors stress. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten är Berger och Luckmanns socialkonstruktionism som innebär att allt är socialt konstruerat. Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys har också legat till grund för studiens teoretiska och metodologiska ramverk. För att besvara studiens syfte har Faircloughs tredimensionella modell använts för att analysera artiklar från Sveriges fyra största tidningar. Artiklarna som analyserades handlade om mäns och kvinnors stress.

Introduktion: Stress blir allt vanligare och det påverkar människan negativt både psykiskt och fysiskt. Den förekommer bland både kvinnor och män. Minskad saliv, kost och intagsfrekvens samt munhygienvanor medför ökad risk för kariesutveckling. Karies utvecklas genom demineralisering och den orsakas av bland annat mutans streptokocker och lactobaciller som finns i placket. Därför syftar studien till att hitta samband mellan stress och dessa riskfaktorer.Syfte: Att studera hur stress påverkar riskfaktorer för karies.Frågeställningar: Hur påverkas salivproduktionen av stress? Hur påverkas kostvanorna av stress? Hur påverkas munhygienvanorna av stress?Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie.

AbstraktSyftet med studien är att försöka finna förståelse för hur muslimer uppfattar och hanterar stress utifrån deras egna kulturella normer. För att skapa en djupare inblick i den Islamska kulturen så utfördes en kvalitativ undersökning på plats i södra Turkiet. Fokus var riktat på det muslimska perspektivet av stress, då önskan var att undersöka vad stress innebar utifrån deras eget synsätt samt vad som användes i hanteringen av stress. Kvalitativa djupintervjuer genomfördes med fem kvinnor och sju män som var religiöst troende. Respondenterna hade relativt likartade upplevelser och tillväga- gångsätt i hanteringen av stress.

The overall purpose of this essay was to provide a better understanding of the importance of discretion for social workers in direct social services. To answer the purpose three questions were formulated: (1) How do social workers define and describe their discretion and their ability to independently accomplish their work? (2) How do social workers experience that workplace organization, policies and economic conditions interact with their discretion and (3) How do social workers experience that the interaction with the client can affect how they use their discretion in the individual case? The method used was qualitative interviews. The theoretical framework was Michael Lipskys (1980) Street-level bureaucracy and the four themes organization, professional role, skills and interaction.The results showed that the respondents, although they did not consider themselves to be affected by the economy still adapted to budget restrictions when they said that they were cost conscious in their work. This adjustment to budget framework could possibly be what made them not feel limited in their work.

This report is prepared in cooperation with Södra, Norra Halland SBO. The survey gives the members an opportunity to influence the services and also gives the staff at Södra a hint of the member?s demands.Södra is the largest co-operative forest company in Sweden with over 50 000 members and is divided into 31 areas. Norra Halland SBO is one of them.A questionnaire was sent to the members and 516 (or 53 %) of them answered. Of the respondents 68 % were between 60 and 69 years of age.

Stress har alltid förekommit hos våra förfäder då var det en instinkt på kamp eller flykt. Men i dag utsätts vi för stress i olika former. Positiv stress är bra för oss, det ger oss energi då vi ställs inför utmaningar som vi klarar av. Negativ stress uppstår när vi ställs inför höga påfrestningar och kontrollen går förlorad. Stressen kan ha en negativ inverkan både fysiskt och psykiskt.

Today, activities funded with public funds needs to present relevant and reliable information which shows the results obtained. Requirements increase in welfare activities to be run based on scientific, empirical knowledge. This applies particularly to social work. The social work is, however, poorly researched in areas such as knowledge of interventions in the content, context and effects. One way to evidence-base social work can be to conduct regular and qualified assessments.