The purpose of this study was to examine work related stressors and related coping strategies among case managers at a domestic violence shelter in the United States. We further wanted to examine whether locus of control among the participants could be related to work related stress and coping strategies. Qualitative interviews were performed with eight case managers to gain knowledge about the stressors and coping strategies they used by examining their thoughts, feelings and experiences. The result showed that the case managers experience a number of stressors in their work environment such as system problems (e.g., lack of re¬sources and time pressure) and emotional stress. Coping responses among the case managers included efforts to alter the problem, so called problem focused coping, efforts to control emo¬tions, so called emotions focused coping and social support from colleagues.

The ambition with this study is to look into and create an understanding for how an intranet can work as a support system in work processes in capacity as a source of knowledge. We want to enhance the understanding for which kind of knowledge that can be coded in and transmitted by an intranet, and which that is lost in this process. We also want to clarify what it takes to get this knowledge, in collaboration with the intranet, to support the work in an organization. It is a qualitative case study at a Swedish bank. It consisted of semi standardized, half structured interviews with five people in one of the bank?s local offices.

En stor del av personalen inom Hälso- och Sjukvården har sin arbetstid förlagd till natten. Vi vet idag att det är mycket ogynnsamt att arbeta nattetid och att det höjer risken att utveckla flera sjukdomar. Nattarbete och roterande skiftarbete stör och påverkar den naturliga dygnsrytmen i kroppen. Kan vi hjälpa kroppen att anpassa sig bättre till nattskiftsarbete med hjälp av ljusterapins effekter? Ljusterapi är, vad vi känner till idag, en säker behandling med få eller inga biverkningar.

Länsförsäkringar in Värmland, Sweden, had during the year 2003 a total level of 6.1 percent of people on the sick-list, which was higher than average in the business (4,5%) and for salaried employees in the private sector (3,3%). The average age of those put on sick-list was 47 years, whish is four years higher than the average for the whole LF-group. The cost for the total amount of people being on sick-list at LF-company (6,1%) was estimated to 1 500 kkr, according to a calculation model coming from Försäkringskassan. For every percent the sick level could be reduced, the company would save 239 kkr. To map out the state of health of each and every collaborator in LF, the company offered all employees to make a health profile at the company's health service, Clarahälsan AB.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate attitude and practice to prescribe physical activity accordingly FaR® rules among personal at the specialized department of the University Hospital. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was used to answer the purpose. The data were collected using specially designed questionnaire. That contained 11 questions related to interest and complications to use FaR® as a treatment method. A total of 38 individuals participated in the study.

Purpose: The aim is to investigate the mechanisms behind the destructive entrepreneurship in the assistance industry.Method: To investigate the destructive entrepreneurship in the assistance industry, we conducted a qualitative study in the form of semi-structured questions. In total, we interviewed four authorities and an employer organization.Theory: Theoretical framework: The study is based on Baumol's (1990) theory of productive, unproductive and destructive entrepreneurship and rent-seeking by Murphy et al (1991), but the study's principal theory that we have chosen to apply is the routine activity theory of Cohen & Felson (1979) that describes three elements that must come together in order for a crime to be committed.Conclusions and discussion: Our study shows that it is clear that there is both fraud and abuse within the assistance allowance, which can be done in different ways. Some users simulate their illness that they exaggerate their need for assistance. Some assistance providers have abused the compensation by paying lower wages and empty false wages etc. The study showed that there also exists a type of human trafficking.

Background: Ill-health related to unhealthy lifestyle is increasing and despite existing knowledge about healthy lifestyle it is difficult to change behaviour. Counselling in the primary health care is often superficial and without critical elements for behaviour change. Aim: The aim of this paper to elucidate interventions for change of lifestyle with respect diet and physical activity. Method: A literature review was carried out and ten scientific articles were analyzed and compiled in two main categories: design of these interventions and participation in them. Results: Education, decision making, goal setting, feedback, social support and follow-up were identified as critical elements for behaviour change.

SammanfattningSyftet med denna litteraturstudie var att göra en sammanställning och beskriva vad som fanns i vetenskaplig litteratur gällande sömnfrämjande interventioner för äldre personer med demenssjukdom.  Metoden var en deskriptiv litteraturstudie baserad på 14 vetenskapliga artiklar från sju länder, publicerade mellan år 2005- 2010.  Artikelsökning gjordes i databaserna Medline och Cinahl, även en manuell sökning ingick. Inkluderade artiklar i resultatet är granskade och kvalitetsbedömda.  Huvudresultatet visade att det fanns olika interventioner som ljusterapi, melatonin, akupressur, social aktivitet, utbildning och örtmedicin för att främja sömnstörningar för personer med demenssjukdom. De olika interventionerna uppvisade lite skiftande effekt för att främja sömnen, ingen av interventionerna ansågs övertygande däremot upptäcktes andra positiva effekter gällande agitation, dygnsrytmstörningar och vakenheten under dagen. Slutsatsen av denna litteraturstudie är att mer riktad forskning behövs om olika interventioner för att främja sömnstörningar hos äldre personer med demenssjukdomar. Förbättring av sömnkvalitet, livskvalitet och återhämtning är målsättningen med interventionerna.

Bakgrund: Patienter i behov av intensivvård är även i behov av en plats av lugn och ro för läkning. Intensivvården är en miljö som utsätter patienter för frekventa stimuli dygnet runt. För att få möjlighet till både fysisk och psykisk läkning krävs fullständig sömn. Intensivvårdspatienter har mer ytlig sömn på grund av att sömnrytmen ofta är störd. Genom att vila mitt på dagen i sammanhängande 90 minuter kan individen kompensera för en otillräcklig nattsömn.

Alwén, L & Holst, S. (2006) Sova med fiende, en litteraturstudie om hjärtviktspatienter och deras närståendes upplevelser av sömnstörningar, trötthet samt dess påverkan i dagliga livet. Hur kan sjuksköterskor stödja patienter och närstående i denna problematik? Examensarbete i omvårdnad, 10 poäng. Malmö högskola: Hälsa och Samhälle, Utbildningsområde omvårdnad, 2006.

In our everyday life we are constantly affected by sound; at home, on our way to and from work, when taking a walk through the woods and when we sleep. In discussions about sound one often talk about noise and to what degree a certain noise disturbs us. The positive qualities of a sound and what sounds contribute to the experience of a good environment is rarely discussed. The question of sound and the quality of sound is given more attention through the expansion of Stockholm, the city is becoming both bigger and more crowded. This raises new questions concerning the planning of the city e.g. should the changes of the sound quality in a place be one of the aspects taken into consideration when planning new buildings, are there ways to improve the sound quality in new building projects? Can we even improve the quality of sound in existing places by simple means? I have chosen to study four different areas in Stockholm; Hötorget, Mariatorget, Berzeliipark and Norrmalmstorg.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), as a consequence of atherosclerosis in the arteria of the limbs, affects one of ten Swedes older than 65. PAD can develop slowly and silently, and involves an increased risk for cardiac infarction and stroke. Measurement of the patient´s ankle blood pressure and calculation of the ankle-brachial index is an evidence-based method to discover PAD. Objective: To investigate how district nurses and general practitioners perceive this method of examination and experience possible obstacles to why it is not more commonly applied at primary health care centres. Method: Data collected by semi-structured interviews have been processed by qualitative content analysis with a manifest onset.

BAKGRUND: Sömn är ett regelbundet återkommande tillstånd som är livsnödvändigt för att kroppen skall återhämta sig på ett korrekt vis. Personer med insomni och sömnapné är två patientgrupper som lider utav långvariga sömnproblem. Orsakerna till den dåliga sömnen kan vara många, och därför är det viktigt för sjuksköterskan att vara lyhörd och kunna stötta patienterna med hjälp av sina kunskaper gällande de åtgärder och behandlingar som finns att använda sig av.SYFTE: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att belysa vilka åtgärder sjuksköterskan kan tillämpa för att stödja patienter med långvariga sömnproblem.METOD: En litteraturöversikt där 13 vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och analyserades. Fribergs (2006) modell för litteraturöversikter användes vid datainsamling och analysförfarande.RESULTAT: Fyra kategorier framkom ur analysen av de vetenskapliga artiklarna: egenvård, akupunktur, kognitiv beteendeterapi, och stödprogram. Dessa kategorier gör det möjligt för sjuksköterskan att tillämpa stöd till patienterna.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the adherence to basic hygiene routines among staff and to investigate if there is any difference between the adherences in diverse professions. The purpose was also to study how staff rates their own adherence to current guidelines. Data for the study were collected through observations and questionnaires. Altogether 35 people were observed and 15 answered the questionnaire. Maximum adherence was found in the category of "hand disinfection after patient contact" with a score of 96%.

The goal with this essay is to investigate problems in processes of a government agency andthereby determine whether a Business Process Reengineering can create a more effectiveworkflow. The foundation of this essay lies in how customers perceive its business processesas reported from Internet forums. By adopting a qualitative approach, this is supplemented bythe statements and reports from the public business. The qualitative method that has been usedin this study is a content analysis of the threads from two major Internet forums that highlightthe problems associated with the examination of firearms licensing and the routine that exists.The method also gave us the opportunity to study the public business own view of theirprocesses. This was done by exploring their statements in media and their own reports aboutthis area.This essay is the result of a case-based study and during the course of the study we haveidentified five themes related to; time, management, communication, competence, andregulations.