Statistics of occupational injuries show that bricklayers are among the most exposed, with heavy lifting by far the most common cause of long-term Sick leave. Prefabricated brick beams create yet another risk of injuries that can be prevented by auxiliary equipment or alternative solutions. From articles, interviews with masons and from a survey carried out in conjunction with this report, it appears that there are frequently difficulties in the use of available means for lifting and handling. Previous studies on the subject of transverse reinforcement in masonry beams indicate a viable method for bridging large openings in masonry walls. This bachelor thesis delves into whether the idea could be realized in today's brick construction with a view to improving occupational health and safety.

Statistik visar att fem procent av alla sjukskrivna i Sverige är lärare. Sjukskrivningar orsakade av den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan har under senare år alltmer även kommit att förknippas med psykosociala faktorer. Syftet med studien är tvådelat. Vi ville för det första undersöka hur grundskollärare anser att den psykosociala arbetsmiljön påverkar deras hälsa. För det andra ville vi undersöka om lärarna anser att lärarutbildningen har bidragit till deras förmåga att hantera den psykosociala arbetsmiljön eller om hälsofrämjande insatser behövs.

Studiens syfte är att belysa enhetschefers upplevelser och värderingar av samarbetet med en företagshälsovård angående upprepad korttidsfrånvaro. Kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer användes. Tio enhetschefer i två kommuner intervjuades och resultatet bygger på deras subjektiva upplevelser. I studien framkom att enhetscheferna generellt anser att grundtanken i samarbetet är bra med en bra struktur. Enhetscheferna har sedan länge själva arbetat med den upprepade korttidsfrånvaron och det är även de som bedömer vilka medarbetare som hänvisas till företagshälsovården.

Mental illness is today the leading cause of long-term Sick leave and insomnia, anxiety, depression and burnout are among the most common conditions. The aim of the study was to investigate the stability of these conditions and how this is influenced by gender and age, as well as the extent to which these states are risk factors for each other. The participants were a random sample (n = 2336) from the general population in the age of 18-79 years. The results showed that stable illness was more common among women than men, and that stable illness decreased with aging. The stability itself was not affected by gender or age. Relations between the conditions were bidirectional and they constitute major risk factors for each other (odds ratios, OK = 2.37 to 6.46). The largest risk factor for a condition is, however, previous occurrence of the same problem. Previous burnout was found to be a significantly larger risk factor for future burnout than previous insomnia for future insomnia (OK = 9.63 and 5.74, respectively). The results suggest that insomnia, anxiety, depression and burnout, despite their differences, are similar regarding symptoms and underlying causes. The importance of early interventions to prevent comorbid conditions which are more complicated and more difficult to treat is emphasized..

This study investigates the teaching strategies of four teachers, and determines which teaching strategies give better results in mathematics at the middle school level? Result here means the knowledge level of the students. The result has been measured through leave out a mathematical test, which I leave out designed. Teaching strategies have been assessed through interviews with teachers and observations of their lessons.My study shows that to go through the lessons thoroughly in the traditional way, and open discussions with the whole class are best for students achievements.The information available, however, is too limited to draw some general conclusions, but my study can be seen more like a counter-example to the general praxis that is short lectures and individual assessment with one to one communication when teaching mathematics..

Försäkringskassan (FK) har fått i uppdrag av regeringen att vidareutveckla bedömningsförfarandet för sjukskrivna i Sverige. Som en del i detta har bland annat ett nytt bedömningsinstrument tagits fram för att användas vid arbetsterapeutisk kompletterande bedömning av medicinska förutsättningar för arbete. Instrumentet bygger på det redan befintliga bedömningsinstrumentet Assessment of Work Performance (AWP), med tre utvalda arbetsuppgifter och kallas för AWP-FK. Syftet med den här studien var att göra en initial prövning av AWP-FK med fokus på innehållsvaliditet och användbarhet. Som metod användes kvalitativa telefonintervjuer med nio arbetsterapeuter som ingick i Försäkringskassans pilotstudie.

Bakgrund:Långtidssjukskrivning på grund av stressrelaterad ohälsa har under senaste åren ökat i Sverige. Det medför oftast ett stort lidande för den enskilde och ger även ökade kostnader för samhället. Hur rehabiliteringen genomförs är av vikt för att kunna hjälpa personerna som är långtidssjukskrivna tillbaka till familjeliv och arbetsliv. Därför är det viktigt att få ta del av de sjukskrivnas egna erfarenheter av rehabiliteringen. Syftet: Var att undersöka hur personer som är långtidssjukskrivna > 3 månader på grund av långvarig stress har upplevt sin rehabilitering och vad som har underlättat för återgång till familjeliv och arbetsliv.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how social workers who worked with financial assistance perceived their work situation and the impact work-related stress had on their health and quality of work. Further, the study intended to find out if they felt that they received support from their employer that could prevent stress-related Sick leave. The following two research questions were to be answered: In what way does work-related stress affect social workers? health and job quality according to their own experience? What kind of support and help experienced social workers were available within their organization? To receive answers to the questions semi-structured interviews with five social workers were conducted, analyzed and interpreted. The results showed that when social workers have a heavy case burden, high stress and a risk of deteriorated job quality occurred.

Pneumonia is a common disease in calves. There are several causes behind the disease. The main purpose of this litterary study was to estimate what kind of nursing calves with pneumonia could benefit from, especially the evidence-based nursing recommendations for the sick calves. A further purpose was to gain knowledge of different treatments of sick calves and what kind of practical measurements that are most suitable to use in the preventive work. The results in this study shows that there are only suggestions of nursing, rather than some actual evidence-based actions. The most important nursing actions is to isolate the calves with dyspnea, prevent or treatment of hypothermia, potential dehydration and malnutrition. It is also important to make sure to place the calf on soft and dry bedding.

Eriksson, Simon & Ögren, Andreas. (2011). Vart tar fotbollsungdomarna vägen? En studie om varför 15-16 åringar i Västerbotten väljer att lämna fotbollen. (Where do the football youths go? A study of why 15-16 year olds in Västerbotten choose to leave football) Bachelor Essay in Swedish.

BAKGRUND Sjukfrånvaro är och kommer alltid att vara ett problem för företagen då den ärsvårt att undvika. Dock läggs relativt lite tid på att identifiera kostnaderna bakom sjukfrånvaro och då framförallt den kortsiktiga. Kortsiktig sjukfrånvaro orsakar mer kostnader för företaget än vad de flesta kanske tror då företaget måste kompensera den sjuka anställda om han eller hon är frånvarande.PROBLEMFORMULERING Hur kan man mäta ett företags kostnader för kortsiktig sjukfrånvaro?SYFTE Syftet med denna uppsats är att med empiriskt material och valda teorier beskriva hur man kan mäta kostnader för sjukfrånvaro i ett företag. Uppsatsen syftar att generera en kostnadsmätning gällande korttidssjukfrånvaron hos det studerade företaget.METOD Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod.

Background: Fibromyalgia is a psychosomatic disease that emerges without any known cause. For a long time, it has been believed to be a part of the menopause. Between 0,7 and 4,8 % of the women in Scandinavia are diagnosed. The most obvious symptom is pain. Aim: The aim with the literature review was to describe how women with fibromyalgia experience their lifesituation.

Unhealthiness is not just a damaged back or asbestos. The fact that mental ill-health seems to increase in our society is well known. Statistics from Arbetsmiljöverket proves a fourfold increase of work-related disorders since 1997. These are primarily caused by organizational and social factors, 60% are considered caused by stress and a heavy workload. Sick leave due work related fatigue and depressions are scarily common today.

Abstract The main subject of this essay is conflicts at work and the effect it has on the employee´s health.  I can through various reports read that bad health at workplaces is too high and that conflicts are a reason. What can be done to the work environment so it will be better from a psychosocial perspective? Sweden has a regulation that makes the employer responsible to work for an improvement in the work environment; can these regulations be used in purpose to reduce conflicts?My first question concerns the possibility to establish preventive procedures in the workplace systematic work regarding to improve the work environment. My second question is about the obligations of the employer to attempt to reduce conflicts at the workplace and the third question regards the documenting and monitoring of conflicts and the preventing work to reduce them. The purpose of this essay is to clarify how conflict preventive work can be included in the Systematic work environment management.

During the last Century a tremendously technical advancement has taken place and brought a change in society, which has affected workplaces in a monumental way. Many heavily and moveable physical working tasks at the work placement have been replaced with much easier and sedentary tasks.Two of the major reasons for sick absence in Sweden are illness in the locomotive organs and pain, which can be treated and prevented with physical activity on a large scale. Many employers offer their employees? subsidized exercise cards, which can be used during their free time. A health care exercise hour is one benefit that employers can offer their employees and normally takes place once a week during fully paid working time.